Strychnine - kuyini? Yokusetshenziswa, izimpawu ubuthi

Kuyaziwa ukuthi imithi eminingi zinobuthi emzimbeni. Zonke incike kulokho Isikali ukusebenzisa eyodwa noma esinye isidakamizwa. Kukhona futhi izinto zinobuthi. Ukusebenzisa kwabo kuyingozi kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, ezinye zazo kusetshenziswa imithi. Ngokwesibonelo, izidakamizwa ukuthi zisekelwe bee futhi inyoka ushevu, strychnine. Umthamo imithi kumele ngokuqinile waphawula. Phela, uma ngaphezu kwenani we ketshezi esebenzayo, kungabangela ubuthi esindayo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ebulalayo. Isibonelo strychnine izidakamizwa. Ubuthi oluqukethwe kulesi ketshezi kuyinto enobuthi kakhulu kubantu nasezilwaneni. Kodwa lapho kusetshenziswa izinto eziningi ezincane ke kunomphumela zokwelapha.

Strychnine - kuyini?

Le nto ivela zemifino. Isetshenziselwa hhayi kuphela ukwenza umuthi, kodwa futhi njengendlela inyongo ibe namagundane. Banikezwe ubuthi okusezingeni eliphezulu, abantu ababeke linqume izidakamizwa esekelwe le nto, buza: strychnine - kuyini? Kuyaziwa ukuthi ithuluzi sabiwe 1818. Njengoba yenziwe ngu-laboratory. Equkethe strychnine nalokho amakhemikhali libhekisela? Leli thuluzi kuyinto alkaloids yemvelo indole. Kuqukethwe imbewu izitshalo chilibuha. Zibizwa ngokuthi nangokuthi "nuts emetic." Chilibuha ikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo Afrika ne-Asia. Ngaphandle strychnine, nezinye imbewu aqukethe alkaloids. Ngokwesibonelo, brucine izidakamizwa. Ngezinhloso yezokwelapha kwizimo zamalabhorekthi ekhiqizwa nitrate strychnine, ngamanye amagama - usawoti nitrate. Ngemithamo ezinkulu alkaloid eziqukethwe imbewu chilibuha ezibhekwa ubuthi. Sinenkosi ngezinga eliphezulu ubuthi futhi ezibulalayo ukuze abantu.

Imiphumela emzimbeni strychnine

Ingqikithi strychnine - kuyini? Ezinye idatha umthelela leli thuluzi kungatholakala ezincwadini. Phakathi kwabo - eyaziwa amanoveli zasendulo Jack London, Agatha Christie. Kulezi imisebenzi, amaqhawe bayafa ngenxa yokuchayeka ushevu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlobi oyiNgisi Gerbert Uells likuchaza enye yezindaba zakhe ka ivuselela begazi, sibonga ngalo umuntu enomuzwa kuqubule amandla. Sikhuluma strychnine. Eqinisweni, yalolu ketshezi anezakhi efanayo. Lesi senzo of strychnine yingoba ingase ivimbele neurotransmitters ezithile. Phakathi kwabo, glycine - ikhemikhali ezivimbela conduction inkanuko kanye emgogodleni. Ngenxa yalesi strychnine umphumela kubhekwa indlela inkanuko isimiso sezinzwa.

Ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa kwafakwa isilinganiso esincane semithi ketshezi emzimbeni kwenzeke izinqubo ezilandelayo:

1. Ezishukumisayo izinzwa. Nale izici sithuthukiswe ezifana iphunga, ukuzwa, touch, ukunambitheka kanye emehlweni.
2. Excitation kwemisipha lwamathambo kanye myocardium.
3. Ukuqinisa we izinqubo umzimba emzimbeni.
4. Ukukhuthazwa isimiso sezinzwa, kuhlanganise zokuphefumula futhi vasomotor isikhungo.

Ukusetshenziswa strychnine e kwemithi

Ngokuphathelene umphumela strychnine ku isimiso sezinzwa futhi ukusetshenziswa kwaso kwezokwelapha. Nokho, izidakamizwa eziqukethe Ubuthi, wasebenzisa kuphela ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Imithi ku isakhiwo strychnine nitrate. Kuyinto cishe zingaxazululeki ngamanzi abandayo kanye nomoya. Nitrate ine uhlobo powder emhlophe ehlanganisa zinhlayiya. Imithi equkethe into libhekisela isigaba ukulungiselela 1, okusho ukuthi kukhona izidakamizwa eziyingozi kakhulu. Uma sicabangela nemiphumela yako, strychnine ukusebenzisa izifo ezihilela okusithiyayo Izinzwa amaza. Igatsha oyinhloko imithi, esebenzisa izidakamizwa ezifanayo - a Neurology. Ngaphezu kwemithi, strychnine isetshenziswa njengophawu inyongo ibe igundane - amagundane kanye amagundane. Ngaphambili, kuphela ayinto osetshenziselwa disinfestation.

Imaphi amalungiselelo equkethe strychnine

Ngakho, "strychnine" - kuyini nokuthi yini izidakamizwa liqukethe? Amalungiselelo kokuba ukubunjwa yayo ubuthi, kukhona iqembu sezinzwa uhlelo evuselela. Ngo umkhuba kukhona nomuthi ezimbili kwemithi equkethe strychnine. Lezi zihlanganisa:

1. Tincture chilibuha. Kuyinto uketshezi onsundu kokuba ukunambitheka ababayo. bawuhloniphe nobuhlobo ezilandelayo: 16 amagremu lomcebo ezomile (the chilibuha akhiphe) ukuba 1 ilitha 70% isixazululo utshwala. I nomuthi yakhiwa hhayi kuphela strychnine. Umuthi uvezwa nezinye alkaloids, kuhlanganise brucine. Tincture iqukethe 0.25% isithako esisebenzayo.
2. Dry izitshalo akhiphe chilibuha. Futhi kubizwa izidakamizwa emetic nut. Kuyinto powder ensundu. Ayinaphunga. Ukuze usebenzise i-powder siphela emanzini. Lapho lokhu isilinganiso 1/10 uyalandelwa. I powder iqukethe mayelana 16% alkaloids chilibuha - strychnine futhi brucine.

Le mithi akudingeki amagama kwezohwebo. Asetshenziswa ifomu isixazululo kanye amaphilisi.

Amalungiselelo equkethe strychnine: yokusetshenziswa

Njengoba sazi ukuthi strychnine ziwubuthi kuyingozi kakhulu, ukuthobela imiyalo ukusetshenziswa kubaluleke kakhulu. Kunoma yikuphi abakwazi idlule umthamo zokwelapha zomuthi! Kufanele sinake contraindications ukusetshenziswa amalungiselelo equkethe strychnine. izidakamizwa ezinjalo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka 2 abesifazane ubudala, abakhulelwe nabancelisayo. Ezinqunyiwe isidakamizwa kungaba udokotela kuphela. Ngakho-ke, imithi aqukethe strychnine: yokusetshenziswa.

1. engayitholi Oral zomuthi. Ezimweni eziningi, imithi zisebenzisa ngaphakathi. Ngenxa yale njongo wotshwala ukumnika chilibuha kanye amaphilisi (eliqukethe akhiphe ezomile). Kuye kobukhulu izimpawu, yobudala kanye nesisindo isiguli. omdala ezinconyiwe umthamo kuyinto kusuka 0.5 kuya 1 mg 2-3 izikhathi ngosuku. Uma ifomu Isikali zomuthi - alcoholate ke iqondiswa 3-10 amathonsi (e 1 ukukhonza). umthamo Maximum abadala ubhekwa 5 mg ngosuku. Izingane inani isithako kuyakhethwa kumuntu ngamunye, kuya isisindo emzimbeni. A umthamo owodwa we-mg 0.1 kuya 0.5.
2. ekuphathweni Ongama we nomuthi. Ezisetshenzisiwe 0.1% isixazululo of strychnine. I umthamo wansuku 1 ml (1 ampoule) ukulungiselela.

Izinkomba ngokusetshenziswa strychnine

Naphezu ukusebenza izidakamizwa, ube ngezithako zawo strychnine, basuke iqondiswa ezimweni ezingajwayelekile. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuba iziguli izidakamizwa kancane kuyingozi. Nokho, zikhona izimo lapho ekubizweni strychnine ezidingekayo. Kukhona izimpawu ezilandelayo ukuze ukusetshenziswa kwalezi imithi:

1. Sinzima iziyaluyalu zezinzwa. Phakathi kwabo - ukukhubazeka kanye paresis yezingalo nemilenze ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi.
2. Ukungakuthandi ukudla. Njengoba sazi ukuthi nitrate ka strychnine has a liphinyiselwe kakhulu ukunambitheka ababayo, kukhuthaza isifiso ukudla.
3. Ukwephula kobukhulu ukuzwa futhi umbono. Kulokhu, izidakamizwa kuyabekwa kuphela ezimweni lapho kukhona izinguquko ukusebenza izinzwa.
4. Ubuthakathaka. Okwamanje, amalungiselelo equkethe strychnine, hhayi cishe esetshenziselwa Erectile Dysfunction.
5. Ukuphuza ngokweqile akusona amenable ekwelashweni ngezinye izindlela.

Izimo ukusetshenziswa strychnine

Amalungiselelo equkethe strychnine, kuthiwa contraindicated kubantu abaphethwe izifo zenhliziyo (angina pectoris, umfutho ophakeme wegazi, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi) futhi umgudu wokuphefumula (isifuba somoya, COPD). Futhi, abakwazi isetshenziswe pathologies sokwehluleka yegilo indlala, isibindi nezinso. It akuvunyelwe nakancane ukuqokwa le mithi ekukhulelweni, lactation, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ubudala kanye nabantu banomlando Ukudlikizela.

Izimpawu ubuthi by strychnine

Isimo esiyingozi kakhulu kubhekwa anobuthi nge strychnine. Izimpawu zalesi zifane isithombe basemtholampilo nomhlathi-ngqi. Ukwabela elandelayo izimpawu ubuthi: photophobia, ukucindezeleka zokuphefumula, Ukudlikizela, lockjaw, ukugwinya kahle. Strychnine kubhekwe umthamo olubulala 1 mg ngayinye esisindo kg.