Salmonellosis: bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi, izimbangela, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

Abaningi bethu baye babona empilweni yami, ezifana nesifo samathumbu like salmonella. Fever, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza okungapheli, ukuhamba kaningi yokugezela - yilokho okwenzekayo lapho Salmonella is udle. Ake sihlole kabanzi onjani izimo zokugula lapho kuphakama, okuyinto ethatha ngesimo salmonellosis. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni we ekuvimbeleni izifo uzophinde lekufanele tentiwe izinto sihloko.

Kuyini salmonellosis?

Salmonellosis - emathunjini izifo ezithathelwanayo libhekene degrees lokudakwa umzimba kanye lesion emathunjini obuhlukahlukene. Pathology siyingozi uhlobo oluthize amagciwane Salmonella ukuthi ufake umzimba ngezindlela eziningana:

• ukudla,
• kusukela isilwane esigulayo,
• lomuntu onegciwane (okuyinto ngokwayo iyagula, noma kuyinto othwala igciwane).

Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngoba salmonellosis ezomhlaba ebusuku. Lesi sifo emathunjini kuyinto ngempela kunganakekile, ngoba ekuqaleni ayikwazi bazikhulumele ngokwanele, futhi le ndoda, enethemba lokuthi alulame ngokushesha, akusho banake ayokwelashwa.

sibi salmonellosis livela ukucobeka kancane obonakalayo, ukuphazamiseka okuncane kwesitulo. Nokho, zikhona izimo ezimbi kakhulu lesi sifo, okuyinto imfiva manifest, izigqiki okuxekethile, ukuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe, ezinzima ubuhlungu besisu, ikhanda.

Kwenzeka ukuthi umsebenzi wakho ku-abantu Salmonella kungabangela lutho, Ukudlikizela, imfiva isikhathi eside, phambili nokwanda yezitho zangaphakathi - ubende, isibindi - futhi obumba foci therein ukonakala.

Amagciwane Salmonella bohlobo

Salmonella - uhlobo lwe-bacterium ukuba ukuma ezindukwini ezimbili, 7 mm ubude, 0.7 mm ububanzi. Izilokazane ezincane kukhona pathogenic kubantu nasezilwaneni siphile, njengoba umthetho, esiswini. Ziyakwazi linesizotha kakhulu, ukuthuthukisa kanye khulani aphansi izakhi abezindaba.

Ukuthola emzimbeni womuntu, ama-bacterium aqala ukuba asebenzayo, kodwa hhayi ngokushesha. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngoba salmonellosis e abadala zokhahlamba kusuka amahora 6 izinsuku ezintathu.

Ama-bacterium balondolozwe kahle imvelo yangaphandle:

• enhlabathini - kuze kufinyelele eminyakeni eyodwa nengxenye,
• amanzi - izinyanga 5.

Awu uzizwe ngokwabo futhi salmonella e ukudla. bona ubungqabavu babo:

• e ushizi - enyakeni 1,
• inyama eqandisiwe - mayelana 6 izinyanga,
• ibhotela - izinyanga 4,
• imikhiqizo inyama - kusuka 2 kuya 4 izinyanga
• yogurt ubhiya - izinyanga 2
• ubisi - kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-20.

Salmonella iyazilimaza ekukhanyeni ultraviolet futhi ukushisa: lapho eliwu lokushisa 55 ° C amabhaktheriya zibulawa 1.5 amahora lokushisa 60 ° C - imizuzu 12. Nokho, Salmonella akusho wabulala ngokuphelele uma iphenduka iqhwa.

Kwezinye imikhiqizo, efana nokuzula ubisi noma inyama, salmonella akuyona nje ulondoloze, kodwa futhi uphindaphinde.

Kungani kukhona salmonellosis?

Umzila ezivamile ukutheleleka womuntu Salmonella - imikhiqizo itheleleke. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Salmonella eziphilayo e ukudla okunobuthi akusho uguqule ukubukeka kwayo futhi ukunambitheka. Ukutheleleka imikhiqizo yezilwane (amaqanda, inyama) kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene:

• uma engafanele noma inkanuko yobulili uhlabe izilwane;
• ephula imithetho imikhiqizo isitoreji kanye nokulungiselela ukudla (isib, uma kuthintwa imikhiqizo isiqediwe futhi inyama eluhlaza);
• ukushisa iphathwa imikhiqizo ababuthakathaka (steaks ngegazi kanye nokunye.);
• ngokusebenzisa amaqanda izinkukhu ezigulayo, ikakhulukazi amaqanda nedada.

Imvelo evumayo kakhulu umsebenzi amagciwane kungukudla nge liquid futhi gel-efana ukungaguquguquki - aspic, okhilimu, salads. Kuba ukusetshenziswa kuyingozi ngokukhethekile phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo ezifudumele wale mikhiqizo: ngokusho izibalo, ehlobo, elangeni, tigameko salmonellosis kwandisa ezininginingi.

Kukhona izinhlobo eziningana zokugula:

• emathunjini (emathunjini)
• tifopodobnaya,
• ukonakala,
• asymptomatic,
• bacteriocarrier.

kwesisu

Le ndlela lesi sifo ezivamile. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngoba salmonellosis, izimpawu zako ngokushesha futhi elikhanyayo kakhulu - isikhathi lapho abantu ziye izinkontileka kakade, kodwa izimpawu zesifo okwamanje. Okokuqala, kukhona ngobuthakathaka ikhanda, isiyezi, imfiva, Ukugodola.

Ngokulandelayo, zikhona izimpawu lokuqala ipheshana yesisu - ubuhlungu esiswini ku inkaba; Ukuhlanza ne izinsalela ebonakalayo ukudla, futhi kamuva - ne Bile; Isifo sohudo ne indle ogqamile ne isikhwehlela. Kukhona futhi izimpawu futhi ukubonakaliswa okubonakalayo salmonellosis: olimini lesiguli livela ifilimu ezimhlophe, somile emlonyeni, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu ukuthi kwenzeka ku palpation.

Isifo sohudo ne emathunjini salmonellosis ifomu luthatha izinsuku eziningana futhi ngokuvamile has nemiphumela ebuhlungu: amanzi emzimbeni kwenzeka ukulahlekelwa nosawoti wamaminerali, isiguli singase wehlise blood pressure, futhi Ukudlikizela avele, ngezinye izikhathi ezithinta isimiso sezinzwa - kukhona nakwisyncope nesiyezi. Nge ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi isiguli kuba lula kakhulu ngosuku lwesihlanu, kodwa umuntu alulame ngokugcwele ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwesonto lesibili.

Tifopodobnaya namafomu ukonakala

Okuningi ezinzima isithombe emitholampilo kukhona tifopodobnaya namafomu ukonakala ka salmonellosis.

okufana kakhulu izimpawu zesisu-uhlobo zokugula kuyinto tifopodobnaya isifo. salmonellosis okunjalo (bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi indoda zibizwa futhi ngokuthi elele noma kufihlwe) ekuqaleni nazo libhekene ngobuthakathaka lokushisa komzimba okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo lesi sifo uyofana typhoid, umuntu has a eside (ngaphakathi ngesonto), imfiva, isiyezi kanye ukusangana kungenzeka. On lesiguli ukuqubuka esiswini, ulimi iba umbala grey ansundu, isikhumba kuba eliphaphathekile kakhulu, distension besisu kakhulu. Qedela yokutakula isiguli kule ndlela yokushumayela salmonella kwenzeka ngaphambili kuka ngemuva kwezinyanga 1-1.5 yokwelapha abanekhono.

ifomu Septic lesi sifo kubonakala kakhulu kuyaqabukela. Empeleni izimpawu zesifo kungavuka abantu buthaka omzimba, izinsana kanye nabantu asebekhulile. Lesi sifo kuhambisana imfiva isikhathi eside, ukujuluka kakhulu, i-jaundice, izinqubo ukuvuvukala kule ukwakheka kwezitho. Inkambo enjalo sifo ngokuvamile evala ekufeni.

ifomu Asymptomatic futhi bacteriocarrier

Asymptomatic kubhekwe uhlobo salmonellosis, lapho umzimba womuntu uthola inani elincane bacterium izivikeli mzimba ukuba babhekane bebodwa nezilwanyana ezincane angaphandle.

Bacteriocarrier ngokuthi isimo lapho umuntu ungaguli, kodwa salmonella e indle kwabanye isikhathi esithile (ngokuvamile abangeqile kwabathathu izinyanga).

Kwenzekani emzimbeni?

Salmonellosis iyakhiwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kusuka ngesikhathi sokungena kwegciwane emzimbeni womuntu. I 6-8 amahora lokuqala isifo akusho ukuzibonakalisa.

Salmonella, eba phakathi isisu nge ukudla, ihlangana endleleni yakhe yokuqala isithiyo yemvelo - isimo esidi, sibonga ngalo amabhaktheriya kunzima ukuhambisa ku. Nokho, uma mzimba Salmonella somzimba enganele ingena emathunjini amancane. Ingxenye amabhaktheriya bayabulawa, lapho endotoxin ikhishwe. Kuleli qophelo, umuntu has izinkomba ezisheshe zivele sifo.

Labo amagciwane kungukuthi abulawe, ukuze kuxazululwe emathunjini amancane futhi ukuhlasela nodonga lwawo, ngaleyo ndlela ukuzihlalela le ubuthi. ukulahlekelwa Water kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa emathunjini, kuthinta isimiso sezinzwa, kahle ithoni semithambo. Salmonella kancane kancane ezikhishwe egazini ngayo nefunda ngayo zasakazekela umzimba futhi ukungena izinso, emaphashini, izindlala zamanzi, ubende, lapho imali.

Esimeni lapho amasosha omzimba sinamandla, isinyathelo esilandelayo ubulawa Salmonella, kungenjalo kukhona kumiswa izilonda fresh ukuvuvukala - liphetheni ukuthuthukiswa typhoid noma ukonakala ifomu egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

It is ukuthi kuyingozi kakhulu izingane salmonellosis ezaziwayo. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ezinganeni kuyafana e abadala, kodwa ezimweni eziningi lesi sifo ukwelashwa nzinyana futhi more xaka. Njengoba izingane zikhula ke kuyaqina namasosha omzimba futhi ezifweni ukuba Salmonella abahlukene encishisiwe.

ukuhlola

Ukuxilongwa Salmonella kuqala ngokuhlola sangaphandle isiguli. Doctor elungisa izimpawu ukuthi kungase kubonise khona izifo kubantu, ichaza isimo jikelele impilo, uqoka cwaningo bacteriological futhi serology. Njengoba ukwaziswa isetshenziswe kuphela egazi noma omchamo, kodwa futhi vomitus, indle, Bile, amanzi esiswini etholwe inqubo egeza.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla Ofanele salmonellosis Liyindawo ezibalulekile, njengoba Ukuqalwa ngasekupheleni yokwelashwa enganikezi abantu ukululama ngokugcwele, futhi isimo sokugembula ngokuvamile kudinga ifomu ezinzima futhi kungaholela ekwakhiweni ukuvuvukala esiswini (peritonitis), amalunga omzimba (polyarthritis) noma kubangele ukushaqeka anobuthi.

Ukuze ukwelashwa okufanele isetshenziswe ngokushesha ngokushesha nje lapho kuqala salmonellosis esolwa (inkathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni). Ukwelashwa lesi sifo ngokuvamile kwenzeka njengoba esibhedlela. Esibhedlela e salmonellosis into ozikhethela wena. Nokho, esibhedlela ukhonjiswa izingane, asebekhulile, abasebenzi kule mboni ukudla, kanye ifomu ezinzima zalesi sifo.

ukwelashwa

ukwelashwa salmonellosis kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa izindawo eziningana:

• ukwelashwa elwa namagciwane ngoba Salmonella okulawula;
• rehydration izixazululo ngu ezikhethekile ukubuyisela ivolumu uketshezi elahlekile sohudo kanye nokuhlanza;
• amalungiselelo medicated ngempumuzo yenqubo ukudakwa;
• ukubuyiselwa microflora emathunjini;
• ukunamathela uhlobo olukhethekile lokudla ekudleni;
• izinyathelo okubuyisela.

In ekulweni amagciwane usebenzisa izidakamizwa ethathwe penicillin ne fluoroquinolones. Ngoba Salmonella ifa ikhono ngokushesha ukujwayela imithi elwa namagciwane, ukusetshenziswa nezinye izidakamizwa ezifana tetracyclines futhi aminoglycosides ngokuvamile kungagcini. Kukhona umthetho owawuthi imithi ngokweqile zifana nokuthela hhayi iqondiswa ngesikhathi sibi lesi sifo, kanye uma kungekho igazi kuso.

Ukuze ongaqeda imiphumela lokudakwa usebenzisa chelators ezifana carbon isebenze, "Enterosgel," "Polisorb". antispasmodics ukusiza ukususa ubuhlungu syndrome ( "Cha-Spa").

Uma iminyaka yobudala isukela we vala nesineke asebekhulile, kanye uma umlando izifo ukwethula esiswini noma emathunjini, edonsa enzyme amalungiselelo ezifana "Pancreatin" noma "zemikhosi" Kunconywa.

Lokubaluleke kakhulu ukubuyiselwa ivolumu elahlekile oketshezini lomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho ukudicilela ewusizo ukusebenzisa izithelo iziphuzo, izithelo iziphuzo, itiye ababuthakathaka.

Ngokuhlanganyela yokwelapha izidakamizwa ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa zokupheka of imithi yendabuko. Ezinsukwini zokuqala ye-ejenti sifo esetshenzisiwe equkethe tannins, - garnet ensundu, zasendle cherry amajikijolo, esihlahleni se-okhi amagxolo. Kamuva amathuluzi ngenhla, ungakwazi ukwengeza ethola amakhambi eqeda ukuvuvukala - Calendula, chamomile, strawberry zasendle, sage.

Ukudla salmonellosis

Lokubaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni salmonellosis kuyinto Ukudla. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zesifo ayifakiwe ekudleni ubisi nemikhiqizo yalo.

Isiguli is contraindicated ukudla okuyinto uzabalaza umphumela kuyacasula ku pheshana emathunjini: imikhiqizo, ayegcwele Imicu yotshani indawo, fibre; nokudla okusemathinini; ukhukhamba; ukudla okubabayo futhi ethosiwe. Lesi isilinganiso kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi ukwelashwa hhayi kuphela, kodwa ngemva kwenyanga yokutakula.

imikhiqizo akhishiwe inkanuko izinqubo yokubola kwamazinyo elibi emathunjini. Lezi zihlanganisa imifino, izithelo, carbs okusheshayo - Muffin, ngezimpahla nezitini.

Kungenjalo, isiguli Kunconywa ukuba asebenzise isobho defatted (isib pureed imifino), inyama steamed noma inhlanzi mafutha; amaqanda soft-abilisiwe noma omelet; iphekwé ngamanzi, kunokuba ubisi wokudla, izaqheqhe, alinganisiwe - ibhotela; crackers; jelly; compote of izithelo ezomisiwe, itiye.

Endabeni ibele is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba ayeke usana isifo.

izinyathelo

Ukuvimbela salmonellosis kuziwa abagcina imithetho elula yibo bonke abantu:

1. Awukwazi ukudla inyama ongazange lidlule kokulawulwa izinsizakalo zezempilo ezifanele.
2. Inyama kumelwe babe sesimeni ukufudumeza ukwelashwa amahora okungenani amabili lapho ilungiselela nxenye ezinkulu.
3. Ayikwazi ingagxila amaqanda duck okuluhlaza - kumele kubiliswe okungenani ngekota yehora.
4. Ngaphambi kokwenza i omelet, amaqanda kufanele wageza. Ngemva manipulation egg shell izandla kufanele kahle bahlanza.
5. Ekhishini kumele babe amabhodi okungenani ezimbili ahlabayo - elilodwa inyama, kwesibili - nazo zonke ezinye.
6. Ungagcini esiqandisini, inyama eluhlaza eduze kweminye imikhiqizo.
7. Ukuze ukuphuza kanye nokugeza izithelo uthepha kuphela (noma ibilisiwe) amanzi angasetshenziswa.
8. Nqamula ku isizini efudumele kumele avunyelwe kule nsimu, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi batheleleke nge-salmonella, ungiphuzise amanzi kwesigubhu ngesikhathi ebhukuda.
9. Izingane zisengozini, ngoba izindawo okuvikela umzimba somntwana buthaka kunalowo omdala. Umsebenzi abazali - ukufundisa ingane zakho ukuphathwa efanele izilwane nezinyoni.

Ngakho, kungenzeka ukuba afingqe konke okungenhla. Kulesi sihloko sibuyekeze amaphuzu ayinhloko mayelana salmonella - emathunjini isifo esibangelwa igciwane, salmonella.

Njengoba i-ejenti causative of sifo udle ukudla, futhi lomuntu onegciwane noma isilwane, kufanele ziqashwe eduze ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi esikudlayo nendlela esiziphatha ngayo emphakathini futhi ezifuywayo.

Izinto kwaba sobala ukuthi le imithi uyazi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ezithathwe salmonella. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni, kubangela lokugula e abadala nezingane ngokufanayo, kodwa nzima izingane ahlupheke salmonellosis. Lokhu kungenxa izici of omzimba zezingane.

Ngu ekwelapheni lesi sifo kufanele ingasetshenziswa ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa salmonellosis - multicomponent okuhloswe ngaso ezobopha umsebenzi njengoba amabhaktheriya emzimbeni, kanye nokubuyiselwa impilo emva amanzi emzimbeni neziyaluyalu we microflora emathunjini ngenxa yesifo sohudo, ukuhlanza, ukushisa komzimba.