Reshevskiy Samuweli - chess prodigy kwekhulu XX

Reshevsky Samuweli - American chess Grandmaster ngokwe-International Chess Association, izikhathi eziyishumi nanhlanu chess iqhawe United States of America (1936-1944, 1946-1948, 1969-1972), a inselele amaningi sesihloko Champions zezwe ngokuvumelana nengxenye yokuqala yekhulu XX, futhi elalidume kunawo wonke chess prodigy iplanethi.

USamuweli Reshevsky: chess biography

Reshevsky wazalwa Novemba 26, 1911 emzini Ozorków (Poland), ngaphambili esisogwini Insimu Empire Russian. USamuweli Ros e emkhayeni wamaJuda nesizotha, lapho eseneminyaka Ingane yabo yesithupha. Ukuba zisezincane, Reshevsky waqala ukufunda chess. Ngezinye kweminyaka emibili ubudala, wasuka ngesibindi izingcezu phezu chessboard, ukudlala noyise. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-amane, ekugcineni kahle imithetho yalo mdlalo kanye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama yayo, yena waba esalwa abadlali esiqine kuleli dolobha. Lapho lo mkhaya uthuthela Lodz, abasha chess amathalenta uSamuweli wabona Grandmaster abadumile Polish Georg zenkolo. Kusukela manje, ingane prodigy encane abaqeqeshiwe kanye amakhosi eziqine futhi ngenkuthalo ithatha ingxenye edolobheni chess imincintiswano.

Reshevsky aseqala enkundleni ngamazwe esenzeka eneminyaka eyisithupha, lapho ithuba iqhaza umqhudelwano chess Vienna (Austria). USamuweli izimbangi babe amakhosi esiqine jikelele umunyu sobala ekudleni chess, ngokuthi bazonqoba. Nokho, iphuzu ukwehluleka Lo mfana omncane wabe ngokushesha yaba ngokuthukuthela nangokufutheka badideke - umntwana beat Umphikisi ngamunye. Omunye walaba ohlanganyela kule midlalo - eziqine chess master of Vienna Wolf evutha lokulwa umoya, befuna ukushaya umfana. Ngaphambi umdlalo nge Reshevsky wathi: "Lolu hlobo bokukhohlisa ngokumelene nami ngeke isebenze!", Kodwa futhi wazithola esephelelwe umsebenzi - umfana ngokuqiniseka sokukhwelana inkosi yakhe. Okulandelayo chess ukuhlolwa sasimelene Grandmaster Slovenian Milan Vidmar, lapho uSamuweli ukulwa esindayo eziyisithupha wahlulwa. Umfana alwa ngenhlonipho amahora ambalwa, lonke iqembu, wayemi ngamadolo akhe, ngoba esenziwa ekukhuleni kwayo namanje ongaphakeme ayikwazanga ngokugcwele etafuleni chess.

USamuweli Reshevsky: chess prodigy

Ukunikela ngaso sonke yakhe khulula isikhathi ukudlala, lo mfana akazange athole imfundo esikoleni, kusobala kunabayeni isimo bokusungula ontanga yabo. Ngesikhathi eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, uSamuweli lidlule test seMfundvo Jikelele nekuCeceshwa Wezingane, eyabonisa ukuthi ingane ingavumi abone umehluko phakathi kwezinkolelo-gorilla nengonyama. Zonke lezi amaphutha abangu offset iqiniso lokuthi Reshevsky, kuyilapho ingane encane lalingabulawa kalula ukuxazulula puzzle ezinzima, okuyinto edangalisayo ngisho abanye abadala. Ngokuhlangana chess ithalente, ngaphandle ukuthopha ngokungadingekile nobuzenzisi yayibizwa ngokuthi i-prodigy.

Ukukhumbula esengumntwana, uSamuweli Reshevsky wagomela ukuthi lapho ngineminyaka eyisithupha ubudala chess ngaye ukuba abe uhlobo umoya esibalulekile, nokwenzeka ezingeni reflex ngaphandle kwesidingo umzamo oqotho.

Early udumo ngamazwe Samuweli Reshevsky

Chess ithalente ingane ngokushesha nangokuqhubeka yathuthukiswa, futhi kakade 1920 Reshevskiy Samuweli kuhambo emhlabeni, chess. ngonyaka Nine ixhegu wakwazi khombisa emakhono abo chess Paris, London, Vienna nase-Berlin. Emzini ngamunye, kube Samuweli akhule abe yiqhawe Okuyınqo, ulwa nezitha grey-bearded darnel. Basambatheka izethameli baphelezela abasha ithalente eziningi ihlombe nehlombe. Sonke akaphenduli in ekhanda lami, ukuthi umdlali ezincane ezifana uyakwazi ukushaya amakhosi emhlabeni futhi grandmasters. Phakathi "chess" travel Reshevsky Samuweli wachitha imidlalo 23, 4 nokuyinto eyaphela ngo-draw, futhi lonke usindiso kumhambela.

Ingane eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ngokumelene nkampani wazibonela Ongoti chess

Ukubuka inqubekela phambili Sammy, abazali baqala ukubona ukuthi amathalenta wengane kungaletha umndeni imali eningi. Ngo-1921 umkhaya wathuthela US, lapho ngokushesha kakhulu nabazali ahlele chess uhambo kuleli zwe. Kusasele iminyaka engaba mibili Reshevsky uhambela emadolobheni nezinye kufakazela ukuthi akalingani namuntu phezu chessboard. Omunye Sammy abasha sathola ithuba ukudlala ngokumelene abadlali best in the Military Academy, lapho kwasho lokunqoba 19 amaqoqwana ka 20 kudlalwa imidlalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, prodigy ingane labetibambile nemibukiso kanyekanye yeshashalazi kanye eziyinxanxathela ezifundeni eziningana. Ngo-1922, lo mfana ithatha ingxenye kulo mqhudelwano Masters, okuyinto walwa GM Davidom Yanovskim, umdlalo yaphela ngukunqoba Reshevsky.

Isikhathi siphelile for imfundo

Emva kokuqeda i-hambo, chess abazali kaSamuweli wafinyelela esiphethweni ayezidinga ukuze uthole okusezingeni eliphezulu imfundo esikoleni - ingane eneminyaka engu-12 ubudala okokuqala iya esikoleni. Kube akufundayo ukufunda nokubhala, abakhwelwe kokukwazi jikelele. Phakathi ukuqeqesha guy akusho iqhaza chess imincintiswano, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile ezibophezele simul. Chess zomphakathi umzuzwana akhohlwe ubuhlakani bakhe.

Sammy ukhumbuza yena ngo-1927 ngokusebenzisa onengxenye ubuqhawe chess of oGwini oluseNtshonalanga ye-United States. The guy Liye lashaya zonke futhi! USamuweli wafika sethabe ngaphandle ukunqotshwa draw. Ngo-1929 waba umfundi Reshevsky Economic University e Detroit, lapho amukelwa khona degree "Accounting". Lapha iphela indaba futhi prodigy - Reshevsky USamuweli uyakhula chess.