Pericardium: isithombe, isakhiwo, imisebenzi, izifo, ukwelashwa. Pericardium - a ...

Kukangaki sizwa ukuthi umuntu unenhliziyo embi, kodwa kuyaqabukela baqonde ukuthi lisengozini. Izifo ezihlobene esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, setha. Futhi zonke yavama izincazelo okungacaci ne amatemu. Ngokwesibonelo, pericardium. Kuyini, iphi ke elise futhi lokho ukuhlupheka?

Uyini pericardium?

Okokuqala, kufanele siqonde ukuthi lisengozini. Pericardium - a pericardium, okuyinto iyisonto hhayi kuphela inhliziyo kodwa futhi izitsha pericardial. IZwi lafika kwezokwelapha kusukela ngolimi lwesiGreki. Ngokwezwi nezwi lisho - "emhlabeni inhliziyo." Abanye odokotela ushayele pericardium ihembe pericardial. Empeleni, kuba yangaphandle ulwelwesi lwesisu, kwenze inhliziyo we ezicutshini.

Ngokusho isakhiwo yayo le pericardium - esikhwameni avaliwe, okusikhumbuza Isigaxa ufushanisiwe. Kubantu abadala, base yayo emincane amanga beso, beyizidalwa eziphakeme kunazo ububanzi esekelwe aorta unyuka. Yonke isikhwama yakhiwa amashidi ezimbili, enye yazo parietal, ukuthi ibizwa ngokuthi pericardium. Esesibili - a visceral, okungukuthi epicardium.

Isakhiwo kwakwakhe we pericardium. Lapha izingqimba ezimbili: fibrous serous kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle. ungqimba fibrous yakhiwa obukhulu izicubu fibrous ukuthi ihlanganisa inhliziyo wedlula ebhuthini yamaphaphu kanye yamaphaphu emithanjeni umlomo. ungqimba Serosal siqukethe izicubu obukhulu zezinzwa, imbozwe epithelium squamous. Nezicubu serosal ekhiqizwa uketshezi oluthile ukugcwalisa igebe phakathi amashidi we pericardium kanye epicardium. Lokhu igrisi zemvelo obusiza ukuhilizisana. I pericardium omdala onempilo womuntu iqukethe cishe 25 ml ketshezi. Ngakho, isakhiwo kungenxa nokugcinwa ingcindezi pericardium kwezicubu kokwenza umsebenzi ukwesekwa, okuyinto evimbela ngokweqile esisuka zenhliziyo. liquid yezihlanganisi amashidi kunciphisa ukuxabana ekunciphiseni umzimba.

Pericarditis. definition

Ukwephula isakhiwo kanye ukusebenza pericardium libizwa pericarditis. Kuyinto ukuvuvukala ezenzeka izicubu sac pericardial. Ngoba pericardium - kuyingxenye ebalulekile uhlelo enempilo zenhliziyo, iyiphi izinqubo sokugembula ayingozi kubantu.

Ngenxa ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi komgodi kukhona ukunqwabelana exudate ketshezi. Lokhu kuholela kokucindezelwa wenhliziyo ukuthi kukwenza ungakwazi lo ukudonsa evamile wegazi. Ngokusho isakhiwo se-exudate kuyinto ezimbili zama. Kungaba serous noma ubovu, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo kokunqotshwa kwe pericardium.

Inkinga eyinhloko iziguli lesi sifo kunzima ukuxilonga. Ngo izifo zenhliziyo, odokotela ukusungula lokhu ukuxilongwa kuphela 0.5% of amacala. Nokho, wezibalo, kusukela pericarditis nozifela 5% cores. Bangaphezu kuka-80% amacala okutholakala ukuthi banesifo sochoko emva kwesidumbu.

ngezigaba Medical

Pericarditis ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko. Izifo pericardium bungabi uhlamvu ezithathelwanayo, kube aseptic noma idiopathic.

Imbangela pericarditis ezithathelwanayo kungaba isifo sofuba, isipatsholo, ugcunsula, uhudo. Futhi acabangele izilonda bungavami webhaktheriya, ezifana nekholera, i-typhoid futhi yalesisifo.

Izenzo aseptic pericarditis nobuntu izifo rheumatism, isilethikusebenza, isifo sokuvuvukala kwemithambo yomthambo i-aorta. Futhi, imbangela kungase kube ukuhlukumezeka nokuhlinzwa. Njengabangaqondakali njengoba kuzwakala, kodwa sengathi zokugula kungadalwa izifo extracardiac, ezifana nenyumoniya, perforation ngomphimbo nabanye. Aseptic isifo pericardial kungase kuhambisane umdlavuza igazi izimila abulalayo kwezinye izitho. Ngezinye izikhathi umfutho iba yokungezwani komzimba imithi noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe.

pericarditis Idiopathic livela engaziwa. Ukuze uthole ukuthi imbangela yenkinga ethile ayinakwenzeka.

Kutfutfukiswa pericarditis (ifomu esithathelanayo)

Indlela elula ukuhlonza pericarditis, lakhula isizinda nezifo ezithelelwanayo angase azithole. Kulokhu, kwabangela izinqubo mzimba emzimbeni ukulwa namagciwane. Ukuchayeka Amagciwane ku izicubu kanye izitho kwandisa permeability of ulwelwesi semithambo. izingxenye Liquid ayegcwele igazi ekunqandeni, uthola ngemuva sac pericardial. Lokhu kushintsha indlela yokwakheka uketshezi lubricating kule ingaphakathi esikhwameni, kwephula izicubu pericardial, turning kube isibazi. Isigaba sokuqala sale sifo - pericarditis ezomile. Eyesibili esiteji - ingcina, lapho kukhona ukuvuvukala kanye nezibazi.

Izimpawu esigabeni sokuqala

Ukuze ubone udokotela, iziguli ezinemishini pericarditis ezomile esekhala ubuhlungu enhliziyweni. Ubuhlungu anezici zabo:

1. Kusukela yaqala ukuba khona ngo amahora ambalwa ukwanda ubuhlungu. Uhlobo kanye ukushuba ubuhlungu kusuka eduze ezibuthakathaka babulawa. Kungaba ukuchazwa njengomuntu esintinyelayo, esivuthayo noma ezicindezelayo.
2. kuphakama emizweni Buhlungu ngemuva sternum, in the ikhwapha ngakwesokunxele, epigastric. Batinikela entanyeni noma kwesokudla quadrant engenhla futhi isisu.
3. Ubuhlungu kwandisa lapho udonsa umoya, bezama ukugwinya ukudla noma amathe, ukukhwehlela, ukunyakaza.
4. Ubuhlungu kuyehla uma goba phambili noma lala ngohlangothi sakhe sokunene ukudonsa imilenze yakho insaliwe.

Kuyinto Indlela ukuthi ubuhlungu akasabeli reception "nitroglycerin", kodwa kunciphisa kusukela amaphilisi ezinhlungu.

exudative

Njengoba isifo pericardial eba ngaphakathi pericardium iqala buthelela uketshezi noma ubomvu. Kulesi sigaba, kukhona imfiva, iphika, isifuba esomile lapho esifubeni yobunzima, hiccups, cyanosis futhi edema.

ukwelashwa

Kuye ukuma Yiqiniso lesi sifo, iziguli ebekiwe analgesics, izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala futhi izindlela asekelayo. eboniswe Futhi kukhona ukwakhiwa magnesium kanye potassium.

Lapho imithi ngokweqile zifana nokuthela ungeze ubovu izinqubo imodi ezahlukene zokuphatha. Lokhu kungaba ngomlomo, emthanjeni noma ipayipi ku esifundeni pericardial. Ubovu exudate kudinga ukususwa.

Kwezinye izimo, liqoke pericardium wokubhoboza. Lapho ukuvuvukala kudingeka ahlinzwe inhliziyo.