Paracel Islands yaziwa ngokuthanda lokho? isithombe

I-South China Sea ichibi olulodwa iziqhingi eziningi namazwe yezwekazi indlela emsebenzini waseMpumalanga naseNingizimu-East Asia. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu futhi ube indaba ezahlukene. Okubaluleke kakhulu yiwona Paracel Islands, isithombe ozokwethulwa ngezansi. Kamuva esihlokweni incazelo yalezi zindawo. Iphinde kwavela njengoba edume Paracel Islands.

indawo

Paracel Islands kukhona indawo lingenamuntu, esakhiwa izindawo ezweni futhi izixhobo encane. Basuke etholakala 230 km kusuka engxenyeni eseningizimu China, futhi amakhilomitha angu-200 ababevela endaweni esempumalanga eVietnam. Izindawo ezinkulu zihlanganisa Paracel Islands amayelana. Patlakh obakhathalelayo. Lincoln. futhi mayelana nokuba uhlu lwezinhlelo zabo. Triton futhi Islands Crescent. Paracel Islands, iholide engesiyo njengoba othandwayo kwezinye izindawo ezifanayo ube ukubaluleka ukwamukeleka ngaphandle kokungatshazwa zamasu.

izingxabano

Ngo-1974, China ehlasela Paracel Islands. Kulokhu, ilungelo babo namanje uphikise Vietnam Republic of China. Kusukela ngo-1975, iNyakatho neNingizimu Vietnam sasimunye. Lokhu kwenzeke ngemva kwempi. Ngaleso sikhathi, South Vietnam, wasala engasenabo US ukwesekwa, wayengasakwazi ukuqhubeka nokulwa. Ngemva kokuhlanganiswa Vietnam walahlekelwa Paracel Islands.

Spratly Islands. indawo

Lezi ziqhingi ziyashisa iqoqo leziqhingi we South China Sea, okuyinto yakhiwa engaphezu kwekhulu encane iziqhingi, iziqhingi, zamakhorali, kanye nezinto zitholakala eningizimu-esentshonalanga. Le ndawo Imininingwane eziqhingi imayelana 5 amakhilomitha square.

Zokubaluleka States

Ngokutholakala iziqhingi bayehluleka emazweni ayisithupha nje. Lezi zihlanganisa i-Vietnam, i-China, Malaysia, ePhilippines, Brunei ne-Taiwan. Naphezu indawo encane, leli qoqo leziqhingi kubaluleke kakhulu lezi uthi. Yethula ensimini ka, uwoyela negesi, lapho isamba esikhulu. Ngenxa yokuntuleka sabantu umhlali, bajwayele njengoba endaweni yokudoba. Mayelana ayisihlanu iziqhingi elalihlala zamabutho empi eVietnam, Malaysia, ePhilippines, China ne-Taiwan. Nakuba esifundeni ayinakho nezimbobo futhi emathekwini, it has ezine sezindiza.

Ukulandelana kwezenzakalo ngokohlelo lwezikhathi

Ngo 1529 iziqhingi Spratly yaba yizwe of Spain (ngo iSivumelwano Zaragoza). Ngo 1898 baqala ukuba nibe ngabakaJesu United States wokuqala, bese - ePhilippines. It etshengisa iSivumelwano Paris. Ngo-1927, umkhumbi French kwenziwa ukufunda iziqhingi. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, wathatha uhambo lwesibili lwenziwe ngumbuso esifanayo, ngenxa okwenza amhlophe ifulege yeFrance. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, ahambise uhlu lwezikhalazo wathunyelwa kokubusa French of China, lapho ubukhosi iziqhingi Spratly zisekelwe incazelo Chinese yesivumelwano. Waboshwa ngemva kwempi phakathi France neChina. Ngo-1933 ayeyithathile ukulawula ezinye iziqhingi elikhulu imikhumbi emithathu. Kulokhu, kule ndawo kwakuhlala kubhekwe kweFrance. Nokho, Japan, bakhomba khona idlanzana leziqhingi kwe-phosphate izimayini zayo, ngaleyo ndlela kwalenza langabazeka ubukhosi. kuye kwazanywa ngesisekelo salokhu ukuthatha indawo engaphansi kwe-Japanese, kodwa France ne-United Kingdom ukubeka phambili umbhikisho ngalokhu. Ngo-1941, Japan senziwa umsebenzi walesi siqhingi, kokulawulwa okuyinto sasisekelwa kuze kube sekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II. Ngemva kwalokho, France kanye China waphinda wafaka up yesimangalo ensimini, futhi China ngisho ithunyelwe akuxhomekile wezempi. Ngo-1982, kwaba khona indawo uxhumano ezihlasela lezi ziqhingi njalo sifundazwe Fukhan Namanje kwezinye izindawo matasa Philippines. Ngemva konyaka, uhulumeni Malaysia lusekelwe. Layang-Layang base yemikhumbi yempi resort livuliwe, pre-bangazihluphi zensimu. Ngo-1988, kwaba khona impi phakathi amabutho China nase-Vietnam, kodwa China iwine ke, lwaqhubeka ukulawula ndawo. Ngo-1995 waqala izingxoxo olubanzi lezi ezimbili uthi, isihloko owawungumnyaka ukuthuthukiswa Imininingwane izinsiza alahlwayo kulezi ziqhingi. Ngo-2004, phezu kwendawo amanzi zonke kuleli qoqo leziqhingi of the Philippines badutshulwe ezindizeni. Vietnam ukwakha isikhumulo sezindiza, ngaleyo ndlela ekwandiseni khona yayo izivakashi. Futhi ngonyaka ozayo emva kwamenyezelwa sovereignty Vietnamese phezu Spratly Islands.

Ukungqubuzana kwezinhloso China nase-Vietnam

Paracel Islands e Hainan akuyona kuphela isikhubekiso phakathi China nase-Vietnam. Kukhona ukungqubuzana mayelana umngcele umhlaba. Ngo-1979, emva ukudamba amabutho Chinese kusukela engxenyeni esenyakatho-Vietnam, China oye wakwazi ukuthola ukusizakala kwezinye izindawo kuleli zwe. China has ezifakwa abalulekile hydrocarbon, kodwa labantu ezahlukene, okulingana abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane 1. Yiqiniso, yena waba ngokudabukisayo ubone ukuthi amanye amazwe amancane babe iholo aluthola umkhiqizo kawoyela. Vietnam, esikhundleni salokho, akazange ufuna ukumema China ukubamba iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni imali yayo. Ngo abezindaba yakhe wanyathelisa izihloko yokushisekela izwe ukuthi niphathe ukuzivikela nobuqhawe we Spratly Islands futhi esimisweni sabo samanje. IChina ngempela ngabomvu lezi zindawo ukuze siwathole elisekela lwabo oluhle ngemikhumbi yempi.

zezivumelwano zokuthula

Kepha ecaleni lomthetho mayelana nodaba, eVietnam futhi China ziyadingeka ukuze balandele-UN Convention, eyamukelwa ngo-1982. Kufanele acabangele ASEAN Declaration, esenziwa ngo-2002, ngokuyisisekelo elisemandleni isinqumo elinokuthula yezingxabano phakathi South China Sea. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izenzo uhlamvu ngamazwe. Kunengqondo ukuthi kufanele acacise, kodwa ukudida isimo nakakhulu. ukuqashelwa International wajabulela Geneva sivumelwano ku Vietnam, okuyinto zenziwa 1954. Ngokusho imiphumela yabo emazweni amabili yasungulwa: Vietnam Republic of Vietnam. Lesi sakamuva ingeyamakhosi Paracel Islands kanye Spratly ziqhingi.

isihloko mlando

China ungibelesela ngokuthi kungaba ubambe zonke iziqhingi South China Sea. I sisho 1958, lapho Pham Van Dong, ngesikhathi Undunankulu wase Vietnam, China wavuma ngoba leli lungelo. Nokho, lokhu kugcine ayinaso isiqinisekiso sokuphumelela, nakuba ngempela ebalulekile. Isitatimende ayizange uMongameli Vietnam, okungukuthi, lapho sinikezwe la mandla. Ngakho-ke, le dokhumenti alikwazi kubhekwe njengendlela inkontileka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ilungelo mlando kule nsimu zibe nzima kakhulu ngenxa indawo yayo akude nokungawuvivinyi womuntu kuso isikhathi eside. Nokho, imibhalo ye-uhambo amatilosi evela eVietnam kulezi ziqhingi namanje walondoloza. Kususelwa kubo, singenza ukuvakashelwa wonyaka archipelagos ka ngetinhloso letehlukene, ezisukela khona Nguyen Dynasty. China ngokuphambene ayinakho ubufakazi navigation yakhe. Ukukhethwa ukusetshenziswa iziqhingi bemikhumbi njengendawo yokukhosela. Ukuze China, ngaphandle isicelo Pham Van Dong, kunesinye agumenti ukuthi izazi-mlando kufanele babonise ukuthi babengewona hhayi pirates, futhi enokuthula amatilosi Chinese. Ubudlelwano phakathi Vietnam China abe umlingisi spasmodic. Sebefudumele ke futhi sisimamiswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, China olandela akuyona senzo friendly, ezihlobene imikhumbi Vietnamese. Isibonelo salokhu ukunquma ikhebula Vietnam isitsha lokuhlola amanzi, okuyinto eyenziwa kwesimo endaweni imisebenzi eNingizimu China Sea. Lesi sigameko senzeke ngo-2011.