OSI imodeli

Iqembu ochwepheshe ngo-1978, OSI isungule ejwayelekile. Kubhekwe imodeli OSI akuyona umuntu inethiwekhi ejwayelekile. Lokhu izifanekiso lewebhu ngezimo inombolo ethile amazinga, lapho bonke bakhuluma izinhlelo okwakha. Le modeli ichaza izinhlobo inethiwekhi imisebenzi, ezihlinzekwa ngezindinganiso ezahlukene. Ayisikhombisa ungqimba OSI imodeli inethiwekhi, ungase uthi, "Standard Standard". Amazinga yalesi imodeli zichaziwe ngezansi.

1. Physical

Isendlalelo inethiwekhi imodeli OSI buyisigaba aphansi. He is obangela Izakhiwo zanoma inethiwekhi, okungukuthi, ikhebula uhlobo, ikhebula obuphelele, uhlobo nezixhumi ezisetshenziswa amadivayisi zokuxhumana, njll Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lokhu ungqimba unesibopho nemingcele kagesi amasignali ukuthi uhlelo isebenzisa ukuthumela idatha phakathi ISIZINDA e inethiwekhi. mkhosi Ordinary isetshenziswa zibonisa uhlelo kanambambili: 0, 1.

2. Idatha Xhumanisa Layer

Isigaba lapho izingcezu Imininingwane babelwa amagugu isethi, ngokuthi isixhumanisi idatha ungqimba imodeli OSI. alolu izindinganiso okufanele ifaka idatha ubukhulu ngayinye amaphakethe idatha ethunyelwe, esebenzisa inkulumo, zisetshenziswa ukudlulisela iphakethe eya endaweni oyifunayo, futhi kanjani ukuze uxazulule ukuthumela idatha kanyekanye kusukela ISIZINDA amaningi. Iphinde ivikela uhlelo kusuka amaphutha.

3. imodeli inethiwekhi OSI: Network Layer

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanethiwekhi ukuxhumana ne iphakethe ewachitha Imininingwane sifana ungqimba inethiwekhi phakathi izinhlelo. Uma usebenza naye awudingi ukucabanga mayelana umehluko izindinganiso phakathi izinhlelo uxhumano at isixhumanisi idatha kanye namazinga ngokomzimba.

4. Imodeli inethiwekhi OSI: Ezokuthutha Layer

Lwenza kusebenzisana ama-computers amabili kunethiwekhi. imisebenzi yaso zihlanganisa ukuqashwa kukaNksz ngamunye amakheli computer kanye nokuphathwa ukuxhumana phakathi ISIZINDA.

5. Imodeli inethiwekhi OSI: session ungqimba

Leli zinga isetshenziswa ukuze bakwazi ukusungula session ukuxhumana phakathi ISIZINDA ezahlukene. Yena unesibopho ukuvumelanisa imisebenzi ezisebenzayo kumakhompyutha ehlukile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, idala amaphuzu control evumela ukulungiswa amaphutha ungathumeli yonke idatha okwesibili, bese uphinda ukudluliswa ulwazi kusuka control iphuzu, esiqubukile kusukela iphutha itholiwe.

6. Imodeli inethiwekhi OSI: ungqimba isethulo

Lesi sendlalelo unesibopho ukuguqulela ulwazi luthunyelwe inethiwekhi komunye format olunye uhlobo. Leli zinga unalo ikhono ngemfihlo idatha sisendleleni, kanye decrypting ekulungiseleleni engeyokuqala oyifunayo.

Layer 7. Isicelo

OSI imodeli It inezinga eliphakeme - ungqimba isicelo, esinikela zokuxhumana izicelo nge uhlelo inethiwekhi. Ngamagama alula, it unesibopho sokuthola izinhlelo inethiwekhi. Ngesisekelo ungqimba isicelo wenziwa izinhlelo umsebenzi enikeza ukufinyelela kwi-Inthanethi (iziphequluli), avumele exchange of idatha (FTP-amaklayenti amaseva) ukushintshashintsha imiyalezo electronic (e-mail amaklayenti) , njalo njalo.