"Okthoba 19". Ukuhlaziya inkondlo. dweba zomlando

umyalo ovela ka-Alexander I, 19 (31) ka-October endaweni yabadla izambane likaPondo Petersburg, e Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum wavulwa. Lolu suku lugujwa abathweswe iziqu zalo, ngubani njalo uya "Lyceum kwakusihlwa." Lezi izinkumbulo abazinikele imigqa olusankondlo A. S. Pushkina "Okthoba 19". Inkondlo ukuhlaziywa izobanjelwa ngezansi.

Mikhailovskoe

Kusukela ngo-August 1824, Pushkin wayeseGibithe ekudingisweni ngesikhathi impahla yakhe eduze Pskov. Wachitha-ke yedwa Ngeminyaka engaphezudlwana nje kwemibili.

Xhumanisa waphela ngo-September 1826. Okthoba 19, 1925 th imbongi bachitha njengoba utshela indaba esigaba sokuqala. Besuka komunye storey yakubo wayengumuntu ekhaya, ehlezi ehhovisi, e "yeseli edabukisayo" - by ncazelo imbongi, walunguza efasiteleni futhi ungene iphepha waya umugqa omncane uyakhathaza esigaba sokuqala, elichaza landscape elimangalisayo kwekwindla ngaphandle, kodwa lapho ngalolusuku akajabuli ngayo.

Hot iziko elicibilikile iwayini uyonika izikhathi ezimbalwa lokulibala yesizungu ngosuku njengale, lapho bonke abangane ndawonye idili ezivamile futhi uzwe ngoma elwayo amazwi abo, kokuphazamisa komunye nomunye. Konke lokhu nje ongacabanga ngokucacile imbongi. Okumangazayo szyvaet nezazimhlaba umcabango comrades olizungezile, ngokushesha liyabezwa ezizayo. Umphefumulo akalindele parish yabo ethandekayo. uyiqala kanjalo amabili mavesi lokuqala "Okthoba 19". Ukuhlaziywa kwe-inkondlo ekhuluma isizungu ebabayo yomuntu, ejwayele ubungani.

On the amabhange iNeva

30 abafana baye baba abangane eminyakeni eyisithupha cwaningo ngesikhathi Lyceum futhi wathembisa nomunye ngokuqinisekile uyohlangana ngonyaka ngosuku esenzeka ngalo wokuvula yayo. Kodwa umuntu kungaba isizathu lungaveli esidlweni ngalolu suku lalibe nesiqalo esihle. Lapha akukho kimi, uthi imbongi, futhi ubani alikafiki? Ubani lona aluzange lushabalale, uzama ukwethula. Uyazi kahle ukuthi wayengenakwenza Kinky Nikolay Korsakov. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, lapho umculi-umqambi washona ngo Florence. ithuna lakhe e-Italy, futhi ukuze uyithole, uma ngempela ukuthi kufanele ubhekephi, awukwazi indoda Russian. Akukho mazwi olulodwa Russian eqoshwe endaweni ingcwaba lakhe. Kulesi senzakalo, imbongi buhlanganisa ukudabuka ku 19 Okthoba. inkondlo ukuhlaziywa iyakufakazela lokhu.

Ubani hhayi?

Mayelana "Federnelke" - yayo sezulu Fedor Matyushkin - imbongi Muses. Labo Kwakunenye isidlaliso of "nokubhukuda ufuna" ungaphakathi ukuvakasha yezwe yesithathu.

Matyushkin wenze umsebenzi brilliant asolwandle ukuze ube Umkhuzi, kodwa akusho ayeka ukuba khona komuntu. Lapho wabulala Pushkin, wayeyokwazi isiphelelwe ithemba ukubuza M. L. Yakovleva, futhi bangaphambili Lyceum, njengoba kwenziwa? Futhi, kwephula Charter kuyonika ukuze wenze volley kusuka zonke izibhamu ngaphandle komkhumbi, ngaleso sikhathi wayala. Pushkin okusolakala esigaba lesithupha, ukuphila ayikashintshi at Fedora Fedorovicha Matyushkina Lyceum imikhuba. Usuku sawela ekuphileni kwamadoda amaningi angamaGreki isikhathi, ku 19 Okthoba. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-inkondlo utshela ngalokho elinikwe ukwazi imbongi, kodwa waba nomuzwa wokuthi inhliziyo yakhe nangawo wonke umphefumulo.

inyunyana ephelele

Ugxilile waphakade ngomdlandla kubonakala ekubeni wedwa imbongi Lyceum Union. Ubona yakhe mahhala futhi zokunganaki. Futhi nomaphi lapho bekhona - umhlaba wonke umuntu ongamazi, bomdabu kuphela Tsarskoye Selo. Futhi ubungane obusha njengoba ilandisa leli vesi 8, zingamanga futhi zihlala zikulungele ukwenza ukungathembeki. A. S. Pushkin libhekisele ukujwayelana kwakhe ne-Count - a hala, umgembuli ibhoklolo Fyodor Ivanovich UTolstoy, abasakaza eMoscow inhlebo ezingcolile mayelana mbongi abathunjwe eningizimu. Pushkin akubhala kamuva, wamangala ukuthi kungamboza ububi bakhe emhlabeni wonke. Futhi khumbula kwabamanga nomona "umngane" A. N. Raevsky, ngubani, bebona isithakazelo sazo mutual Pushkin no E. K. Vorontsovoy, nomona, wazama kanjani Pushkin Kukholakala ukuthi wathola yadingiselwa Mikhailovskoye. Kodwa izinkumbulo ebabayo uku ku imbongi ngeke. Phela, lokhu usuku 19 Okthoba. Uhlaziyo sizobonisa izinkondlo engcono ebonana.

Abavakashele imbongi

Yiqiniso, owokuqala kwenzakala Ivan Puschin. Hhayi isikhathi eside, nje ngosuku abangane pobyli ndawonye, kodwa ngo-January 11 isibe usuku Lyceum.

Okwesibili Pushkin wabona eduze St Michael Prince A. M. Gorchakova, uwunika lowo kubhekwe "lucky kusukela ezinsukwini zakuqala." Emgwaqweni ezweni, bahlangana ngengozi, bangana futhi kanjani ngeke aphambana.

Gorchakov eyingoduso enkonzweni zamanxusa, okuyinto rose ezingeni eziphakeme embusweni. Ungathola ukuthi imbongi wacabanga ngokuhlaziya inkondlo "Okthoba 19". Pushkin ngizibuze: abayobe olulodwa Ukugubha Lyceum? Ufuna kube sekupheleni senkondlo, kumelwe kuthiwe kuzoba A. M. Gorchakov, owashona ngo-Baden-Baden eJalimane ngaleso kweminyaka eyi-84.

umngane wamukelekile

Ngo-April, u-Anton Mikhailovsky Delvig efika ahlala okwesikhashana ku A. ngokuvakashela S. Pushkina. imbongi Omangalisayo, owabhala eculweni Lyceum, okuyinto eyayenziwa iminyaka eminingi izizukulwane nabafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme, Wakha isibindi imbongi kanye Isifiso sokuzenzela. Bobabili ngesikhathi Lyceum waqala ngokubhala wawabona wonke amavesi. Imbongi onamakhono kodwa ukuvilapha Pushkin kamuva wahlanganyela kule ukushicilela ensimini. Bobabili sengqondo ngokulinganayo ngendelelo umthengisi ezincwadini Bulgarin, wabhala ngesiqubulo phezu kwakhe. Kodwa-ke konke esikhathini esizayo, kanye ekuqaleni ukufa Delvig, kuze kube abangane namanje abazi futhi nje ujabulela inkampani nomunye. Pushkin unikeza incazelo eqondile kanye emfushane imbongi-sybarite ubani obalekela nobukhazikhazi uhlala athule. Lokhu kufakazelwa ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela le nkondlo "Okthoba 19". Pushkin ngo-1931 ngeke kube nzima ukuzwa ukushonelwa umngane oseduze, ikakhulukazi kusukela ngo-Leo futhi Kiichelbecker kakade ekudingisweni ngemva kuvukela at iSigele Square.

Ukwakhiwa kwehlelo inkondlo

Ucezu okulotshwe umuntu wokuqala. iqhawe Lyrical akufihli kumbe loba nguwuphi sama - imbongi yena, nazi ngemizwa yakhe siqu kanye nesipiliyoni. Lapho ukuhlaziywa emfushane inkondlo "Okthoba 19", kufanele sinake isiqalo edabukisayo ngokwesiko, okuyinto selichaza isizungu ebabayo siyamjabulisa izinkumbulo umphefumulo ukufika abangane, futhi iphela abanethemba ukuhlangabezana esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, edilini elalinikezelwe Lyceum othandekayo. Futhi kuphela emva kwalokho ngeke kulindeleke ubhontshisi lapho zonke sithethelelwe konke futhi yonke indawo udlulele injabulo umhlangano. Uhlaziyo inkondlo "Okthoba 19" (Pushkin) kafushane wakhuluma ngesimo ekuguquleni ngokoqobo kusukela umcabango imbongi ukungabi kabuhlungu-eside emhlanganweni kwenjabulo. Ekugcineni-ke kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le nkondlo yabhalwa vosmistrochnoy esigaba (nokuqala - a pentameter onesizotha iambic ke ubukhulu kungashintshwa), futhi siphethe ukuhlaziywa yayo kule nkondlo "Okthoba 19".