Myocarditis e ingane: Ihlahlubo, Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa. Wezingane Inhliziyo Centre

Myocarditis e ingane sitholakale kuqhathaniswa njalo zokwelapha zanamuhla. Kufanele ngokushesha kuthiwe lesi sifo esiyingozi futhi uma iyekwa ingelashwa kungaholela eziyingozi. Yingakho abazali abaningi banesithakazelo ulwazi mayelana isifo. Kungani leso sifo eba ngisho nezinsana nalokho izimpawu kufanele Ngibheka? Kanjani ukwelashwa futhi yiziphi izibikezelo for the iziguli kancane?

Izici kanye izici isifo

Igama elithi "myocarditis" lizama isifo kuhambisana ukuvuvukala imisipha yenhliziyo. Lesi sifo sitholakale umuntu iziguli zobudala obuhlukene. Myocarditis e ingane noma ingane kungaba neze kumelwe libhekwe njengelingcwele kungase kwenzeke into eyivelakancane.

Izimbangela izilonda ukuvuvukala we myocardium zingase zishintshe kakhulu, ezisukela Ukungena ku izicubu izifo ziphethe ezinzima komzimba kanye intoxications. Kaningi, yisishiso encompasses hhayi kuphela imisipha yenhliziyo, kodwa futhi izakhiwo eziseduze, kuhlanganise pericardium, kwakheka imithambo yegazi kanye nezinye izitho.

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu of myocarditis

Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuvuvukala imisipha yenhliziyo kungenziwa exhunywe cishe nganoma iyiphi indlela eyaziwa ukutheleleka:

• Ezimweni eziningi, le "izinto" ka myocarditis kukhona amagciwane - adenovirus, enterovirus Coxsackie, futhi parvovirus, cytomegalovirus, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo amagciwane, futhi umkhuhlane.
• Ukuvuvukala myocardium, futhi ngezinye izikhathi has a umsuka virus. Lesi sifo eba phezu zangokwasemuva zezinhlelo sofuba, brucellosis, a meningitis virus. Ukuvuvukala kwenzeka uma kusebenze ukutheleleka streptococcal.
• Ukunqotshwa umzimba rickettsial ngokuvamile kuholela ukuvuvukala imisipha yenhliziyo. Izinto eziyingozi ezingabangela i zihlanganisa Q imfiva, typhus imfiva, izintaba enamadwala.
• Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe pathogen bangase benze isikhunta pathogenic, futhi uhlobo lwe ikakhulukazi isikhunta Candida.
• Kukhona myocarditis protozoal, asathuthuka e-zangokwasemuva zezinhlelo toxoplasmosis, umalaleveva, i-leishmaniasis.
• Helminths (Echinococcus, Trichinella) futhi avuse ukuvuvukala.
• Kukhona myocarditis anobuthi kubangelwa ukungenisa i-arsenic, i-mercury, i-carbon monoxide.
• Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo eba imithi, noma emva isingeniso yokugoma sera.

• Izinto eziyingozi ezingabangela i zihlanganisa inyoka Ukulunywa futhi isinambuzane.
• imiphumela engokomzimba, ezifana hypothermia ezinzima, komzimba, ukuchayeka ionizing emisebeni emzimbeni futhi kuphakamisa ukuvuvukala.
• Enye izinto ezandisa le ngozi omzimba izicubu erythematosus, i-rheumatoid arthritis nezinye izifo ezithize sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba.

Njengoba ubona, kunezizathu eziningi zokuthuthukisa myocarditis. Ukuxilonga kuzomele sifake uhlu isifo eyinhloko njengoba kuthinta lempumelelo yokwelapha.

Amafomu nezinhlobonhlobo zesifo

Kukhona izikimu eziningana ngezigaba zesifo. Sekuvele ongakhetha zokuthuthukisa lesi sifo, kuye ngokuthi imbangela kuxoxwa. Kodwa ngesikhathi uphethwe ochwepheshe ukuziqhakambisa nezinye izinto:

• Uma sikhuluma inkambo lesi sifo, myocarditis kungaba acute, subacute noma ezingamahlalakhona.
• Kuye kobukhulu isifo kungaba imnene, ngokulinganisela noma okunzima.
• Udokotela kuqhakambisa ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo - izingane kungabonwa ifomu ejwayelekile ukuvuvukala, kanye igugile asymptomatic.
• Futhi inenani yezinga ukuvuvukala - kulokhu ebalulekile elingalodwa (lapho isehlane, indawo eyodwa ukuvuvukala) kanye myocarditis ehlasela umzimba (zokugula kusebenza wonke kwemisipha).

Kangakanani myocarditis ezinganeni? isigaba esiyinhloko

Myocarditis ingane eba ngezigaba eziningana - kwezokwelapha zanamuhla ezintathu:

1. Stage viremia - izinhlayiya viral (noma ezinye Amagciwane) awela myocardium. Okokuqala, basuke zigxilé ebusweni imisipha amaseli, bese zingene myocytes. Kulesi sigaba, kukhona ukusebenza izivikeli mzimba, okuyinto kuhambisana i zamagama anda futhi ukukhululwa kwe interferon.
2. isigaba sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba lapho kakhulu sithuthukiswe mzimba cell impendulo kanye namazinga anda antikardialnyh amasosha omzimba buthelela myocardium, kubathinta ezithinta ukusebenza kwawo. Kulesigaba isebenze balamuli ukuvuvukala. Kube kulimaze microvasculature.
3. Uma lesi sifo eyamukelekayo, khona-ke kuyinto nokwehlisa edema kanye kumiswa amasayithi fibrotic e imisipha yenhliziyo. Uma impatho alinikwa imiphumela emihle (noma, lalingekho), ukugula kuba amahlala khona. Ngo ukuvuvukala ezingamahlalakhona kancane kancane izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuhlanganise ukumelwa inhliziyo, cardiomegaly, cardio.

Inqubo Ihlahlubo Ukuhlola ingane ukusiza udokotela ukuthola uhlobo lesi sifo, izimbangela zayo, kanye komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane - kuphela ngemuva kokuthola idatha Ungadala abaphumelela ngempela ukwelashwa lwemithi.

Izimpawu zalesi sifo usana

Izimpawu zesifo kuxhomeke ezicini eziningi - kuwufanele ikhumbula eminyakeni yobudala yomntwana, imvelaphi kanye uhlobo lesi sifo. Ikakhulukazi myocarditis obukhulu ezisanda kuzalwa. Kid kancane ikhula ngesisindo esifanele, babe ucobekile futhi angasebenzi, njengoba ngisho inqubo ukusuthisa kuba kuyakhathaza. isikhumba komntwana Uphaphathekile, ngokuvamile eqala grey tint.

Olunye uphawu ubhekwa esifushane umoya. Wayeqale livela iinkhathi zokwenzeka - izinyane ngokushesha futhi iphefumulela phezulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sigqoka, ukugeza, wamathumbu ukunyakaza, yokudla. Njengoba isifo siqhubeka nobunzima ukuphefumula kungabonwa kakade isimo quiescent. Ngenxa ekuthuthukiseni senhliziyo avele edema - ngezinye izikhathi zinzima, ngenxa lapho isisindo ingane luyanda kakhulu. luhlolo wengane wembula isibindi lakhulisiwe futhi ubende.

Clinical isithombe ingane ineminyaka engaphezu ezimbili

Ezinganeni ezindala, isithombe emtholampilo ubukeka ezahlukene. Engakapheli amasonto 2-3 emuva kokuqala ukutheleleka myocarditis ayiboniswa. Khona-ke izimpawu ziba evelele. Izimpawu zesifo zihlanganisa:

• paleness zesikhumba integument;
• ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, ukwanda okuncane nje kwamazinga okushisa;
• ukunyamalala esesuthi futhi ngenxa yalokho isisindo ukuncishiswa;
• ubuhlungu emisipheni nasemalungeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi esiswini;
• njengoba isifo siqhubeka, bafundzi bacala esekhala ubuhlungu enhliziyweni;
• iphika inhliziyo palpitations.

Myocarditis: Ukuxilongwa isifo

Nge leso sifo kakhulu iyona uphethwe yini. Umntwana uthambekele kakhulu yokuxhumana nezenhliziyo isikhungo sezingane. Izinqubo ezilandelayo ziyadingeka uphethwe:

• Ukuze uqale nge kumntwana nakubazali labetibambile poll ukwenza umlando, ukucacisa khona yezimpawu zesifo esithile.
• Kakade ngesikhathi udokotela basole myocarditis - uchwepheshe ukubukela ugodo, ngisho isikhumba cyanosis, okusheshayo kwenhliziyo, khona edema kanye iphika.
• Okwenziwe kwamakhemikhali kanye serological kwegazi ukuthi inquma khona ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala.
• X-reyi yesifuba ivumela uchwepheshe ukubona ukunwetshwa kwemingcele inhliziyo futhi khona igazi yokujama tsi izitsha emaphashini, okufakazela khona ukuvuvukala e myocardium.

• Ngempela kwenziwa electrocardiography futhi echocardiography - lezi izinqubo ukunikeza ithuba lokuhlola inhliziyo futhi ukuhlola degree of ukungakhuli.
• A biopsy we myocardium liboniswa kuphela amacala olunzima ngoba kusiza kutholakale umsuka wendaba yesihluku ukuvuvukala.

Ukwelashwa zesifo: ukuthi odokotela ukunikela?

Yiqiniso, ukuphathwa incike imbangela kanye nobungako ukuthuthukiswa isifo. Ngokwesibonelo, e khona izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kudingeka antibiotic, kuyilapho izilonda viral kuboniswa kokuthola imithi elwa namagciwane. Futhi, abantwana ebekiwe immunomodulators, okuvumela kujwayeleke umsebenzi izindlela ukuzivikela.

Ukuqeda iziguli ukuvuvukala ukuthatha imithi nonsteroidal eqeda ukuvuvukala ( "Voltaren", "Brufen", "Indomethacin"). Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwama-steroid i-hormone imithi ukuthi kukhona kahle naye kuphumelela ngokwengeziwe lokulwa ukuvuvukala. Ukuqeda asetshenziswa edema isisu, okuvumela ukuqeda uketshezi ngokweqile. Kubalulekile futhi ukufaka kule scheme yokwelapha Vitamin amalungiselelo. Uma kuyinqubo okungamahlalakhona, kuboniswa ukwelashwa spa. Uma kukhona arrhythmia ophikelelayo, engesiyo amenable emithini, kungase kudingeke ube yenzeka elingenalo iwashi lenhliziyo.

Ukwelashwa Kwenziwa endaweni esibhedlela, kungcono ukuba ukhethe nezenhliziyo isikhungo sezingane ezinhle sika nawo nezifundiswa ezinhle. Lapho beqeda inkambo yokwelapha ingane kumele basenza njalo bayohlolwa - ekuqaleni zonke izinyanga ezimbalwa bese inyamalala kabili ngonyaka (nge Yiqiniso evumayo zesifo). Echo bese electrocardiography, esifubeni X-ray, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kufanele kwenziwe njalo - kuphela indlela ukuqaphela khona izinkinga noma sokuphinda.

Ukudla bengane myocarditis

Abazali abaningi abanesifiso imibuzo namuhla mayelana nokuthi kungani futhi yini eba kuyinto myocarditis ezinganeni. Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa isifo, izimbangela zayo - ngokuqinisekile amaphuzu abalulekile. Kodwa-ke kuhle ukucabangela ukuthi ekwelapheni ingane kudingeka badle uhlobo olukhethekile lokudla (uma kungeyena mayelana izingane).

Ochwepheshe batusa ukuba ayiyeke le carbohydrate elula - akufanele ukunikeza ingane yakho i-Muffin, ushokoledi, isinkwa esimhlophe, pasta. Bangakwazi indawo esingenamvubelo namakhekhe. Futhi, ungahlukumezi ukudla okunosawoti futhi okubabayo, nokunamanoni nenhlanzi, isobho broths ukujula - kangcono udle inkukhu iphilile isibindi (endleleni, kuyinto efiselekayo ukulungiselela ukudla ambalwa). Fish uvunyelwe, kodwa kuphela uma kuba izinhlobo ephansi fat. Isibalo amaqanda kufanele futhi kube okulinganiselwe.

Ukudla kufanele kufake imikhiqizo yobisi, izithelo nemifino (ngaphandle plums, Quince, amagonandoda kanzima kanye apula, amagilebhisi). Chocolate nezinye amaswidi ungayithola enye uju, ujamu, marmalade kanye lwebhece.

Izibikezelo e myocarditis

Myocarditis e ingane kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila - kuleli qoqo leminyaka batholakale iziguli, evame waphawula kakhulu ukufa. Izibikezelo incike kundlela kanye degree of isifo zaba namandla kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, sibi lesi sifo futhi ngezinye izikhathi akudingi ukwelashwa. ukuvuvukala Amagcikwane amenable ekwelashweni kulula, kodwa lapho izilonda yegciwane umphumela isifo kungenzeka ibe yinhle kakhulu.

Phakathi izingane nentsha esikoleni-abaneminyaka kuyaqabukela kulotshwe izigameko ezingezinhle ezavela - ngokuvamile izingane ngokushesha sokusukuma futhi ukubuyela ekuphileni okuvamile. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi phakathi myocarditis inhliziyo emise izindawo sclerotic ukuthi singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela imbangela yokwehluleka inhliziyo lapho usukhulile.

imithi yokuvimbela

Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela jikelele myocarditis. Nokho, ochwepheshe batusa ukulandela imithetho. Owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele anake impilo yabo, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, ukuze zigweme ukuthintana ubuthi ihlolwe ukuthi iyasebenza njalo.

Ukuze isimo osanda kuzalwa kufanele ziqashwe eduze - isifo esithathelanayo futhi ukuvuvukala okufanele ukuhlolelwa lesi sifo futhi welashwe kusenethuba. Phakathi isibhadalala abandayo ngangokunokwenzeka ke akudingekile ukuvumela contact wengane nabantu elinegciwane. Kahle isimo izivikeli mzimba nomthelela ukudla okufanele, isimiso ecacile nsuku zonke, lokuvivinya umzimba okusesilinganisweni futhi eyenza lukhuni.