"Montelukast": ukubuyekezwa, imiyalelo kanye analogue zomuthi

"Montelukast" - mayelana nokubuyekezwa izidakamizwa kalula itholakala ku izinkundla inthanethi futhi amasayithi ozinikele lenkinga somoya - a omelene zakudala leukotriene D4-yokwamukela. Umuthi kabanzi njengendlela base ngesikhathi yokwelapha kanye ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa isici isifo. Ukwakheka Olinganiselayo evumela ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ekwelapheni iziguli cishe kunoma iyiphi qembu lobudala.

ukukhululwa Ifomu

Izizathu kungani "montelukast" wathola ikakhulukazi wokubuyekezwa okuvumelekile, okuningi. Nokho, into yokuqala ukuthi abambe iso lakho - lokhu Yiqiniso, i okunezinhlobonhlobo amaphilisi, ithengiswe ngaphansi egameni lendawo yokuhweba noma idatha.

Okwamanje inqubo ubuswa ezintathu-matrix. Kuyinto mayelana amaphilisi ejwayelekile nge imvilophi ucwecwe (1 iyunithi iqukethe 10 mg lomcebo kuyasebenza) kanye analogue yabo ukuhlafuna (4 mg kanye 5 mg ngokulandelana we reagent). Base isisekelo umuntu ezimweni zombili, izenzo montelukast sodium, kodwa ukwakheka izingxenye eziningana ezahlukene asizayo - Mannitol futhi aspartame zikhona amasampula senzelwe kokungenisa ngokushesha ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa.

Ngo amazwana kaningi it pops up umbuzo mbumbulu, okuyinto manje bese avele ekhemisi ngamaketanga. Vikela ngokumelene mbumbulu kungaba, uma kungekhona ngesikhathi esifanele unaka ukubukeka umkhiqizo kwemithi.

Ikakhulukazi, ukuhlafuna iphilisi nge 4 angu isithako esisebenzayo, ine kobujamo obusaqanda futhi tinge pink (incazelo okuhambelana amaphilisi nge cherry ukunambitheka, nokusetshenziswa nezinye flavorings umehluko kuvunyelwe), bese uphawu izinombolo "4" ngakolunye uhlangothi. Analogs lapho isithako main 1 mg ngaphezulu - round futhi esibhalwe ukuthi "ayisihlanu". Amaphilisi njengendlela igobolondo geometrically zifane isikwele; Bona beige yabala "10" inombolo.

ukubandakanya kwemithi

"Montelukast" (izinkomba echaza izimo lapho reagent eziyinkimbinkimbi sokucasuka komzimba ezingajwayelekile kakhulu) - lena omele ejwayelekile izidakamizwa iqembu antibronhokonstriktornyh. I-algorithm evumela izenzo zakhe ikhuluma "ubuhlobo obuseduze" nge intermedianty / prostaglandins futhi thromboxanes.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we izidakamizwa - ivimbela cysteinyl leukotriene "izinzwa" umgudu wokuphefumula. Lezi receptor silondoloze umsebenzi omkhulu ngo-bronchial ukuthuthukiswa somoya futhi ukukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwezici uketshezi lapho ke aqoqana futhi inkimbinkimbi le mucosa.

engayitholi njalo kuholela ekuncipheni okuphawulekayo kobukhulu izimpawu ngemuva we ukwehla jikelele kunombolo ukuhlaselwa kwakhe isifuba somoya (njengoba kwaphawula u iziguli eziningi, ushintsho oluhle kakade ebonwe ngezinsuku zokuqala yokwelapha).

izici umzimba

"Montelukast" (izibuyekezo kunodokotela zisikisela ukuthi ukukhetha wangempela ukuma-ins kukhawulwe inqubomgomo intengo abakhiqizi, ie ngamunye izidakamizwa-omqondofana, ebhekisela ngezithako zawo molecule ezifanayo sakhiwo kukhona ingxenye main, zikhona izikhathi eziningana eqolo ngaphezu kwanoma ukulungiswa echazwe), engena plasma igazi, uhlanganisa kahle amaprotheni alo. Ngo izifundo zokwelapha, umphumela sabhalwa ngo-99, 37%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bioavailability salo ngokulingana ngqo inqubo Ukukhishwa. Ngokwesibonelo, izithako amaphilisi 5-milligram amenable ukuba ukumuncwa by 73%, kanti analogue nge ulwelwesi liner lapho kukhona izinto izikhathi 2 more ekhuthele, - kuphela 64%.

Kunesimo esifanayo ne nengxenye-ukuphila we reagent: Izingxenye ukuhlafuna amaphilisi, by othola umzimba, ushiya umzimba ngemva kwamahora angu-2 emva reception, kodwa izakhi abamelwe amaphilisi ezivamile - emva kwemizuzu 180-200. Kulesi imvume plasma uyahluka 43-45 ml ngomzuzu /. Futhi, kuyathakazelisa ukuthi% 0.2 kuphela umthamo ohamba ngayo iziteshi urinary. Amathumbu Uma kuqhathaniswa, izinhlamvu - ezingaphezu kuka-85%.

Kusukela okwashiwo iziphathimandla abahlonishwa, kusobala ukuthi inqubo pharmacokinetic Kuyathokozisa ngokushelela iziguli zabo bobubili ubulili, nokuthi wenze izinguquko ezithile sina nobudala pathology kwezinso kulesi sibalo we servings nsuku zonke imithi liyadingeka. Kodwa ukwehluleka kwesibindi, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ezifweni ezimbi, kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile ekulungiseleleni nesimiso zokwelapha.

izinkomba ngoba

Lapho walungisiswa ukusetshenziswa "montelukast" izidakamizwa Izibuyekezo (izingane imithi Kunconywa ngesimo gum, amaphilisi, camera ulwelwesi igobolondo, kungcono ukuba amise kuphela abadala nentsha), ukushiywa izinkundla, yebo, zisisiza ukuba siqonde. Nokho, kuphela uholwe umbono wabanye abantu - kuyiphutha elikhulu, ngoba ngaphandle kokuxoxisana udokotela, "ukuhlonza" uhlobo isifuba somoya, futhi okubaluleke - ukuthola izizathu ivela khona cishe kungenakwenzeka.

Ngokuphathelene isitatimende esemthethweni, indingilizi khona izimpawu, ukugula nezinye izimo wasibeka kanje:

• zibe bronchial senziwa umthwalo ngokweqile ngokomzimba;
• Kwesizini / rhinitis ezingamahlala khona imvelo iguliswa Lokudabuka;
• somoya;
• isidingo izinyathelo.

Umthamo elikhulu

"Montelukast" (impendulo engeyinhle kunzima kakhulu ukuthola, ngoba isithako isetshenzisiwe eside ngempumelelo njengoba isakhi core eziningi izidakamizwa) iqondiswa ngomlomo, kanye ngosuku, angenzi esimisweni "ibhulakufesi - kwasemini -. Kwakusihlwa"

Amaphilisi chewable, 4 mg kanye 5 mg abanjalo imithamo imithetho:

• izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kwengu-2 no-5: 1 iyunithi umkhiqizo (4 mg) ngosuku, ngesikhathi sokulala kuze ekufezeni ukulawula izimpawu kanye prolongation inkambo ayimpoqo amasonto 2-4 ukulungisa umphumela nomphumela;
• iziguli engu-6 kuya 14 ubudala: mode efanayo, kodwa ngesilinganiso esigcwele omunye - 5 mg.

Ukuze amaphilisi nge wrapper ucwecwe efanele elandelayo izincomo:

• abadala kanye nezingane engaphezu kwengu-15 ubudala, abaphethwe somoya bronchial noma rhinitis okungamahlalakhona: 1 Unit (10 mg wezinto) / usuku kusihlwa;
• ukuvimbela amajaqamba: umthamo efanayo isikhathi obuphelele isikhawu izinsuku 14-28 of.

isicinganani

"Montelukast" imfundo (izibuyekezo ukuthi nakuba nekuhambisana ubuholi esemthethweni ukusabela atypical yokubakhona izithako kuze kube sekupheleni ayikwazi ngaphandle) ibekwe njengoba izidakamizwa engase ephephile, kodwa ngalo mbandela wokuba leyo-non-ethize "impendulo" phezu ingxenye yomzimba ezimweni ngazinye kusengenzeka.

simo kuvunyelwe:

• GI: uhudo, nomlomo owomile, ubuhlungu syndrome esiswini, isicanucanu;
• inhliziyo negazi imigqa: nokwanda okuphawulekayo kakhulu kokushaya kwenhliziyo;
• ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, urticaria, hematoma wendawo;
• umgudu wokuphefumula: amakhala yisisu ukukhwehlela;
• CNS: isiyezi, ukukhathala, isimo zokucindezeleka nese ngokweqile lengqondo ukuyaluza;
• zemisipha: myalgia futhi arthralgia (kuhlanganise Ukudlikizela.).
• Okunye: izimpawu nobuntu acute izifo zokuphefumula futhi umkhuhlane.

Ukulinganiselwa kanye contraindications

"Montelukast" (yokusetshenziswa iyona Izibuyekezo emihle kakhulu, futhi ulwazi oluqukethwe kuyo, ngokuya umnqopho, imibuzo kusuka amalungu iforamu cishe hhayi khona) angeke zisebenze uma:

• Ucwaningo luthole ezwela anda nokubunjwa kwemithi (ngokuvamile kuyiqiniso zonke izinhlobo amaphilisi);
• kutholakale ukuthi une ezingavamile isifo ngofuzo, kuhlanganise nalezo lapho umzimba akusho sokwetshisa galactose noma uhlangabezana ezibucayi lactase ukuntula (ukugwenywa asisebenzi ukuhlafuna amaphilisi);
• isiguli abadliwa phenylketonuria;
• isiguli ongakabi waphenduka eminyakeni emibili (amaphilisi camera "age umkhawulo" - engu-15).

Overdose: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa, "Montelukast" 4 mg (izinkomba mayelana leli fomu kwezentengiselwano reagent, eqinisweni, liyefana yini amazwana iyaphendulwa ukuhlafuna analogs equkethe 5 mg lomcebo kuyasebenza) okweqa nsuku zonke ukusetshenziswa izinga ine phezu nomphumela ofanayo njengoba amaphilisi 10 mg . Izimpawu liphinyiselwe iningi ukweqisa izidakamizwa kungabonakala iziguli qembu labasha. Abadala, ngisho nalapho ukuthatha 200 mg / ngosuku izinyanga 5, abanye ukusabela normal babonakala.

I single uphawu iziqephu ukwanda zomuthi yilezi:

• ukoma ongacimekiyo;
• ukozela;
• isisu ubuhlungu endaweni;
• ukuhlanza;

Ukwelashwa Kwenziwa, esekelwe esithombeni emitholampilo uyalandelwa. Ulwazi mayelana nokusebenza kwama-hemodialysis lingekho.

ekusebenzisaneni kwezidakamizwa, kanti ethandwa kakhulu analogue

"Montelukast" 5 mg (ukubuyekezwa ukuhlafuna amasampula kwesokunxele nodokotela bezingane, ubilise phansi umbono wokuthi izidakamizwa, akungabazeki, njengabawufanelekele lwabazali abasha), kanye nezinye izinhlobo leukotriene yokwamukela omelene, lapho kusetshenziswa parallel ejenti olufanele ukusheshisa Dynamics omuhle : izimpawu yesifuba somoya iba ngaphansi ezinzima, inani ukuhlaselwa kwehle. Nokho, ukudamba ngokushesha ukwelashwa eyenziwa ngesisekelo corticosteroids imuncwe is hhayi Kunconywa.

ukuhluka okuncane izinqubo pharmacokinetic ezihilela theophylline futhi prednizola itholiwe. Kodwa ukumuncwa at "bemunye 'phenobarbital incipha ngo okuningi njengoba 40%.

Reagents ukuthi zivimbela synthesis CYP3A4 isoenzyme, kufanele asetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kweso lwezokwelapha.

analogs Bezakhiwe ukuthi zivame kakhulu otholakala kwi ukudayiswa:

• "Monkasta".
• "Singlon".
• "Singulair".
• "Ektalust".
• "Singuleks".

"Singulair" noma "montelukast": ukubuyekezwa odokotela nakosokhemese

Ngokusho uchwepheshe pharmacologists, Ziphikisana mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo we izidakamizwa ziphephile futhi ziphumelela kangcono, lutho, njengoba "Singulair" futhi "montelukast" ungomunye futhi base efanayo eyenza imithi. Usanda kuphumelela egameni lendawo yokuhweba noma ukubhaliswa patent kuqala, futhi eyesibili ngamazwe. Nokho, odokotela ngamunye kanye neziguli, unombono ohlukile futhi ucabangele imithi esakazwa ngaphansi INN, isinqumo kuphela elungile.