Likuphi eTransylvania - lapho kudabuka khona Ukubala Dracula? Lapho Dracula sika Castle eTransylvania?

Ngenxa inoveli lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa ngu "Dracula" isithakazelo Bram Stoker e-eyayisekhanda lami elahlasela kulo lonke izwe kufana nesiphepho. Isihloko Esikhulu vampirism washaywa cishe zonke izindawo yobuciko: cinema, ithelevishini, imidlalo yaseshashalazini, imidwebo. Abantu nginithandile njalo konke ongaqondakali futhi ezingaqondakali, futhi uma it has prototypes yangempela ke ngakho isibili ezithakazelisayo. Mhlawumbe, lokhu kungase ukuchaza engapheli isithakazelo evutha endaweni ka eziphilayo Dracula sika. abalandeli abaningi we vampire indaba ephathwayo esiyicelayo, "Uphi eTransylvania?" Nebala befuna into eyesabisa futhi kwemvelo.

Nasi umlando-ukuhlupheka esifundeni

Ngokusho inoveli Stoker sika, indawo yemvelo Ukubala Dracula kuyinto eTransylvania, lapho castle yakhe edumile. Okwamanje, esifundeni enyakatho ntshonalanga yeRomania unezinye, izihloko ezimbalwa ethandwa - Erdei noma eTransylvania. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, le esifundeni izikhathi eziningi basukile kwelinye izwe. NgeNkathi Ephakathi esifundeni kwaba isimo ezizimele eMbusweni Hungary. Ngo-1526, ngemva Battle of Mohacs eTransylvania waqunywa wasuka Hungary, futhi kwaphela isikhathi esithile khona ubukhulu ezimele, kodwa ngo-1566 waqala bazithobe sultan Turkish. Kuze 1613 yakhipha isinqumo eTransylvania izikhulu Bathory umkhaya, futhi ngemva - uhlobo Rakoczy. Ngalezo zinsuku, ubukhulu kwaba inqaba yamaProthestani e-Eastern Europe. Ngo 1687 kombusi Turkish ngemva kokunqotshwa kule ngxabano le Habsburg lwamakhosi ngoba eTransylvania sazilahla zonke izimangalo nesifunda. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVIII esifundeni elahlekile ukuzimela futhi yaphinde yaba ingxenye yombuso Hungarian. Nokho, ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, eTransylvania wayiswa eRomania iyonke. Phakathi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, North-Eastern ingxenye eTransylvania kudluliswa kusuka Romania, Hungary naphambili izikhathi eziningana, futhi kuphela 70s ekugcineni lahlala ingxenye Romania. Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo zomlando yezindawo lapho eTransylvania iyona Transylvanian Plateau (ukuphakama kwalo - 500 metres), okuyinto kuphakamisa yimifula eminingana nezintaba nemingenela iDanube.

Wallachia

Akukhona nje nje ukuphendula umbuzo: "Iphi? ETransylvania - lapho kudabuka khona Ukubala Dracula" Wazalwa eTransylvania benza, kodwa yaba umbusi Wallachia. Lokhu ubukhulu yayikhona esifundeni igama elifanayo ne phakathi XIV kuya maphakathi nekhulu XIX, ngesikhathi ahlangane ubukhulu iMoldavian. Walaha ngokomlando itholakala eningizimu banamuhla Romania, phakathi iDanube futhi Carpathians, nomfula Olt ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili - Great Little Wallachia. Thanda engumakhelwane eTransylvania ubukhulu, kusukela ngekhulu xv, kwaba engaphansi izinduna phezu koMbuso WaseTurkey. Emlandweni Wallachia sika wakhala lenqwaba nababusi, okuyinto yayinezinto eziningi kakhulu isikhathi, unikezwa ukuthi umzabalazo wayengekho kuphela esihlalweni sobukhosi, kodwa futhi ngoba umthelela ubukhulu kanye angomakhelwane izindawo phakathi-Turks and umbuso Hungarian.

Vlad III Tsepesh

Kuyinto lesi sibalo yomlando ungenisa ngesikhathi esisodwa Bram Stoker waba sibonelo of hero inoveli yakhe. Futhi mhlawumbe it is kwenzeka ingozi, ngoba sibalo Tepes kuyinto impikiswano enkulu futhi izulu i aura imfihlakalo futhi zonke izinhlobo horror izindaba. Lokho nganekwane iyiqiniso nokuthi - amanga, namanje ongayiqondi ososayensi ngisho yesimanje. Abaningi amaqiniso yomlando wakhe Akwaziwa ngokuthé ngqo, abaningi - impikiswano, kodwa abantu abaningi - hhayi efakazelwe. Engaziwa, ngisho usuku oluqondile lokuzalwa kwakhe. Izazimlando ziye ibalwa ukuthi wazalwa cishe ngo-1431. okwazalelwa waso kwakuyindishi eTransylvania, lapho emzini Sighisoara. Namuhla, lowo muzi a UNESCO uhlu, ngisho endlini lapho wahlala emkhayeni Dracula. Indlela yokuthola futhi lapho: eTransylvania (Romania), Sighisoara, Tin Street, Ukwakha 5.

indodana ka-Dragon

isidlaliso sakhe, "uMjoji" Vlad wathola ngemva kokufa. Futhi kwaba ukuhumusha kusukela izidlaliso Turkish, ukuthi abaseTurkey ngokuthi isikhulu "kolschikom" ngendlela eqondile ngokuhlaziya phansi izitha. Kodwa Dracula, elapha uyise. Vlad II knight Order of the Dragon (okubizwa ngokuthi Order of Saint George). Yena kubalwa zemali egameni lakhe siqu izithombe kubo dragon yini owaphihliza yonkana Wallachia, okuyiwona wathola isidlaliso of Dracul - okusho "udrako". Isidlaliso ngofuzo indodana yakhe, kodwa hhayi ngaphandle ezinye izinguquko, futhi ngakho baba uVlad III Dracula.

umbusi Wallachia

Yileso igama ababusi esifundeni. Dracula wafika amandla kathathu: isikhathi esifushane e 1448, nge 1456 i 1462, futhi ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe ngo-1476 evela emndenini eTransylvania Dracula wathuthela edolobheni Targovishte, inhlokodolobha Wallachian, ngenxa uyise uVlad, kodwa inhliziyo yayibukhuni isikhulu .. Umuzi futhi castle lapho uVlad Tepes wahlala. Ngo 1444 uyise, kanye namadodana akhe, noPrince Vlad nomfowabo waphoqeleka ukuya Turkey futhi ukucela usizo kombusi, ngoba János Hunyadi, umbusi eMbusweni Hungary ngaleso sikhathi, wanquma ukuba agumbuqele uVlad II futhi wenze umbusi Wallachia protege yakhe. Ukhiye ukusiza Sultan baba uVlad futhi Radu, umfowabo. Kwaphela isikhathi eside, they were eqinisweni isiboshwa kombusi Turkish. Kukholakala ukuthi le minyaka yabafile kakhulu kuthonywa Dracula, bona washintsha ubuntu bakhe, wamenza nonya ngaleyo ndlela. Kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kwaba nesandla yokuthi uyise ekhashelwa futhi abulawe, umfowabo omdala bangcwatshwa uyaphila. Nokho, ngaphandle yokuthi uVlad wenza umsebenzi iDemo yezitha zakhe nokwethukwa amambuka, yena waba waziphatha omningi esiza abantulayo, amasonto, khona abavikela Orthodox eyinqaba kodwa ngempumelelo ukulwa ubugebengu emigwaqweni Wallachia.

Bran noma Poenar?

Kwenzeka kanjalo ukuba enqabeni Ukubala Dracula ubhekwa Bran Castle. Nokho, lokhu kuyadukisa, futhi kwakubonakala sengathi ngenxa yokuthi enqabeni uvele lithathelwe ifilimu kule noveli ngu Bram Stoker. Nokho, kubonakala, yebo, iyamangalisa, kwangethusa kanye engafinyeleleki. Akwaziwa kangaki uVlad lehla kule ndawo, lapho kukhona eTransylvania. Dracula ngokusho kwabanye imithombo bathandile yokuzingela ezindaweni nezinye - wahlala phakathi uhambo lwakhe. Kukhona inguqulo ukule castle wayethethelela wahlukunyezwa nabaseTurkey. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini ngempela manje Bran iyona Luhambo bavakashela kakhulu Dracula izinkambo. esifundeni Romanian yeTransylvania nasenkabeni yayo, lapho kukhona "Castle Dracula sika", ngonyaka izinkulungwane zezivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Futhi lo mncintiswano lokhu kuphela castle inqaba Poenari, okuyinto kubhekwa inqaba wangempela Dracula, wayeshaye phansi esendaweni yakhe samanje. Ngeshwa, lachithwa, amanxiwa kuphela ezisekhona. indawo kwawo kwakunjengokwetshe osendaweni kubaluleke kakhulu, emngceleni Wallachia futhi eTransylvania, ezintabeni ngenhla komfula Arges.

Kuwufanele ukuvakashelwa

Baningi abantu ufuna ukuvakashela emangalisayo, engaqondakali, zimbozwe nokubingelela endala futhi imfihlakalo izindawo lapho eTransylvania - lapho kudabuka khona Ukubala Dracula. ETransylvania izivakashi for kwenkundla yayo fabulous kanye nomkhathi ephakathi. Cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi kule ndawo kungatholakala izimfihlakalo legends, yiziphazamiso ezihehayo futhi engaqondakali. Ngaphezu zonke izinhlobo hambo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomlando, lapho ungakhululeka ingqondo yakho kanye nemvelo ezizungezile ngampela ingu uphefumula ngobunye nangokuthula.