Kwezifiso zokuziphatha. Izibonelo kwezifiso zokuziphatha

ekahle Zokuziphatha - kuyinqubo eyakhelwe bezibona kokufuna ukuba baziphathe ngendlela umfanekiso othile yomuntu. Lakhiwa eziningi izici. Kamuva esihlokweni sihlolisise welithi "kwezifiso zokuziphatha" (izibonelo zazo ngezansi). Yini abangayenza kube? Ziyini izimpokophelo?

Uhlolojikelele

kwezifiso ezingokomoya nezokuziphatha lomuntu uyisibonelo indima. Umphakathi kwenza abantu nezimfuneko ezithile yokuziphatha zokuziphatha. imoto yakhe eqinisweni izimiso zokuziphatha. Ukubona i-ubuntu ngokokuziphatha kakhulu emelela izimfanelo ezinhle ezisebenza njengendlela zengqondo lokuma nokuziphatha phakathi kwabantu. Lezi zimo zokuma ukwenza umuntu ngokukhethekile kanye nomphakathi uwonke ukuthuthukisa uhlamvu zabo zokuziphatha, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziphenduke.

Isilinganiso ososayensi

Izinhloso Ezinhle kanye nezindinganiso zokuziphatha izikhathi ezahlukene ezingefani kubo bobabili. ongqondongqondo abaningi abadumile kanye izimbongi ephakanyiswe lolu daba ngemisebenzi yakhe. U-Aristotle, ekahle zokuziphatha kwakufanele introspection, ulwazi lweqiniso futhi sokuzihlukanisa ezindabeni zezwe. Ngokusho Kant, kunoma iyiphi umuntu "umuntu ophelele". Ukufundiswa ngezenzo zakhe futhi enhle zokuziphatha. Lolu hlobo ikhampasi yangaphakathi okuletha ukuphelelisa umuntu, kodwa ngokuphelele asipheli. Isizathu salokhu siwukuthi yonke sefilosofi, usosayensi, isazi semfundiso yenkolo, ayenakho isithombe sabo siqu futhi ukuqonda kwabo ekahle zokuziphatha.

umgomo

kwezifiso Zokuziphatha, akungabazeki, neqhaza ukuzithiba imfundo yomuntu. Man amandla nolwazi okufanele izuzwe, ihlose ukufeza izinhloso nokunqoba eziphakemeyo uhlelo zokuziphatha. kwezifiso zokuziphatha yini isisekelo okwakhelwa kuso kamuva kwakhiwa izimiso zokuziphatha kanye nezinkambiso. Konke lokhu kuthatha indawo ngesisekelo esikuthandayo ekuphileni komuntu. Okunye futhi okubaluleke ngokufanayo isimo ekuphileni lapho umuntu ahlala kulo. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nempi izimiso zokuziphatha igxile umfanekiso abanesibindi, lomkhumbi olamandla ongedluli, indoda elunge, ongumnikazi isikhali, kepha kusebenza kuphela ukuba bavikele izwe labo nezihlobo zabo.

Umthelela emphakathini

Ukuqonda ekahle zokuziphatha sandile futhi emphakathini wonke. Indoda efuna ukubona yena emphakathini, okuyinto izokwakhiwa kumigomo ngenhlonipho futhi engenzeleli. Kulokhu, ekahle kuyindlela Emphakathini lapho kungenzeka inkulumo ethi izithakazelo amaqembu athile omphakathi, imibono yabo wobulungisa ophakeme nokuthi ngokuhlelwa komphakathi, okwakuyoholela babe the best.

I enhle zokuziphatha izinkomba kwezenhlalo aqukethe i ukusatshalaliswa alinganayo izimpahla ezibalulekile phakathi amalungu omphakathi, ubudlelwano phakathi nemalungelo ebuntfu netibopho tabo. Ukuze izakhi eziphakeme zokuziphatha zihlanganisa ikhono lomuntu oyedwa, indawo yakhe empilweni, umnikelo umphakathi kanye nenani wathola emuva ke. kwezifiso Zokuziphatha kubangele ukusebenza omuhle ngokuphila kanye nekhono sifinyelele ukuphila okujabulisayo. Abalwela ukungawenzi amaphutha, okuyinto umgomo oyinhloko we yonke imizamo, umuntu futhi umphakathi kufanele asebenzise izindlela okusezingeni eliphezulu kuphela zokuziphatha.

okuqukethwe

Lenin kubhekwe izimiso zokuziphatha of "ophakeme wokuziphatha", ehlanganisa izici ezinhle. Ngokusho kwakhe, bonke babeyizidumbu edingekayo kubantu futhi uyisibonelo emphakathini. Izakhiwo zokuziphatha, kulinganiswa ngesikhathi esikalini eliphakeme, yakheke okuqukethwe ekahle. Consciousness yakha e luyamangalisa lezo zimfanelo ephakeme yokuziphatha, izimfanelo, nezimo zengqondo zabantu, okuyizinto esemthethweni futhi engeqisi nemvelo. Umphakathi kanye ukufuna umuntu ukuqaphela izindinganiso zokuziphatha. Njalo lomphakathi kufanele kube ngokwanele futhi ngendlela efanele ukucabanga, bakwazi ukwakha ubudlelwano bese uxhumana. Ideal ephelezelwa ukubonakaliswa ezithile ezinhle. ngokomzwelo. Lezi zihlanganisa, ngokukhethekile, zihlanganisa ukutuswa, ukwamukelwa, isifiso sokuba ngcono. Konke lokhu kungenxa ivuselela enamandla eyenza umuntu ukuba balwele self-imfundo nentuthuko kwawena. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ekahle: i kwamaciko futhi mva, yangempela futhi nakancane. Okuqukethwe izindinganiso zokuziphatha washintsha phakathi nawo wonke umlando. Izimiso isikhathi esidlule ngenxa kwesimo sayo luyakhohlisa nesizungu kusukela ngokoqobo, akazange agxile umsebenzi ngamunye, wahlala engafinyeleleki. Ngisho ngokuyisisekelo ukusebenza zokuziphatha kakhulu okuqhubekayo wathatha njengesisekelo izifiso subjective, ngaphandle beqaphela ukungakhethi yomthetho nendlela yokuyithola.

kwethonya ezikhathini zanamuhla

Ezinsukwini umbuso zamaKhomanisi kwezifiso zokuziphatha zakhiwa ukukhonza ukusungulwa, ekuqiniseni uhlelo olukhona. Isikhombi sokuthi ukuziphatha okuhle eliphezulu umphakathi wanamuhla ukuthuthukiswa avumelanayo ubuntu. It is zihlukaniswa isifiso sokuba nasici ngokokuziphatha. Umphakathi kwenza amalungu ayo nezimfuneko ezithile zokuziphatha. Lapho zihlanganiswa, zakha umfanekiso ubuntu athuthukiswe ngokuphelele. Ilokhu ahlanganiswe, okwenezela into entsha, babonisa ukuthuthukiswa zokuziphatha umkhuba umphakathi sezenhlalo. Umphakathi isikhathi zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni kwasekuqaleni ubeka isiko ngazinye, yisakhamuzi esebenzayo, abanye bazizwa bephoqelekile ukulifunda yomphakathi, amazwi nondisjunction nangezenzo, ukwethembeka.

kwezifiso kokuziphatha esikhathini sethu babe uhlamvu esebenzayo futhi ngempumelelo, ehambisana nezidingo zomphakathi. Azuza ukuma yangempela ukubambisana sezenhlalo of amalungu omphakathi. Isimilo namuhla asebenzayo ezindaweni self-ngcono, imfundo zokuziphatha nokuthuthukiswa kwawena. Plekhanov wathi ukuthi bakhuthele umuntu bazibophezele ekufinyeleleni we enhle nomphakathi, kulapho eba ngokokuziphatha. Kodwa ngisho noma ngesikhathi sezenhlalo izibalo eziphakeme zokuziphatha musa uqondane ngokoqobo, kukhona isinyathelo esisodwa phambili. Lapho ilwa a Izinjongo indoda kuchazwa, owakhiwa ezinyakazayo njalo, lechubekako yentuthuko. Ukwandisa umsebenzi womphakathi we muntu, ngcono imikhuba yezenhlalo kanye nemfundo zokuziphatha - konke lokhu ndawonye kuzovumela ukuxazulula izingxabano ezivela emkhatsini ngokoqobo enhle zokuziphatha.