Kuyini isizwe: yokusesha sencazelo

Ngo historiosophy amaSoviet nasemakamu sobuhle bayo, kukhona eside ezifana nobuzwe. Lokhu akuyona izwi ocacile ukuthi udinga ukucaciseleka and definition. Iqiniso ukuthi lesi sizwe futhi kanjani ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda igama elithi emhlabeni zezemfundo, sizoxoxa ngezansi.

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala

Kukholakala ukuthi leli gama elithi 'isizwe "yaqale isetshenziswa uhlamvu P. Vyazemsky, wabhala, njengoba e Warsaw, A. Turgenev. Ebaleni kwakunjalo ngalesosikhathi 1819. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, le mpikiswano ngalokho isizwe, kungukuthi wanqamuka. Okokuqala, kumayelana umlando, kodwa futhi kwasithinta kakhulu izincwadi nezinye izindawo umsebenzi womuntu kanye nesayensi. Ngo 1832 kukhona ifomula adumile "Ubu-Orthodox, Autocracy, ubuzwe." Kwenzeka nge isandla ukukhanya Uvarov, owabheka izwi sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo esisodwa sezigaba eyinhloko yefilosofi.

Namaqiniso Socialist

Njengoba umqondo ngemibono kanyekanye benawo tebuciko imisebenzi eside wangena formula okwangempela nomphakathi. Kwezwakala kanje: ". YamaSoviet, party, isizwe" Kodwa kwaba ngemva kwesikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi lokhu sizokhuluma umlomo ngezansi. Ngokuvamile, okufanayo kuze ongqondongqondo Maphakathi nekhulu le-nesishiyagalolunye, Luzama ukuphendula umbuzo yini ubuzwe, ukuhlonza ngokuvamile atholakala izigaba kazwelonke. Ngakho, umqondo wegama elithi "nezizwe" futhi "ubuzwe" kuvame ukubhekwa njengophawu lahlotshaniswa kanye nezilandiso.

isiko Polish

Kodwa, ngaphandle ngenhla, iye yaba khona eminye ukutolika, kokubili ngaphakathi eRussia nakwamanye amazwe. Ngakho, sula ethemini narodowość ungwaqa lalisetshenziswa amanani amabili ngemibono. Eyokuqala ukuthi ulele e umoya Ukukhanyiselwa kanye nesazisi ibeke abantu-state. Eyesibili wayehlobene xaxa Romanticism futhi sihlanganisa umqondo isiko ngabanye abantu.

okunye Russian

ERussia, kwakukhona, nakuba ezingavamile, impendulo ehlukile ukuze lo mbuzo: "Kuyini isizwe?" Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi angase aqondwe njengokufaka i samuntu ezivamile njengoba ungubani abantu emakilasini ephansi, ngokungafani kuya izikhulu nabanengqondo futhi ephakanyiswe kuhambisana nesiko laseNtshonalanga.

ukuqhubeka ngaphambi inguquko

Kancane kancane, incazelo yini isizwe, sekwande zithole ubuzwe ngisho olwalusikisela chauvinist. Uma phakathi yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana kunenani ethemini nawo ayengase kumelwe kuqondwe njengelakhiwe incazelo isiko zomdabu ngaphandle kukhulunywa ubuzwe, eminyakeni zandulela ngokushesha Revolution kuka-1917, kuthonywa imibono ezinhle ukusetshenziswa kwaleli gama kwakuzoba uphawu lokuthi ukunambitheka embi futhi backwardness. Futhi ezingqondweni kakhudlwana futhi zahlanganiswa ne imibono yobuzwe.

Nenkathi yamaSoviet

Kuyini isizwe emlandweni eSoviet Union, akunakwenzeka ukuba ngokuqiniseka, ngoba okuqukethwe leli gama ezikhathini eziningana ezinkulu aguqulwe imibono yamaSoviet. Ekuqaleni kuwo ngokuphelele wayezomphika njengomqondo oyinkolelo yokubusa kwamakhosi. Leli gama liye laba nezokusigcoba futhi emva 1934, lapho ngaleso XVII iCongress of the kwamaBolshevik kwathiwa ukuphela engaphelele yomzabalazo wezigaba kanye isigaba "ikilasi" isinikeze indlela ejwayelekile ngaphezulu - "abantu baseSoviet". Ngenxa yalokho, esikhundleni ubunjalo ekilasini baqala ukukhuluma ubuzwe. Ngu ekupheleni 30s izwi abe yeSoviet zokuphila kwansuku zonke futhi uye waba kunencazelo enjalo enamandla ngemibono ukuthi uma bezama inselelo noma ungayinqabela waqonda njengoba umsebenzi emelene ngempela namaSoviet. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwakungekho incazelo ecacile, ungakwazi kuphela ucacise lokho ubuzwe. Esikhathini izincwadi, isibonelo, waveza phakathi kwezinye izinto abalobi ezifana Pushkin futhi Tolstoy, "owenziwa abantu," futhi kwaba ibonakalisa isizwe. Lomunye umuntfu wake watsi abalobi ukuveza isizwe naphezu liklasi labo. Kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi leli gama lifihle Ngokwentando yeningi ayisisekelo. ukuzimisela Resurfaced nokusikisela ubuzwe. Ngokwesibonelo, thola ukuthi isizwe futhi ubuzwe, wazama Pospelov. Wabhala ukuthi "injongo okuqukethwe lonke okuqhubekayo" Kufanele kuqondwe leli gama. Enye inguqulo yencazelo kusekelwe umzamo yekubona sokusebenzisana zobuzwe party. Kodwa eminye ngemva Stalin, abahlukene ngaphezulu Kugcwaliseka eSoviet Union kuyinto kutati ngokuhlobene ne Abantu.

Russia kwaba ngemva kwezikhathi zokulotshwa namaSoviet

Isigaba isizwe kwathathwa ongqondongqondo kwaba ngemva kwezikhathi zokulotshwa namaSoviet e-Russia. Kodwa njengaseminyakeni kwamaSoviet, phakathi kwabo kukhona akuyona yibobonke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nokulinganisa nobuzwe Orthodox sizama ukubuyisa ukubaluleka ifomula owaziwa, befuna yokutakula ohlanga. Ngakolunye - isizwe futhi kuhlobene ukuze ubuzwe, ukudweba Isiboniso elilinganayo phakathi kwabo. Le mikhuba ziyefana kwelinye, okungukuthi, ukuthi postulate ukuphakama umphakathi, ngokuhlanganyela phezu ngazinye, ngomuntu ngamunye. Lokhu esifuze Kuyathokozisa kokubili kweSoviet futhi nge-Imperial system, futhi kuze kube namuhla namanje ngokuphikelela.

Lysenko Kwavezwa ukuthi incazelo umgomo okungaphezulu ubuzwe, uzonikezwa esikhathini esizayo, njengoba leli gama liqinisekile ukuhlala njengoba umcabango-isigaba bese iyingxenye ebalulekile esikhathini esizayo, kuphela izinhlamvu ziqala ukwakheka imibono yezwe. Namuhla, ngokombono wakhe, kungaba futhi kufanele ayigcini nje definition kakhulu ngesimo futhi ezingacacile ubuzwe njengoba zonke isiRashiya. Noma kunjalo, neningi iyona enembile ubuhlobo izizwe, lapho collectivist "thina" ubusa ngaphezu ngabanye "Mina".