I izinjini ezivamile Okwamanje diesel nophethiloli. I last wazalwa ekuqaleni kakhulu, kodwa manje ukuthandwa kwakhe liyana. Udizili motors kukhona iyashelela futhi ukonga. Nokho, ukufanisa injini nalezi zimfuneko ezimbili, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuba yingxenye yaso. Asikwazi ukuvumela ukwehlukana injini diesel. Namuhla sibheka ukuthi lokhu nqubo futhi kungani kwenzeka.
sici
Ngezinye izikhathi uzwa "udizili wangena sigqoka." Kusho ukuthini? Isikhala - Lokhu kwanda okungalawuleki e isivinini injini crankshaft, kungakhathaliseki isikhundla isinyathelo namafutha. Ezimweni eziningi, umshayeli akakwazi ukulawula le nqubo. I crankshaft uzungeza ngesivinini, okuyinto njalo ziyanda. Ngezinye izikhathi usheshise ukufinyelela 5000. Kuyingozi ngoba injini diesel. Kuziwa lesi senzo emva kwamaminithi ambalwa. Ngenxa yalokho - elalibambeke powerplant. Ngokuvamile ephelezelwa obukhulu intuthu emnyama kusukela ipayipi qeda.
Izizathu - lo ophezulu futha
Esinye sezizathu esiyinhloko lesi simanga - ukungasebenzi kwe-futha kukawoyela a umfutho ophakeme noma wesitimela. Ngenxa yalokho, i-fuel engena omlilo ekamelweni ngaphandle kwemingcele. Le nqubo engalawuliwe. Futhi uma lungena ikhamera, ayanda ijubane lenjini. Ngemva kwalokho, ukusatshalaliswa igesi indlela (ngokuvamile iketanga drive) akanayo isikhathi okufanele sisabele ngayo lapho lezi zinguquko. Ngenxa yalokho, ayilungile isigaba kukaMoya egoba crankshaft, isibalo sabahlengikazi abaqeqeshwayo futhi qeda valve. Ngokuvamile imiphumela adabuke kakhulu. Kuthiwani uma injini wangena sigqoka? Rescue iyunithi ingaba yinye kuphela indlela - ukuze ungawuzwa kuye. Kodwa akulona njalo kungenzeka ukuba wenze lokhu ukhiye. Siye ngokuzimela kuyendlulela emoyeni ekamelweni amandla omlilo. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, ububanzi zomfula ongenela emgodini engayitholi esikhulu kakhulu. Futhi ngisho ngokurhaba izindlela ukuyivala ngeke kwenzeke. Umoya abasaya esikhaleni esincane. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izimoto edonsa umoya-mpilo engxenyeni engezansi. Ngakho kufanele uyeke ngokuphelele iphimbo ngemva lemifanekiso emoyeni. Ngenxa yalesi ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela ngocingo uyasikrufulula khimilili ukugeleza komoya-mpilo ku tube. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Khumbula ukuthi lapha ukulandisa kuqhubeka umzuzu. Indlela yesibili amade, kodwa sathela izithelo. Uma injini wangena sigqoka, kubalulekile ukunqanda supply fuel by ukhupha umugqa nophethiloli. Kodwa awusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe nesikhathi lokhu. Imiphumela - enezinto bendable kanye crankshaft kuhlulekile. Yini into embi kakhulu - izingcezu injini block flying ngalesi sikhathi. Ukuqhuma ingafaniswa isenzo amabhomu. Kutholwe eceleni kwaleli injini kumane yingozi. Kodwa lokhu akwenzeki ngokushesha, futhi ngemva kwemizuzu engu-3-5 wokusebenza injini kule modi.
ophephela
Udizili ku sigqoka angaya ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Uma lokhu turbocharger, kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kwenzeke ngoba lokhu indlela. I element is selehlile nge amafutha. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuvuza zenzeka. Ngenxa yalokho, lo mshini ayikwazanga ukuhlinzeka umfutho. ijubane injini kwandisa angesabi. Nge ukwanda kwabo, futha uwoyela iqala ukumpompa le igrisi ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalokho, lingena ekamelweni amandla omlilo. Kulaba ipayipi qeda kuyinto intuthu emnyama. Lapho kungenzeka ukuhluleka enjalo iyunithi nazo zonke asale engenalo Lubrication. Phela amafutha esenyukele ipayipi qeda. Kwakuba nezikhathi lapho ngisho ngemuva kokucima supply fuel, iyunithi waqhubeka esebenza luyingxenye phezu amafutha. Futhi ngisho noma le nqubo ithatha esingaphansi komzuzu, lokhu ngempela ngokwanele ukuba udizili kwesokunxele in the sigqoka. Ikakhulukazi ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezindala izinjini lempi. Ziklanyelwe ukudliwa lamafutha amafutha kanye kaphalafini. Ngakho akumangalisi ukuthi injini ngemva Imi fuel siyaqhubeka ukusebenza. Uma udizili waya sigqoka, le crankshaft naphula ngesigamu. Akunjalo ngempela ukuthi uyodonsela block isilinda futhi okuseceleni okubukhali fly out. Kwezinye izimo, injini izoqhubeka isebenze, kodwa ngezwa othile engqongqoza isici. Yini okunye okwenzekayo uma kukhona udizili phakathi sigqoka? Nge likwazi ukuhlalisa inani elandayo linemibhikisho ukwanda injini lokushisa. Ngokushesha overheats. Futhi, uma ugijima kusukela ophephela, kungenzeka umlilo endaweni we ezininginingi qeda. Wedging pistons kwenzeka phakathi nemizuzu engu-. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okwamanje amandla inertia we ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza. Ngisho noma imoto kuwufanele ngesikhathi engenzi lutho, kokuphazamiseka induku imishudo nezinye izakhi crank (crank indlela).
Kungani kuphela diesel izinjini?
Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ibhandishi uthatha kuphela injini diesel. Futhi ukuzonda ngesizathu esihle. Ijubane lale uphethiloli motor ngoMthetho mpintsha. It okuhambisa ethile emoyeni, lapho inombolo linemibhikisho shaft kungase kushintshwe kusuka 1 kuya abayizigidi ezingu-7. On the uphethiloli yangaphakathi omlilo injini isithuthuthu esiphezulu uphawu abayizinkulungwane 10-13. Kepha injini diesel, ukusebenza kwawo kulawulwa inani uphethiloli, hhayi umoya. Kulendlela yokubhala iyunithi kungekho mpintsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuvuswe ingxube, akadingi amakhandlela Sparks. Ngisho noma susa ibhethri, ngakho injini uzoqhubeka ukusebenzisa esikhathini esizayo. Kepha yesimanje diesel nethuba ukuya ukugqoka kude kancane, njengoba inani uphethiloli okukhishwa ngokuqinile Imibhobho esemzimbeni. Lapha isistimu ngekhompyutha, ngakho uma isinyathelo namafutha ngeke kube yinkinga, ama-computer uzoyeka noma ukunciphisa kancane supply fuel ekamelweni amandla omlilo. Ngokuvamile kuthatha esingaphansi yesibili. Ngakho, uma u-diesel esengenile sigqoka, ngeke kudingeke uyasikrufulula singesifanele futhi emgqeni noma uvale i-ukufinyelela-mpilo. Ukuze wenze konke electronics, futhi ngokushesha kangangokuba awuboni.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo?
Uma wena noma electronics ungase kucinanise esenyukele injini sigqoka, noma kunjalo, ungaqali futhi. Zama suka ku iloli donsa noma donsa. Siqala kabusha kungase kumkhathaze ethuthukisiwe ngokwahlukana iyunithi minza unga neze.
Indlela yokugwema ukwehluleka?
Ukuze kuqedwe nemiphumela emibi, kubalulekile ukuqapha impilo futha umjovo. Injini ifakwe ophephela noma uwoyela compressor akufanele kube yisisu noma "ukudla" ngaphezulu kuyinsakavukela. Umkhawulo ukubaluleka - 1 ilitha amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi. izinguquko amafutha esifike ngesikhathi futhi zokulungisa isilinda-piston iqembu bazokwazi kuncishiswe ingozi ngokwahlukana izikhathi eziningana. Phawula ukuthi ukuhlukumeza yobuqotho, indlela ndawonye engayitholi nge air namafutha uyowa. Le nhlanganisela burns okukhulu okuningi. Ngakho-ke, ijubane kuyokhula. Futhi ngakho kuze kube yilesi sikhathi, kuze ibhotela isiqedile ngokuphelele. Kufanele ukuqapha ukupholisa crankcase. Uma ayiqondakali uphawu, uwoyela inkungu ukuwela ezininginingi eyanele. Lapho ukusebenzisa omkhulu imoto, amasongo piston abakwazi ukukhipha yonke ifilimu. Ngenxa yalokho, i-pair of ingcindezi kusukela crankcase ufake egumbini amandla omlilo. Gada le nqubo akunakwenzeka.
umlawuli
Ukulungisa futha - umcimbi saziso ngayinye udizili generator. I futha kuqhutshwa nge igiya ukunciphisa kusukela crankshaft. Ukusebenza kwawo kuncike zamanje ijubane lenjini. Ukuze silondoloze kubo, sebenzisa Regulator centrifugal. Yini le indlela? Siyabonga kuye, kunoshintsho ngokuzenzekelayo futha umjovo. Idivayisi kuvimbela ukugeleza fuel ngejubane okwandisiwe crankshaft.
Esinye ukulungiswa kwe-futha
Uma ukuxilongwa izinjini udizili ebonisa ukuthi ukulungiswa ingxube okungahambi kahle, cishe imbangela ophezulu futha somthetho centrifugal abakwazi ukubhekana nalesi umsebenzi. Isebenzisa ukulawula idokodo ekhethekile. Ngaphambi kokuhlola futha kufanele ahlanze ebhuqwini imali esele. Khona-ke iyenziwa kumalebula umjovo kusengaphambili futhi ongaphakeme ingcindezi valve sitholakale. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka uyasikrufulula valve bese uthinta ngesando (amagalelo lula) kungxenye layo elingenhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho embukisweni iphimbo eyindilinga. Lulawulwa esebenzisa locknut. Yena baphotha noma twist, bese uqale ukucindezela uma kunesidingo. I ijubane elijwayelekile yenjini udizili is idling - 770-790 ngomzuzu. Ukuze ukulungiswa eminye usebenzisa hydrocorrector ngokuvula wagxila esiphikisa noma ngokwewashi. lokuxazulula inkinga Esifike Ngesikhathi iqinisekisa ukusebenza onokwethenjelwa uhlelo amandla injini iyonke.
isiphetho
Ngakho, lapho sathola khona ukuthi inqubo inikezwe. njalo futhi uphethwe esifike diesel ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yale nkinga. Njengoba ubona, imiphumela ingaba yingozi kakhulu, ngisho nangaphambi ukuqhuma amandla iyunithi. Ngakho-ke, uma imoto isibe ukulawula ukwandisa umfutho kanye traction elahlekile, ngokushesha ukunqanda supply emoyeni ukuze uMbhalo. Ngo izimoto ezincane kungenzeka ukwenza ngesandla sakho siqu - isandla sakhe wamboza ipayipi ukuncela.