Izindawo zokulondoloza imvelo kanye nemvelo reserves zonke eChibini iBaikal. iBaikal izinqolobane

Eplanethini yethu, kukhona izindawo okungatholakala ngokufanelekile njengezidalwa ezingaphezu kwabantu zendalo enkulu emvelo. Phakathi kwabo endaweni ekhethekile kuhlala ngokubabazekayo iChibi iBaikal, abendawo ngisho ngokuthi kolwandle. Eziluzungezile muhle: eziningi izitshalo ezithakazelisayo sikhule lapha. Futhi ezinye zezilwane ezihlala eduze, noma yikuphi emhlabeni Akasekho ezitholakele. Yiqiniso, ezinye zazo, ngeshwa, kuyinto zisengcupheni yokuqothulwa.

Iziqiwu futhi National Parks iBaikal ihlelwe amaningi ala masimu eseduze kwechibi, ukusiza ukuvikela nokulondoloza yonke le izindawo acwebile nezilwane ezingavamile nezimila.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke echibini Russia

ERussia ku iChibi iBaikal akazi, cishe nje ubuvila. Nokho, emhlabeni wonke, lokhu indawo yemvelo idume kakhulu.

Itholakala Engxenyeni eseningizimu yaleli Eastern eSiberia, eduze komngcele wase-esifundeni sase-Irkutsk kanye Republic of Buryatia. Okubekiwe iBaikal, nesithombe kancane kuphela adlulisele ubuhle lezi zindawo lapha.

Le ndawo Imininingwane kwesigubhu wathi ifinyelela cishe izinkulungwane 32 amakhilomitha square. Le ndawo ufana amazwe ezifana Netherlands noma Belgium! Ungazibona yini ngeso lengqondo inkulu kangakanani iBaikal? Ubude echibini yahlakazeka 620 amakhilomitha, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo emkhathini ke cishe ifana inyanga inhlendla.

Ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi engu-echibini eseneminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20. Ngokuvamile, amachibi imiswe phakathi neminyaka Ice Age, kukhona kuphela iminyaka ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 15, futhi kancane kancane bese zinyamalale ebusweni kule planethi. Kodwa yaphenduka esiqiwini echibini namanje ikhombisa akukho izimpawu zokuguga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi baye basikisela ukuthi echibini kungenzeka abasafufusa ulwandle.

Yini iChibi iBaikal abadumile

Nokho, hhayi kuphela ngenxa yobukhulu balo umxhwele futhi okungavamile yobudala yasendulo yayidume iChibi iBaikal. Ezweni kunjengoba kakhulu eyaziwa echibini ezijulile. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba ibanga esiphezulu ke ebusweni amanzi kuya phansi kuyinto 1642 amamitha! Ukuze uqhathanise, echibini ejulile ngakolunye, ngokuthi "Tanganyika" inama kwamamitha 1.470 kuphela ukujula.

IBaikal namanje uhlanzekile kakhulu, futhi ngisho waqaphela isitoreji net yamanzi ahlanzekile emhlabeni.

Amazing Nature Reserve zonke eChibini iBaikal

ubunjalo Omangalisayo, esemgwaqweni phakathi echibini omangalisayo. Eduze kwalo nangaphansi Uhlonze lwalo elicwengekileyo ikhula mayelana 600 zezitshalo. Animal iBaikal emhlabeni njengoba egcwele ezihlukahlukene: eqinisweni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2000 zilwane. Kulokhu, iningi izitshalo zendawo nezilwane ingatholwa lapha.

Ngokwesibonelo, izilwane ezimangalisayo ka iBaikal uphawu, noma nerpa. He is lodwa omele esincelisayo zasemanzini lapha, futhi izihlobo zawo abaseduze atholakala yoLwandle iCaspian kanye eNorth Sea, kanye Lake Ladoga.

abameleli esivelele iBaikal nezilwane kukhona Sable, Izimbila, ibhere, uchakide, squirrel, weasel and Wolverine. Lapha ungakwazi futhi uthole inombolo enkulu izinyoni, ikakhulukazi Waterfowl. Phela, isibonelo, eziningi ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi, amadada, ama-gull, goose ngisho izindwandwe grey ujabulile bafika komkhathi elikhulu kangaka yamanzi.

iziqiwi zonke eChibini iBaikal

Ukuze alondoloze izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu nezilwane kukhona izindawo ezikhethekile evikelwe sezisunguliwe.

Phakathi kwabo, kukhona eziningana izinqolobane nemvelo futhi eziqiwini ezimbili. IBaikal Reserve kuhlanganisa izindawo ezintathu ezihlukene, elise izingxenye ezihlukahlukene echibini. Umsebenti wabo oyinhloko kuyisivikelo izilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa, futhi ezingavamile zezilwane nezitshalo, kanye nokunikeza nabo izimo best zokukhiqiza.

iBaikal izinqolobane

Okubekiwe ensimini ka iBaikal amaningi njengoba eziyisithupha. Ngamunye wabo yakhelwe ukuze kugcinwe noma kubuyiselwe izinhlelo zemvelo kanye nokugcina ukuzinza kwemvelo lonke insimu yalo.

I owayemdala kunabo bonke - Kabansky Reserve, eyasungulwa ngo-1967. Itholakala semifula komfula obizwa ngokuthi i-Selenga, ogwini olusempumalanga ye echibini. Inhloso yayo ukuvikela Waterfowl nezindawo abahlala kuwo. Ngo-1975 Stepnodvoretsky reserve yadalwa, futhi itholakala ogwini olusempumalanga. It ihlose ukugcina futhi ayiveze laseSiberia Roe izinyamazane nezinye izilwane.

Verkhneangarsky Reserve yasungulwa ngo-1979 ogwini enyakatho iChibi iBaikal, engxenyeni esempumalanga ye-delta Upper Angara. Ngemva kokuphothula umsebenzi wakhe - ukuvikelwa lokuphila insimu yalo Waterfowl. Endaweni iBaikal ogwini olusempumalanga ye echibini ngo-1981 wabonakala reserve Pribaikalskiy, okumele ukubuyisela kanye nokugcina inani izilwane zasendle.

olusenyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe iChibi iBaikal ngo-1988 baba insimu Frolihinskogo reserve, nakho kudinga ukusekela inani izilwane ezihlala lapha. Kamuva kakhulu ngo-1995 Enheluksky reserve ingxenye osogwini olusempumalanga echibini yadalwa. umsebenzi wakhe kwakuwukuba ukukhiqizwa kabusha, ukugcinwa kanye nokubuyiselwa izilwane nezinyoni ziba igugu e plan kwamasiko, esayensi kanye nezomnotho.

izindawo zokulondoloza imvelo kuleli chibi

Okokuqala kuleli chibi uvele Pribaikalskiy National Park. It kwahlelwa-February 1986, futhi namuhla insimu yalo kuyinto 418 ayizinkulungwane. Ha. Kubandakanya yonke ogwini olusentshonalanga lwenyakatho echibini, kusukela eseningizimu kuya oLwandle Small futhi Hare River, okuyinto yomngcele oseningizimu omunye endaweni evikelwe ngaphansi kwegama "iBaikal-Yelena Reserve". On iBaikal Lokhu kubuye edumile esiqhingini Olkhon.

Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu endaweni imbozwe amahlathi. IBaikal yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene we park kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ezingaphezu kuka-500. Ezinye izilwane ezitholakala lapha ahlelwe njengoba ezisengozini, futhi izitshalo kukhona izinyoni ezingavamile kakhulu okuyizinto ngaphansi ukuvikelwa ngokukhethekile.

Ngo-September ka ngonyaka ofanayo eyasungulwa omunye esiqiwini - Trans-iBaikal, endaweni amahektheli ayizinkulungwane 270 .. It ithatha osogwini olusempumalanga echibini, eseningizimu ke kukhawulela emfuleni Barguzin. Lesi siqiwu eyakhelene endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi "Barguzin Reserve". IBaikal Lake epaki zihlanganisa oNgcwele Ikhala nhlonhlo, Chivyrkuisky Gulf qoqo leziqhingi Ushkany isiqhingi, ngisho ingxenye echibini ndawo.

Isizathu esiyinhloko ukudalwa kuleli paki isibe Transbaikalia nature nokongiwa, kuhlanganise iBaikal uphawu, othanda ukuba uhlele Ushkaniye rookeries kulezi ziqhingi, futhi Waterfowl abahlala echibini Arangatuy.

Magnificent iBaikal Reserve

Ngenxa zalelo nani elikhulu iziqiwi uphathe cishe yayinjalo ukuze alondoloze uqobo kanye iChibi iBaikal. Reserve - yindawo lapho kukhona umbuso esiqinile yokuvikela, ngakho iyiphi insimu enjalo banqatshelwe ukuzingela, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuhlangana izitshalo, izithelo kanye amakhowe nezimayini. Futhi wokugodlwa isisekelo sangempela yesayensi, lapho afundela khona izilwane lubuthwa futhi izinto ngokwesayensi.

Zonke lezi zindawo zivikelwe ngendlela ekhethekile, ngoba ngamunye wabo ngaphansi egadiwe zimi izitshalo ngabanye nezilwane, futhi bebonke wonke ezintweni zemvelo. Ukuze uthole kuze kufike endaweni ebekelwe echibini, kufanele uthole imvume ezokuphathwa nesilinganiso buyafaneleka.

Barguzin reserve

Kutholwe ezabelweni echibini, okuyinto omunye omdala eRussia. It yadalwa ngoMeyi 1916 Ukugcina nokulonda labantu Sable. insimu yalo ithatha 374 ayizinkulungwane. Ha futhi etholakala eduze emithambekeni esentshonalanga yeziNtaba zase Barguzin yokhalo ogwini olungasempumalanga lweLake iBaikal.

Barguzin egicna imvelo uphawu lokuma real nature futhi eceleni nemvelo kanye ipholigoni uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli ngokuqondile. Iningi endaweni imbozwe ngokuyinhloko zamahlathi enhle alpine izimfunda. Inala isikhala nayo elalihlala amatshe, kukhona ngisho nasemaxhaphozini. Inani elikhulu ezingavamile ngisho ezisohlwini Red Encwadi izilwane zasendle uhlala endaweni. I Barguzin Reserve kuthatha ekuqaleni yayo nemifula ezingaphezu kuka 11 egeleza echibini. Namanje nazi iziphethu esiyingqayizivele ezishisayo, lapho amanzi sishisiswe degrees 70 nangaphezulu.

Njalo ngonyaka lapha beba izixuku ezinkulu izivakashi, kodwa cishe yonke indawo yakwa-esiqiwini ivaliwe kubo. Ukuze yokupaka ezindaweni eziqokiwe ngokukhethekile lapha kudingeka ukuphathwa ekhethekile imvume. Hlela-ke kungaba omunye cordons. Basuke etholakala eChwebeni Sosnovka ku capes Izinkunzi futhi Shegnanda futhi ikhilomitha elilodwa nje enyakatho esizalweni somfula manje.

Nendawo ka-polygon uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli igudle imilomo kwemifula emibili - Cabana futhi Shegnanda - ungayeka kunjalo akukho imikhawulo.

By the way, edolobhaneni Dashva eziphathelene esiqiwini, kukhona Museum bemvelo. Kungaba uvakashele ngokukhululeka noma yikuphi izivakashi.

iBaikal reserve

Ukufinyelela okuqondile Great Lakes ayizange esisogwini yayo oluseningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe iBaikal Nature Reserve. IBaikal ehlukanisiwe ngokuhlela kwezitimela kanye nemigwaqo ezakhiwa eduze ogwini eduze komngcele esenyakatho esiqiwini. It yasungulwa ngo-September 1969, futhi insimu yalo, indawo ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 166. Ha.

IBaikal Reserve yiyo abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-bulala ebizwa ngokuthi Khamar-Daban. Kube zenzeka emifuleni angu-30, ekhaya ukuze amabhere, izimpisi, izimpungushe kanye sables. Futhi lapha ungathola eziningi izilwane ahlelwe njengoba ezisengozini: omnyama nonogolantethe, onesiqhova Honey Buzzard, Otter, hook elinekhala reindeer futhi umkholwane.

IBaikal-Yelena Reserve

Insimu ngobukhulu, ingxenye 659 ayizinkulungwane. Ha, oluthatha iBaikal-Yelena Reserve. IBaikal ayinazo uvikelekile ku yayo olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga, Olkhon futhi Kachugsky isiFunda Irkutsk Region. Lendawo Ukuvikelwa imvelo iyona omncane, njengoba yasungulwa ngo-December 1986.

Esiqiwini zikhona izimpawu zendawo eziningana edumile iBaikal: asemigodini eziningana yezintaba-mlilo zasendulo, Cape okuthiwa Ryty futhi wemithombo yoMfula ULena. Futhi, le ndawo igcwele amabhere, kukhona ngisho lolwandle amabhere ansundu, izungezwe phakathi headlands ezimbili: Abafileyo futhi Elokhin. Lokhu Clumsy ngemuva nokuvuka ivuka kulokhu kulala kwasebusika, kanjani ukudla. Ngisho lapha ungathola izimpisi, lynx kanye nezinyamazane, kanye impela marmot ezingavamile black eneziqongo.

Ngokumangalisayo nezindawo ezinhle nezilwane esiyingqayizivele - lawa izizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-ukuthi kuwufanele okungenani kanye empilweni zabo ukuza iChibi iBaikal. Russian Reserve, omunye wemizila ebaluleke kakhulu - lesi sihloko anganika ngokuphepha lonke ensimini. Kuphela ngaphansi kweso abaseduze, futhi sibonga ukunakekelwa umuntu ngamunye, kulezi zindawo lungabonakala ezigcinwe ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni.