Izandla Frostbite: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Winter kuletha hhayi kuphela bendabuko Snowball izimpi, Sledding, Ukushushuluza, kodwa futhi abanye nobuntu le nkathi yonyaka inkinga. Akukhona nje kuphela umkhuhlane noma ilimaze eqhweni. inkathi Cold ukunika inkinga, ngezinye izikhathi egqoke imvelo ngokwanele sina, - izandla frostbite. Lokhu enkingeni kungathinta hhayi kuphela izitho engenhla, kodwa futhi ikhala, izihlathi, izindlebe, nezinzwane. Cabanga indlela esifike ngesikhathi ukuhlonza frostbite, futhi uhlobo losizo oludingekayo yi izisulu.

Izizathu eziyinhloko

Ngaphambi kokuba sihlole ukuthi yini okumele uyenze uma isandla frostbite, ake sixoxe ngezici ezibanga kulesi simo. Ngemva kokukhishwa ongavikela umzimba kusuka hypothermia.

Ngakho, zonke izimbangela frostbite kungenziwa zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu:

1. Nezingubo. Kumelwe ahambisana sezulu. Kungcono ukukhetha izinto zemvelo. amagilavu yoboya kuzodala "thermos" umphumela, kuncishiswa kungenzeka frostbite. Futhi, ungakhohlwa izingubo akufanele kube Friend kanye eduze umzimba uvalwe kakhulu.
2. Izimo zezulu. amakhaza Akukhona nje kungaholela frostbite. Kufeza indima ebalulekile asemkhathini umswakama nomoya isivinini.
3. Izici i umzimba, isifo. Abantu abaningi abaphethwe pathologies zenhliziyo, izimila, izifo endocrine, babe kusengozini ngenxa yamakhaza. Umuntu onjalo angase ahlupheke, ngisho nalabo izimo lapho umuntu enempilo ayigongobali.

Izifo noma engcupheni

Ithuba uthole izandla frostbite ngempela high kubantu abanegciwane kwale mibandela elandelayo:

• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
• isifo occlusive;
• Reynaud Syndrome ;
• deep vein thrombosis;
• sikashukela;
• ukuhlukumezeka;
• isifo sokusha;
• isifo Addison sika ;
• omkhulu ukopha;
• sokukhulelwa - yokuthathu yesithathu;
• utshwala ukudakwa.

degree frostbite

Chill kwezicubu zomzimba zingabangela nezinguquko, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho engelapheki. Ngaphansi kwethonya okushisa aphansi zenzeka vasospasms agqagqene egazini. Kobukhulu lezi zinguquko lithembela ngokuphelele izinga lomonakalo.

isandla Frostbite le umonakalo izicubu ukujula sehlukaniswe degrees ezine. Ake sihlole kubo.

1 degree

Lona ifomu elula. Uma ingakwenzi lokho singafi ezindaweni ezithintekile. Izinga lokuqala libhekene okhanyayo noma onsomi isikhumba izembozo. Man azizwa ukushoshozela endaweni ethintekile kanye esivuthayo. Ngemva kwalokho, ezindaweni inkinga ka ndikindiki. Iziguli ngemva usizo lokuqala usuke ezwa ubuhlungu futhi ukulunywa abaningi babephephile ezindaweni ezithintekile.

Njengomthetho, abantu abamukele izandla frostbite, 1 st degree, uyalulama ngemva kwesonto.

2 degree

Ukuba isikhathi eside emakhazeni, ungakwazi kakhulu babhebhethekisa lesi simo. Izenzo nge 2nd degree frostbite ngokwanele ezifana nalezo ezichazwe ngenhla.

Nokho, kuleli fomu zinemiphumela engathí sina. Ngemuva kwezinsuku 1-2 emva frostbite etholwe ngaphezulu kwesikhumba Bubbles ukuvela. Ziqukethe uketshezi esicacile. Lesi sici ehlukile, okuyinto libhekene frostbite neminwe. Ukwelashwa imisiwe, ngokuvamile amasonto amabili. Ngaphandle eside, kuleli fomu isiguli kakhulu babesizwa kakhulu ngaphezulu ukungakhululeki ezibuhlungu.

Ebangeni le-3

Endabeni ukuvezwa kwesikhathi eside abandayo kungadala imiphumela engelapheki. On the ebusweni isikhumba at 3 degrees Bubbles avele uketshezi esobala eliqukethe akukho, ukubeka amabala kanye nokuqukethwe.

Lokhu kungolunye uhlobo sasivumela ezinzima, lapho zonke izakhi ze-isikhumba afe. Nge umunwe izinzipho uhambe. Kuleminyaka amasonto amathathu ezindaweni ezilimele kwesikhumba kwenzeka ukwenqatshwa. Kunalokho, izibazi akhiwa. Ingabe sikhule izinzipho entsha, kodwa ezimweni eziningi basuke zikhubazekile.

Nezibazi kwesikhumba ihlala isikhathi esingangenyanga.

4 degree

Lona fomu olunzima kunalo lonke ake frostbite, esibonakala by izicubu ukufa. Nokho, ingozi hhayi kuphela ezilimele isikhumba. Ngezinye izikhathi frostbite enjalo ithinta emalungeni, ithambo, okuholela isiguli eba esibhibhayo. Imiphumela isimo esinjalo awushintsheki. Isiguli abadinga ukusikwa kwamalungu omzimba lilimele.

Izimpawu ze-frostbite

Nakuba emgwaqweni kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba banake zezimpawu ezikhombisa ukuthi umzimba kuwuphawu lokuqala kwempilo zokugula. Cishe 95% azo zonke izimo abathintekayo zomzimba. Kwakumelwe umuzwa ukwephulwa lokuqala kwegazi zemvelo.

Cabanga indlela eza izandla frostbite. Izimpawu zenzeka ngokulandelana:

1. Kwehliswe ukuhamba. Ekuqaleni, livela kalula. Khona-ke isakazekela nasemilenzeni. zokugula okunjalo kungenxa ukubambezela conduction ungacabanganga. Ukubandisa kwezicubu kuholela izinguquko ezindongeni izinzwa. Ngenxa yalesi izinga esincishisiwe conduction ungacabanganga.
2. nokuncipha ukuzwela. Ekuqaleni elahlekile ukuzwa ethintekayo. Khona-ke encishisiwe ubuhlungu ukuzwela. Ukulandela ekuphelelweni umuzwa umzimba wayo siqu.
3. Burning ukuzwa. Kwenzeka lapho incibilikiswa izindawo ezilimele zomzimba. Lesi sigaba obulandela ukubukeka ubuhlungu. Lesi sici symptomatology grade frostbite 1 noma 2. Ngezinye 3 no-4-ke engekho nhlobo. umuzwa evutha ephelezelwa ububomvu kwesikhumba.
4. Ubuhlungu. Amandla izimpawu zincike sezingeni ukulimala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu emsipheni kudlala indima yokwamukela endaweni ethintekile. Ngamanye amazwi, frostbite izandla kuzodala ukungakhululeki okwedlula a indololwane obonakele. Saneliswe ngokuthela kwezindebe ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala uyoqinisa. Lezi emizweni zinezikhathi njengoba Ukubhidliza, evutha, ebukhali kakhulu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuqaleka kwenzeka kuphela ngesikhathi incibilikiswa nemilenze ezilimele. Ngaphansi kwethonya okushisa aphansi, isiguli uzizwa ubuhlungu.
5. Ushintsho umbala. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala nesembozo frostbite iyaphaphatheka, nge umthunzi matt. Khona-ke esitho iba nombala burgundy. Uma isiguli degree okunzima frostbite, kufanele kube ngenxa cyanosis pallor. Esigabeni sokugcina frostbite omnyama. Ubonisa izicubu nonviable.
6. Amabhamuza. Umbala wawo esiyosho frostbite 2, 3, 4 degrees. Lolu ketshezi lokuqoqa kuzo, kungaba esobala noma igazi. Isiguli azizwa indawo ibhamuza okusizwa ukushaya.
7. Ukulunywa. Lesi sici kungenziwa abona othile ewunikela ngesikhathi noma inkathi incibilikiswa yokutakula.
8. Ukuluma. Symptomatology nobuntu ukululama ngemva frostbite etholwe. Isiguli azizwa ezinjengokungcoliswa "Ukugodola", "inaliti".

zosizo lokuqala

Wonke umuntu kumele bazi ukuthi yini okumele uyenze uma izandla frostbite. Phela, uma njalo ngomzuzu yokulimala abandayo.

Odokotela batusa ukuba sinamathele algorithm elandelayo yezenzo:

1. Isisulu ngokushesha rewound egumbini efudumele. Susa kusuka kuye izingubo abandayo. Ukuze ahlale efudumele futhi, kuzothatha isikhathi. Ngakho-ke kungcono esikhundleni salo omunye.
2. Ezilimele isandla deda indwangu ethambile efudumele. Isisiza onomopho kubo. Umphumela efudumele. Kubalulekile kakhulu ekusizeni ngesandla frostbite, musa bazigcobe iqhwa. Lesi senzo contraindicated ngoba iqhwa akusho ukugcina ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyakwazi ukushiya micro-imifantu ebusweni isikhumba. Lapho ihlaselwe inqubo yokwelapha Lesifo kakhulu lukhuni.
3. Have isiphuzo esishisayo ukuba isisulu. Isobho, ikhofi noma itiye, kanye esiswini, kuyoba umthombo obengeziwe ukushisa, okungukuthi igazi zasakazekela umzimba.
4. Beka izandla zakho emanzini afudumele. Kunconywe lokushisa kokuqala degree angaba 18-20. Ngokuhamba amahora amabili, kancane zikhulisa amanzi, uzama ukufinyelela ezingeni degrees 36. Okunqatshelwe ukwehlisa nemilenze ngamanzi abandayo. Lokhu kuzokhulisa abasebenzi endaweni ethintekile. Omunye futhi kufanele asebenzise amanzi ashisayo ngokushesha. Kwembulunga ezilimele izandla kufanele kube ngokulinganayo futhi kancane. Kungenjalo, ukwandisa isibalo amangqamuzana afile.
5. Indlela esiphatha ngayo frostbite neminwe, uma ungakwazi yehlisa kubo amanzi afudumele? Kulokhu, kufanele bopha nabo ucwecwe. Uhlangothi shiny kumele sibe lapho sihlala esikhunjeni. Ungakwazi kulungele yoboya noma ingubo ekhethekile ezishisayo. Kumi esiqongweni sezindawo ucwecwe sisetshenziswa izingqimba eziningana izinto efudumele. le esifubeni ka umhlukunyezwa futhi qedani, ngoba izandla zakho bayofudumala kusuka ngaphakathi futhi kuyoba kancane kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izisulu eziningi ukuhlala amaseli iphila.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi imiphumela usizo lwakho kumelwe lufike imizuzu 10-20. Uma ushintsho ingekho ke isisulu frostbite kabi iminwe. Ukwelashwa kuleli cala kumele kwenziwe ngokukhethekile odokotela. Ngokushesha shayela "ambulensi."

imithi

Isisulu livela izimpawu ngempela edabukisayo. Lokhu akufanele ilibaleke, ngoba isiguli singase bezwe ukuhlushwa okukhulu. Indlela esiphatha ngayo frostbite neminwe? Kunconywa ukuba lula emizweni lesiguli ukusebenzisa imithi ezilandelayo:

1. Antispasmodics. Izindlela ezinjalo uvumele ukuqeda cramping izitsha neuropathy lula ukungena igazi elifudumele esikhunjeni. Isidingo ukwelashwa izidakamizwa, "papaverine", "Cha-spa", "Mebeverin", "Duspatalin", "Drotaverinum".
2. Ama-NSAID. Nciphisa ukushuba ukuvuvukala endaweni ethintekile non-steroidal izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala. Ukusebenzisa iqembu elinjalo, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izifo ze-isisu , basuke contraindicated. Isikhathi esiphezulu yokuyelapha izinsuku 5-7. Khumbula, ikhambi isandla frostbite. I ofanele kunazo kukhona ama-NSAID esilandelayo: "aspirin", "Nimesulide", "Ketorolac", "Ketanov".
3. imithi Antihistamine. Kufanele kusetshenziswe komzimba yanoma yimuphi umsuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banayo kakhulu izakhiwo eqeda ukuvuvukala. Ngokuvamile nge frostbite wasebenzisa izidakamizwa "Suprastin", "Clemastine," "Zyrtec".
4. Amavithamini. Kufanele futhi afakwe ekwelashweni wezokwelapha. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu umzimba ngeke vitamin C Umzimba womuntu "aphathe 'izitsha abandayo ezilimele futhi uqinise odongeni.
5. Wamafutha. Mayelana nabo akufanele ilibaleke. Ezintsha ngokushesha ukuphinde uthole Kunconywa ukuba izakhiwo reparative lamafutha. ngokwanele "Bepanten" Ngabamba ithuluzi ezandleni frostbite. Ungasebenzisa namafutha "Guardian", "umkhululi."

izongezo

Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo imikhiqizo engenhla zokwelapha kumele uxhumane nodokotela wakho mayelana umthamo edingekayo futhi abheke ukuthi kungenzeka lo yokwelapha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba uqaphele ukwenza ngokuvumelana nesimo isisulu. Uma izinga lokushisa akusho udedele kunani 37,5-37 degrees, aluphumeleli ubuhlungu syndrome, okuphoqelekile xhumana nodokotela ukuze uthole usizo. Ukwelashwa nodokotela kufanele futhi uma izandla zakho ngemva ekuqaleni frostbite ukuba kukhule.

Ukuthuthukiswa komzimba noma imiphumela engemihle evela ukwelashwa izidakamizwa sabanawo yokwelapha kumele kushintshwe kudorhodere.

isiphetho

Ekuphetheni, kufanele uyakhumbula ukuthi umuntu ngamunye kungavimbela frostbite. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukhethe lokushisa elifanele, izingubo, musa ukugqoka izicathulo Friend, njalo ukugqoka amagilavu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, emgwaqweni akufanele ame endaweni eyodwa. Kunconywa ukuhambisa ngaphezulu. Abantu abaphethwe kahle kwegazi, uzodinga izingubo ezifudumele kakhulu.

Ukuze ukufudumala ungayisebenzisi utshwala! Linikeza umphumela wangaleso sikhathi, ngemva kwalokho exacerbation alandelayo okokuqandisa.

Thobela imithetho enjalo, futhi akukho frostbite ngeke esabe!