Iyunithi phansi ohlakeni indlu: ukubuyekeza izinketho ekhona

Ngisho noma wena umuntu ikude emkhakheni wezokwakha, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ngaphandle eliphezulu phansi esehlanganise siphile ungakhululekile kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza izakhiwo ngezinto ezahlukene. Ayikho ngaphandle futhi isidumbu ukwakhiwa. Uma uhlele kahle ukwakhiwa ocansini, bese ingasetshenziswa ukulondoloza zasendlini efudumele futhi udale ukwesekwa okunokwethenjelwa okuyonabela ukusetshenziswa isakhiwo amashumi eminyaka.

Ukuze ukwakhiwa amandla, dala phansi anolaka, ezizosebenza njengesisekelo topcoat esizayo.

Design izici subfloor

Uma kuyoba iyunithi phansi ohlakeni endlini, isinyathelo sokuqala kuyadingeka ukudala ijazi anolaka, okufanele lushelele, flat, futhi enokwethenjelwa. Ekugcineni a enamathela ezinjalo ngeke wenziwe, isibonelo, laminate. Injongo eyinhloko yale design iyunifomu umthwalo ukusatshalaliswa phezu. Ngakho ungakwazi ukuqeda okuvela eguqa ukusonteka kanye enamathela kokuphothula. Idivayisi ucansi endlini Uhlaka kungenziwa kwenziwe ubuchwepheshe eziningana, kodwa ethandwa kakhulu futhi sisasebenza nanamuhla kubhekwe izingodo, screed omile phansi noma screed ezimanzi ebusweni inhlabathi.

Izigaba ukwakhiwa kwalesi subfloor kuya joists

Uma unquma ukusebenzisa inqubo esibandakanya ukusetshenziswa lag ke sifeze umsebenzi kuyoba ngezigaba eziningana. Lezo zinto amabhlogo ezingacubunguliwe zazo wahlela ukweqa noma phansi. ukuqondanisa wabo kumele kwenziwe ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho uzobe limbozwe Qeda enamathela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa ngembazo abavamile. Izinkuni bavikelekile izici nolaka futhi ukuchayeka izinambuzane, okuyiwona izakhi ebusweni kusetshenzwe Ukwakheka isinqandakuvunda.

Uma embondelene izingodo ku kweqa, umqhele engenhla izindonga anemifantu ukuba usike, okuyinto izofakwa izingodo planed. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lo joists efakwe izinsika isitini okuqinisa uhlelo futhi wandise ukusetshenziswa design. Uma ufaka enamathela anolaka Kwenziwa phansi, phansi ligcwele pre-luthuli embhedeni kwetshe cm 2, okumele uphawu. Laghi setha ezinsikeni asekelayo exhunyiwe isisekelo, + kodwa ukuze bazivikele umswakama uyokwelula ukuphila isakhiwo.

serekhodi

idivayisi phansi endlini Uhlaka zingenziwa plywood futhi okuyinto efakwe joists. Lokhu samuntu kuyahluka etholwe Ibhajethi futhi ihlala isikhathi eside futhi liyasiza. Ukuze okunokwethenjelwa yasibamba izakhi azungezwe kudingeka ukubeka nemigoqo encane, kusukela lapho ukusebenzisa ikesi lokhuni. Plywood amashidi awashintsheki ngezikulufo ekhethekile noma izipikili, ibanga elibahlukanisile kufanele alingane 150 mm.

Ngemva kokuphothulwa idatha umsebenzi usungaqala beka uhlobo ukushisa ekuvikeleni ukwaziswa okusemakhasini substrate amaminerali yoboya noma ngaphansi laminate.

Ukudala enamathela anolaka ngesisekelo screed ezimanzi

Uma kuyoba iyunithi phansi ohlakeni endlini, singasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe phansi screed ezimanzi. Le nqubo akuyona njalo akukhetha ngenxa yokuthi ebusweni phansi uzodinga ushiye omiswe, oyothatha amasonto ambalwa. Umnqamulajuqu kuzoncika izimo zezulu. Namuhla, izindlela ezimbili zaziwa screed ezimanzi, omunye okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa usimende nosimende, kuyilapho omunye - self-yokululama phansi. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu ukwakha isizinda esinjalo uba ukusetshenziswa usimende M-250.

Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukuthola surface bushelelezi ngenxa iinthombe izithako polymer. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, anika enamathela ukumelana ekucindezelekeni lokukhanda. I ukujiya zalesi simiso zingahluka phakathi 30 no-100 mm. Coupler eminye aqiniswe izakhi zensimbi.

umsebenzi wokwenza amalungiselelo

Iinsetjenziswa subfloor ohlakeni endlini kungaba ezimanzi-indlela ebeka screed. Esigabeni wokulungiselela, kulesi simo base kufanele ahlanze ngokususa uthuli, lezinto angaphandle nokungcola.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo selibekiwe ungangenisi amanzi of polyethylene ifilimu, futhi kubalulekile ukuze usethe tape kanye azungezwe, okuyinto eyokwenza ukunwetshwa ezishisayo ingxube. Uma ebusweni has ukuhlukahluka ezahlukene kusukela 2 kuya ku-4 mm, kubalulekile ukufaka amabhikhoni ezihlinzeka surface ngokuphelele flat emva ukusakaza.

Le ndlela yokwenza umsebenzi

Lapho phansi wenziwa apharathasi Uhlaka endlini isisekelo itheyiphu ke isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuba alulaze ingxube futhi sizisebenzisa, ahlelembe wayibhinca ekhethekile. Kusukela abasafufusa air Bubbles kudingeka balahle wakhuluma-ke roughing screed ishiywa ukuze ome isikhathi esingangenyanga. Uma amandla Pick phansi, ingasetshenziswa njengendlela base anolaka laying iyiphi sekugcineni spin, kuhlanganise Tile Ceramic, linoleum, amapulangwe aphansi amabhodi noma laminate.

izeluleko kongoti

Hlomisani self-yokululama phansi ukuthi iyoba phansi anolaka, kungcono uma kwamanzi kudinga ukuqondanisa nge umyela-30 mm. Nokho, ingxube enjalo sisetshenziswa phansi akuvunyelwe nhlobo, njengoba ukwakheka kuhilela isidingo endaweni eqinile, njengokuthi screed ukhonkolo.

Indaba kudingeka ivikelwe nokusondelana umswakama, Nokho nishaye kudingekile ukuba zingangenwa ngamanzi ifilimu. Uhlonze lwalo ziyahlukahluka kusuka 1 kuya 2 mm. Nokho, Ubuchwepheshe laying ikhambi elinjalo kufana inqubo esiye kuchaziwe ngenhla, iphansi self-yokululama ome ngokushesha, futhi bafeze umsebenzi okunye kuyoba ezinsukwini ezingu-10.

Naphansi endlini ifreyimu isikulufa yinqwaba

Idivayisi phansi ifreyimu endlini ababevinjezelwe isikulufa izobandakanya ukusetshenziswa ugodo, isiteshi noma mina-ugongolo. Ukuze afeze umsebenzi kungaba ngokushesha emva ukwakhiwa inqwaba isisekelo. Strapping ingasetshenziswa imishayo yokhuni, okuyinto Banamathele joists. imishayo span obuphelele kumele singeqi ezingeni ngamamitha amathathu. Uma span mkhulu kunezinhliziyo lesi silinganiso, kubalulekile ukusekela ukusetshenziswa ngokwengeziwe yinqwaba. Ukuze nezingodo zokwakha nokubaza-kwesigaba ngemishayo kutuswa 100 mm, njengoba okubalulekile engcono esetshenziswa izinkuni coniferous.

Ngaphambi kokufaka piping kudingeka kwenziwe ngosizo isisekelo ungangenisi amanzi ukufulela impahla, ifilimu plastic noma penofol. Lapho phansi wenziwa idivayisi isakhiwo ifreyimu phezu kwezingodo uqhubeke ekubekeni lag emva ukufakwa imishayo. Ibanga phakathi kwalezi izakhi kufanele sifinyelele 500 mm. Ukuze joists phansi yokuqala asetshenziselwa yinqwaba, esigabeni kabani engu- kufanele sifinyelele ku-250 mm. Nakuba izici efanelekayo ku 70x200 mm ngokubukeka esitezi sesibili. Uma nezipani kukhona incane, ikakhulukazi maqondana zangasese kanye zokugezela, isigaba imishayo zingancishiswa 50x150 mm.

Ukuze kwandiswe amandla isakhiwo, ibanga phakathi imishayo zingancishiswa 40 cm. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka laying lag, kubalulekile ukwenza ukwehlukaniswa, okuzokwenza ukunquma ibanga emkhatsini wetincenye teluhlaka. In esigabeni esilandelayo strapping induku kudingeka kwenziwe ngokujulisa ububanzi amabhodi. Njengoba nje Slots strapping lamapulangwe izingodo, bona ingalungiswa nge dowels, ngezikulufo, izinzipho noma ngezikulufo.

Lapho kwenziwa uhlaka endlini idivayisi phansi, izithombe akhuthazwa ukuba ayicabangele kusengaphambili. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuyokusiza ukuba uqonde, ngalokho amasu ukuba afeze umsebenzi. Ekhuluma osekushiwo kungaba kuqashelwe ukuthi joists phansi awashintsheki ebhodini kwesigaba sikwele uhlangothi 30 mm. Ukuze kwandiswe amandla isakhiwo phansi, imishayo axhunyiwe ngu webs transverse, ibanga phakathi okuyinto 150 cm. Nokho, kulesi simo akuyona impoqo.

Underfloor phezu kwesitofu

Uma usuqede ekwakheni indlu Uhlaka njengoba ipuleti base okuyinto ethatha, sekuyisikhathi ukwenza idivayisi phansi efudumele. Kumila iyadingeka ukuba ihlanzekile futhi yomile, futhi umehluko esiphezulu ukuphakama akumele kube ngaphezu kuka 0.5 cm. Kungenjalo uhlevane qondanisa. Ukuze lesi sendlalelo sisetshenziswa ngezinye izikhathi ngisho yekhwalithi ephansi ukhonkolo.

Lapho kwenziwa uhlaka endlini idivayisi floor ipuleti, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubeka waterproof ukuze wenza indima isithiyo umusi. Ungasebenzisa kufakwe epulasitikini. imidwebo kuyendlulela kufanele kube ngu-12 cm, futhi emalungeni zihlangene nge ngethephu enamathelayo. Kubalulekile ukuba abeke ungqimba obukhulu ukwahlukanisa, okuyinto ukuqeda ukulahleka ukushisa. Indaba okusebenza kakhulu akutholakali penofol. Floor Ukushisa kudivayisi endlini ifreyimu esigabeni esilandelayo kuhilela kubekwa iphayiphi, okuyinto ke zizogcwaliswa efanayo screed ukhonkolo.