Iyini indima zinc emzimbeni womuntu?

Phakathi insimbi ion okuyizinto ingxenye organic compounds, indawo ebalulekile kungokwalabo zinc. Biochemists awungenisa iqembu izakhi mkhondo, ogama okuqukethwe kuseli lingaphansi kuka 0,0001%. zinc cations kungatholakala kokubili isilwane futhi isitshalo eziphilayo, lapho eyilungu izinto eziphila abakhuthele, njengama-hormone kanye enzyme, ama-nucleotide, lipids futhi esters. Iqhaza zinc emzimbeni womuntu ehlukahlukene: kubalulekile ukuba umzimba efanele, inkambo evamile izinqubo mzimba umsebenzi zokuzala. Kuleli phephandaba sicabangela izakhiwo zezakhi ezingaphezu equkethe trace element zinc, kanye, zikhona yini izibonelo ukufanekisa ukubaluleka kwayo ekulondolozeni homeostasis zomzimba womuntu.

Zinc-athomu njengoba ejenti complexing

enzyme Iningi ukuhlinzeka ukusabela kokuqhuba weseli umzimba, izinto ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ayinsimbi ion, magnesium, ithusi, zinc. Ngo-biochemistry, bebizwa compounds organometallic. Iqhaza zinc emzimbeni womuntu ukuthi, njengoba ion emaphakathi, ingxenye yezinhlayiya hormone, ama-enzyme nezinye izinto eziphila abakhuthele ezifana insulini, lactate, antiproteaznogo amaprotheni igazi. izakhiwo zabo Cabangela eminye.

Ukulawulwa glycolysis

Omunye izigaba umzimba amandla e cell glycolysis - anoxic eqhekeza glucose - main amandla cell impahla. It wenziwa khona lactate enzyme dehydrogenase kuholela ukuguqulwa carbohydrate ku acidosis acid. Ngokweqile lactate ubuthi le cytoplasm cell, ngokuba cleavage we ketshezi ukuze engenangozi pyruvic acid is kwemiqondo kule cytosol of enzyme-zinc. isenzo sayo kuholela neutralization of acidosis acid ezicutshini inhliziyo amaseli, myocytes futhi nephrons, sokukhulula cytoplasm we ubuthi, okufakazela indima ebalulekile zinc emzimbeni womuntu. Okuqukethwe lactate egazini isetshenziswa sitholakele izifo ephelezelwa isithuthukisi okungavamile umzimba, cleavage ikakhulukazi glucose, ezifana nomdlavuza wesibindi, esiswini, iphaphu, izinqubo kwezinso ukuvuvukala kanye nezinguquko esiwohlozayo bemisipha.

Iqhaza zinc ekuthuthukiseni izivikeli mzimba

Lymph node, thymus, obomvu umnkantsha, amalaka ukukhiqiza amaseli nge umphumela evelele okuvikela amagciwane amaprotheni angaphandle kanye ubuthi. Izinga yentuthuko kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni umthinta ngokujulile u empilweni yomuntu, futhi kuncike kakhulu ukwakheka esifike izakhi zokuzivikela: amasosha omzimba, interferon, phagocytes, ama-lymphocyte, ama-macrophage. Njengoba esungulwe izifundo kwamakhemikhali, zonke izinto ngenhla futhi Amangqamuzana alwela ekuqaleni ezithathelwanayo, ezakhiwe iqhaza ngqo timphawu trace. I indima ebalulekile zinc emzimbeni womuntu ukuthi ohilelekile kumiswa T-lymphocyte futhi natural killer cells. Bathwala umthwalo oyinhloko ekususweni amagciwane ayingozi futhi amagciwane adala izifo ezinkulu, njengesifo sofuba, i-pneumonia, immunodeficiency syndrome, njll .. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-zinc ion kusebenze izakhi zofuzo yeselula impendulo esifike izici esicindezelayo kwemvelo futhi kuthuthukise nokuqinisela umzimba kubo. Futhi hormone thymic futhi - thymosin, thymopoietin futhi timulin- bakhuthale khona zinc eziyinkimbinkimbi izinhlayiya ezikhulisa izinqubo mzimba.

Mshini wezenzo we Micronutrient ukuze igciwane lohlobo

Ukuze sandise umbono kuyini indima zinc emzimbeni womuntu, cabangela umsebenzi yayo ekuvimbeni ukufanisana of acid nucleic kanye zamagama wamaprotheni molecule amagciwane. Imiphumela microbiological waqinisekisa umphumela ohlangothini namagciwane zinc ion ku Amagciwane izifo ezifana herpes, encephalitis, Umkhuhlane. Ikakhulu, i-elementi trace ikhuthaza ikhiphela igazi ezahlukene interferon, esiza kusaqalwa sifo ukumisa esiphelweni okusheshayo igciwane izinhlayiya. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi ukuze inqubo ukuhunyushwa amaprotheni we lwegciwane ukuthi avimbelwe. Ngakho, indima begazi zinc e umzimba womuntu owenziwe kahle umphumela wawo onamandla anti-viral olunikezwa ikhono amaseli ukuze simelane ejenti pathogenic.

Zinc ulawula umsebenzi zokuzala lomuntu?

Ikhono nokuzala nokuzala - ebaluleke kakhulu sazo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Ukuze umzimba female idinga zinc ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi ukuntula yayo kubonakala izimpawu premenstrual syndrome: ikhanda, ukubukeka puffiness futhi zibe buhlungu. I element trace iyona ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa efanele owesilisa zokuzala uhlelo nenzalo gametes - isidoda. Wesilisa uhlobo umzimba ekubumbeni, ukusebenza evamile ye gonads - the testes futhi wendlala yabesilisa, isidoda ukusebenza - okungukuthi indima zinc emzimbeni wesilisa. Zinc njenge-ejenti complexing likhona ukubunjwa hormone ezinkulu ubulili - testosterone unesibopho lonke inqubo spermatogenesis, futhi izakhiwo owesilisa zokuzala Libido.

Ukukhula umzimba kanye nokulutheka yayo kusukela organic zinc compounds

Kuyaziwa ukuthi pituitary anterior ukhiqiza i-hormone somatotropin, ebheka izinqubo bokuphila bone ukukhula. Kanye ozokusebenzisa is kuhlelwe hypothalamus insulin molecule okuyizinto polypeptides wabiza somatomedins. Ziqukethe ama-athomu zinc kanye kanye somatotropin faka igazi, ezithinta izinqubo osteogenesis. esiningi ngokweqile nezici ukukhula kuholela ezifweni ezifana acromegaly futhi gigantism (nemilenze uhlasela eside), kanye nokuntuleka hormone ebangela kukobana iba yifitjhani khulu. Zonke amaqiniso angenhla ukufakazela indima juqu zinc emzimbeni wengane, ogama ukukhula izinqubo zilawulwa hormone zinc-aqukethe.

Umsebenzi we-enzyme anhydrase carbonic

Ngo izinqubo catabolic kumaseli namanzi interstitial aqoqana isamba ngokweqile imikhiqizo noqhekeko: acetaldehyde, esters, carbon dioxide. Ukuze uvimbele ukudakwa eqenjini enzyme kuhlanganisa carbonic anhydrase umzimba. Uqukethe eziyinkimbinkimbi zinc ion futhi sithuthukisa ukusabela izinto eziyingozi ngamanzi. Ngenxa yalokho hydration iwukudambisa ubuthi ukuze compounds ingozi amaseli ezifana carbonic acid. Enzyme kanye elithwala umoya-mpilo ingxenye abomvu egazi ashaye yazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo, hhayi nje abantu. anhydrase Carbonic ehlanganisa zinc kanye elise abomvu egazi, owenza usebenze noqhekeko anobuthi acid nosawoti acid carbonate ukuthi buthelela egazini ngenxa emishinini yokuphefumula yangaphakathi, ukuze amanzi nesikhutha. Leli qiniso kubonisa indima ebalulekile zinc kule msebenzi obalulekile yezinto eziphilayo.

Zinc-equkethe enzyme - insulin

Amanyikwe - omunye izitho avelele wokugaya ukudla, ukhiqiza sonke arsenal of enzyme esibalulekile futhi hormone, enye yazo-insulini. Iqukethe ngamaketanga amaprotheni amabili, uyakwazi sesibopho ukuthobisa athomu zinc. Kulesi simo, insulini enza glucose ezitholakala oketshezini olungenambala lwegazi. Kunciphisa insalela kokuvela ngemva kokungenisa carbohydrate eziqukethwe isinkwa, amazambane, imikhiqizo confectionery. Hormone kuveza zesiqhingi ka-Langerhans kwamanyikwe, futhi ngokuntula kwakhe ukwabiwa umuntu eba nesifo sikashukela. I indima ebalulekile zinc emzimbeni womuntu namanje e yokuthi insulini equkethe sithinta umzimba amaprotheni lipids, okubenze bafinyelela depositary fat in the omentum nezicubu ongama adipose.

Yeka indlela okuyingozi ukungabi zinc impilo yomuntu?

Ngaphambili, sinqume ukuthi khona trace element njengoba athomu emaphakathi compounds eziyinkimbinkimbi organic amelwe molecule yama-enzymes ezahlukene. Okuphawulekayo phakathi kwabo fanele izinto eziphila abakhuthele - carboxypeptidase equkethe zinc ion. Enzyme afakiwe ijusi pancreatic futhi kubalulekile ukuze kokudla esiswini evamile ukudla emathunjini duodenum nezincane. Basuke zihilelekile synthesis-hormone ezibalulekile ukusiza ukulawula umzimba: vasopressin, oxytocin, insulini. ithonya Eliqinisekisiwe kwi-zinc-equkethe carboxypeptidases izindlela igazi ekunqandeni, izicubu ukukhanda, ukukhiqizwa kabusha umsebenzi. Kusobala ukuthi i-zinc ukuntula kuthinta inhlalakahle kanye has zimpawu ezilandelayo: nokwehla elibukhali amasosha omzimba, ezifweni ukuba bacindezeleke uthi, iziyaluyalu wokugaya ukudla, i-zokuzala umsebenzi kwezinso ekuthuthukisweni. Konke lokhu kungaholela izinguquko ezingenakuhlehliswa emzimbeni womuntu.

Inani okunomsoco ekuvimbeleni zinc ukuntula

Isici esiphawulekayo isici trace ukuthi kancane amuncwa ngokweqile, izitho zokugaya kusuka yemifino kanye isilwane imikhiqizo: yenkomo, ubisi, lamantongomane, ithanga sesame. Inciphisa zinc ukumuncwa villi we epithelium amathumbu okuqukethwe ezincane ngokweqile kule chyme fibre ongahluziwe, i-folic acid, ama-ion copper, calcium ne-cadmium, okuyizinto abamelene zinc. Le mfuneko yansuku zonke trace element izingane - kusuka 3 kuya ku-7 mg, abesifazane - 8 mg Madoda - 11 mg. indima Kafushane zinc emzimbeni womuntu kungenziwa libhekene kanje: ngesikhathi kwamanyikwe, gonads, isibindi, imisipha nama-lymphocyte, liyisici trace kubalulekile ukugeleza kahle ukusabela umzimba isebenze we wokugaya ukudla, endocrine nezinhlelo human zokuzala.