Ivolumu Minute wegazi: ifomula. inkomba inhliziyo

ivolumu Minute wegazi, ifomula ukuthi ibalwa lesi sibalo, kanye nezinye amaphuzu abalulekile kumelwe nakanjani babe isemithwalweni ulwazi noma yimuphi umfundi wezokwelapha, futhi abantu abaningi abasebenzisa i bazibandakanya emsebenzini owodwa owenziwe wezokwelapha. Kuyini lokhu sibalo njengoba kuthinta impilo yabantu, kungani kubalulekile lodokotela, nokuthi incike ke - izimpendulo zale mibuzo ufuna insizwa noma intombi abafisa ukubhalisa esikoleni sobudokotela. Lawa imibuzo ephendulwa kulesi sihloko.

umsebenzi inhliziyo

Ukubulawa umsebenzi oyinhloko inhliziyo - kwezidingo kwezitho nezicubu ivolumu ezithile igazi per unit isikhathi (inani legazi ngeminithi) ngenxa isimo senhliziyo kanye nezimo abasebenza ngaphansi kwazo kule isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi. Le mission ebalulekile inhliziyo sifundwa kuwo izinsuku esikoleni. Iningi izincwadi komzimba, ngeshwa, inkulumo kancane mayelana nalesi sici. Lokukhipha senhliziyo - esuselwe unhlangothi ivolumu nokushaya kwenhliziyo.

I-MO (SV) = HR x SV

inkomba inhliziyo

Stroke ivolumu - inkomba okuyinto inquma usayizi kanye okukhishwa kukho igazi ukhiphe ngayinye ventricles ukunciphisa, ubukhulu bayo cishe elilingana 70 ml. Inkomba senhliziyo - isixazululo 60-yesibili ivolumu, iguqulwe ngu ndawo ubuso umzimba womuntu. Lapho esephumule, inani layo ejwayelekile mayelana 3 l / iminithi / m ^2.

Ngo abajwayelekile ngomzuzu igazi ivolumu incike ubukhulu umzimba. Ngokwesibonelo, okukhiphayo inhliziyo umuntu enesisindo zesifazane 53 kg, nakanjani kube kakhulu leliphasi kunaleyo wobulili namandla enesisindo 93 kg.

Ngokuvamile, umuntu enesisindo 72 kg ngomzuzu inhliziyo ivolumu kudonswa ngomzuzu 5 l / imiz., Ngaphansi nomthwalo lesi sibalo zingakhula 25 l / imiz.

Esithinta ivolumu okukhipha inhliziyo?

Kuyinto izinkomba ezimbalwa:

• ivolumu systole wegazi ogeleza ATRIUM kwesokudla futhi ventricle ( "inhliziyo kwesokudla"), futhi ukucindezela eyenziwe ke - Layisha.
• ukumelana obuzwiwa imisipha yenhliziyo ngesikhathi ukukhululwa ivolumu esilandelayo igazi ventricle engakwesobunxele - afterload.
• isikhathi nokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye contractility esivimba amanzi, okuyinto ukushintsha ngaphansi kwethonya ebucayi kanye parasympathetic isimiso sezinzwa.

Contractility - ikhono senhliziyo esilimele sika ukukhiqiza singasebenzi nganoma isiphi ubude fibre kwemisipha. Isiqalo nesigcino zonke lezi zici, yebo, kuthinta ngomzuzu igazi ivolumu, isivinini kanye isigqi, kanye neminye imingcele inhliziyo.

Njengoba le nqubo ulawulwa myocardium?

inhliziyo imisipha kwenzeka uma emakamu calcium ngaphakathi engqamuzaneni iba mmol ezingaphezu kuka-100, sakugcina ukubaluleka ezifweni contractile apharathasi calcium.

Ethembele amaseli kuboniswe calcium ion ukwenza bangene cardiomyocyte ngo-L-iziteshi we ulwelwesi, kanye labelwe ngaphakathi kwengqamuzana ku cytoplasm yayo kusukela retikkuluma sarcoplasmic. Ngenxa indlela ombaxambili namarisidi Micronutrient lokuhlushwa yayo inyuka ngokushesha, futhi lokhu ekuqaleni zokunciphisa myocytes inhliziyo. Lokhu ezimbili endleleni "ukuthungela" sici ngoba inhliziyo kuphela. Uma kungekho extracellular calcium kwatheleka, imisipha yenhliziyo ngeke.

i-hormone Norepinephrine, okuyinto ukhululeka nezinzwa nozwela eziyimpumelelo, kuthuthukisa izinga nesivinini futhi contractility wenhliziyo, ngaleyo ndlela kwande okukhipha inhliziyo. Le into kungokwalabo bokuphila ejenti inotropic. Digoxin - a ukuthola iindakamizwa inotropic, esetshenziswa ezimweni ezithile ngoba impatho ephethwe yisifo senhliziyo.

Stroke ivolumu nokucindezelwa ngokugcwalisa

ivolumu Minute igazi i-ventricle engakwesobunxele, kwakheka okuyinto ku diastole ekupheleni futhi isisekelo systole incike kwemisipha izicubu kuyaqina nokucindezelwa ekupheleni-diastolic. Umfutho wegazi enhliziyweni ilungelo ngenxa yokucindezela uhlelo emithambo yegazi.

Lapho ekhula ingcindezi ekupheleni-diastolic, okwandisa amandla izinga elilandelayo nonhlangothi ivolumu. Yileyo ukunciphisa amandla lihlotshaniswa degree of imisipha ukungezwani.

Nomthelela ivolumu systole wegazi esusela ventricles okuthiwa alinganayo. Uma isidoda kusukela i-ventricle yangakwesokudla ziyoyidlula kwekhabhoni ukusuka kwesokunxele isikhathi esithile, angagcina edema yamaphaphu. Nokho, kuneendlela zokuzivikela, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho izenzo reflex, ngenxa lenyuka esisuka of kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba imisipha e-ventricle engakwesobunxele kwandisa umthamo wegazi ukhiphe kuwo. Lokhu kukhuphuka kwemali okukhipha inhliziyo ukuvimbela ingcindezi Ukwakha-up in the yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini bese ubuyisela ibhalansi.

Ngu mshini efanayo nokwanda ejection of umthamo wegazi lapho uvivinya umzimba.

Le ndlela yokwenza - anda ukusikwa inhliziyo lapho welulela imisipha Imicu yotshani - ngokuthi umthetho Frank-Starling. Kuyinto indlela ebalulekile compensatory ukuhluleka inhliziyo.

isinyathelo afterload

Lapho ukwanda wegazi noma ukunyusa ivolumu ye ukhiphe igazi afterload ingase futhi ukhule. Le mpahla kuye kwatholakala futhi baqinisekisa Ucwaningo eminyakeni eminingi edlule, lapho kuvunyelwe ukuchibiyela izibalo amafomula.

Uma igazi ventricle engakwesobunxele uyakhishwa endaweni ukumelana ke esikhathini esithile ivolumu asalile igazi ventricle engakwesobunxele iyokwanda anda extensibility myofibrils, it kwandisa umthamo unhlangothi futhi ngenxa yalokho - anda inhliziyo okukhipha igazi umthetho ngokuvumelana Frank-Starling. Ngemva imijikelezo eziningana, inani legazi kubuyela yasekuqaleni.
Autonomic nervous system - Umlawuli sangaphandle okukhipha inhliziyo.

Ventricular ingcindezi ukugcwalisa, izinguquko kwenhliziyo futhi contractility Ungashintsha ivolumu unhlangothi. Central ingcindezi pooling eyeqile autonomic nervous system kuyizimbangela ezilawula okukhipha inhliziyo.

Ngakho, siye sacabangela imiqondo nezincazelo ezishiwo sendvulelo lesi sihloko. Sithemba ulwazi elinikezwe ngenhla kuyoba usizo ubani nesithakazelo isihloko yaveza abantu.