Kungani kusabangela ukuphikisana kwengqondo ngomfanekiso kaCatherine? I-Ostrovsky "Ukuduma Kwezulu" - umdlalo ezenzweni ezinhlanu - kuqondwa ngezindlela ezahlukene ngisho nabagxeka abahlakaniphile uDobrolyubov noPisarev. Ngolunye uguquko bonke abahlaziyi bombhalo: ukuqonda okungenasisekelo kungukuphila okungcolile kwe-Russian Phillipine hinterland yekhulu le-XIX (idolobha eliqanjiwe likaKalinov). ERussia, kwakukhona ukulimala. I-serfdom, njengezibopho, yavimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezwe elikhulu. U-Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky umsebenzi wakhe wakwazi ukuvuselela i-intelligentsia yaseRussia, ebonisa isithombe esinomzwelo kakhulu ngesiphetho esibuhlungu.
Uphi isithombe sikaCatherine
Umlingisi oyinhloko uhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu yowesifazane osemusha onokubuka umhlaba wonke, ukuqonda okungokomoya okujulile, imizwelo eqinile. Unikwe izifiso, hhayi ukucindezelwa ngenxa. Ngokusobala, ukudlala kuka-Ostrovsky "I-Storm" kubuye kuboniswe ku-autobiography. Isithombe sikaKaterina, owenze isinqumo sokungashadile, wadalwa ngu-Ostrovsky, ngokusobala wehla kulo mfanekiso - umdlali weKositskaya Lyubov Pavlovna. Bobabili umlingisi nomdlali wezemidlalo babe nemindeni yabo, kodwa ubudlelwane babo bobudlelwane babungenangqondo. Ngokuqinisekile, izwe lobuhlobo bobudlelwane balaba bantu ababili bokudala lalicebile. Kulo, kusobala, kwakukhona ukungqubuzana okuthile phakathi kobudlelwane bomndeni kanye nothando oluthandekayo "ohlangothini". Yeka ukuthi ukukhishwa kwakhe kulesi sigameko esibuhlungu besifazane waseRussia futhi kwabonakala kanjani umdlalo ka-Ostrovsky "Isivunguvungu." Umfanekiso kaKaterina kuwo uhlukanisa futhi nanoma yisiphi isithombe esivela endaweni yakhe, kanye nayo yonke imvelo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
I heroine esemqoka ye "Ukuduma Kwezulu" kanye nomuzi wakhe
Isimo somphakathi sikaKaterina ngumalokazana womthengisi. Intombazane yathatha uThith Kabanov. Ngomyeni bahlala endlini enothile noninazala kaMarta Ignatyevna. U-Tikhon unodade ongashadile, uVarvara. Uhlala futhi endlini. I-"ideologist yomndeni" eyinhloko ngumamazala wakhe. Uphikisa isithombe sikaCatherine. I-Ostrovsky "Storm", njengoba igama lomsebenzi, ngokusho kukaDobrolyubov, kubonisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kobudlova nokuthula. Futhi ukuxhashazeka ngempela endlini kaKabanovs kuqhubeka kahle: UMarfa Ignatyevna ungowesifazane ohloniphekile, ohloniphekile. Ukuziphatha kwalo akunamandla-ukuzenzisa. Akathandanga ukuvumelanisa indlela yasekhaya nezifiso zakwabo abahlobo. Kungani? I-Cabanha (lena yisidlaliso sakhe) uyazi "ukuthi kufanele kube kanjani." Futhi yonke indlu iyamlalela. Kodwa umalokazana kuphela kuphela ongavumelani nomoya kanye ne-mercantilism.
Isithombe sikaKaterina embonweni wabagxeki
Ngokomgxeki wezincwadi uPisarev, isithombe sikaKaterina asifani nesimo esiqinile noma ingqondo ecacile. U-Ostrovsky "I-Storm" (njengegama lomdlalo) uveza enye impikiswano - phakathi kwesimo sengqondo se-heroine nezwe langaphandle. Ngokuqinisekile izwe alihambisani. Kodwa uKaterina unqatshelwe ngokuyinhloko umlobi wensimbi eyinhloko yokuhlalisana komphakathi - ukuthobeka kobuKristu. Ngokusho kukaPisarev, kuye kusukela ebuntwaneni, umthamo wokwenza umbhikisho ongenangqondo uhlelwe. Ngokusho kombono kaDobrolyubov, uzimisele ngokuthi "ukuphasana kokuphila", unayo "amandla okuziphatha". I-polemic of scholars yombhalo iyabonakala. Kodwa kunzima ukungavumelani noPisarev: imizwelo kanye nezinkanuko kuphela zakha umfanekiso kaKaterina. U-Ostrovsky "Ukuduma Kwezulu" utshela ukuthi owesifazane osemusha uvele akwanele ukushintshanisa imibono enothando ngokuvela komzwelo kaBoris (umshana ofundele umthengisi ocebile uSusel Prokofievich Wild). Awuqondi ngempela ukuthi ungumuntu onjani, intombazane iduka emoyeni wayo njenge-whirlpool, enekhanda layo. Ukuziqhenya nokunganaki ukufa kwesifazane osemusha. "Okudlulele" uDobrolyubov wabona isizathu sakhe ekungafuni i heroine ukuba aphile ezweni elinenkohliso elikhohlisayo. I-Pisarev enengqondo elandelwayo yalandelwa ukuthi isazi sengqondo sengqondo sangempela, uchungechunge olunengqondo lwezindinganiso zakhe, kwaholela esiteji esibulalayo. Kuyisici uKaterina engacabangi ngisho nokuzibulala. Ngosuku yena wafunda ukuthi abathandekayo uBoris baya eSiberia nokuthi akayithathi naye. UKaterina udinga ukubuyela ekhaya, kodwa ngesizathu esithile unquma ukuthi kuyoba ngcono "ethuneni." Khona-ke lo wesifazane osemusha ukhumbula engxenyeni yokuhlangana-ensimini ethuneni. Ukukhohlwa ukuthi kuyisono, kuthinteka umbuso owubucabango obucatshangelwayo, ugobile izingalo zakhe, ugijima waya eVolga.
Iziphetho
Isithombe sikaKaterina ngokuqinisekile siqhakazile. U-Ostrovsky wakwazi ukubonisa ngokuthembeka ukuqala kokucabanga kwakhe, ukuvuleka kwemizwa. Kulokho akukho okufakwayo, okufakiwe. Kufana nesici semvelo: imizwa nemizwelo inquma inkambo yokuphila kwakhe. Yebo, kubonakala phakathi kwendilinga ye-philistine. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka yini ukuyibiza ngokuthi "ray of light" ngendlela enomusa? Empeleni, ngaphandle kokuvuleka kwemizwa, "ukukhanya" kuhlobene nokucabanga, ngenkonzo, ngomusa. Ukuphila komuntu okhanyayo akuyona i-flash ebusuku, kodwa ukukhanyiswa ukukhanya okulula ngisho nakho konke okuzungezile. Ngalo mqondo, "ukukhanya okukhanya" yizithombe ezibhalwe kahle: uMaria Bolkonskaya onamehlo akhe angenakuqhathaniswa, uMary Melanie ("Wahamba Ngomoya").