Isisho - lokho kanye lapho isetshenziswa? ulimi Izaga Russian

Kunzima ukucabanga inkulumo lapho wayengeke wezwa amapharele ezifana izinkulumo ethandwa, tisho. Lokhu ingcebo nganoma yiluphi ulimi, yomhlobiso wawo. Ukutadisha Expressions enikelwe igatsha lonke wesayensi yezilimi - phraseology.

Kuyini inkulumo?

Philologist e lenqwaba imishwana egqamile futhi eyingqayizivele ukuchaza izinhlobo ezintathu rotations: phraseological inhlanganisela, ubunye Fusion. I last - lena isisho. Kuyini Fusion? Lokhu isisho, okuyinto wokufihla ihlukaniswe, isb. E. Inani layo akuyona ethathwe inshokutsi yemagama yayo ephambili. Izaga Abaningi izingxenye kakade yisikhathi ifomu noma umuzwa, manje, akucacile.

Bright Ngokwesibonelo ngokwanele uwukubonakaliswa "nokunensa". Isetshenziselwa lapho ufuna ukutshela ukuthi umuntu ingenzi lutho, ecabanga neze, yini izithupha futhi kungani kubalulekile ukuba beat. Ezikhathini zangaphambili, kwakuwumyalezo umsebenzi olula ukuthi akudingi amakhono akhethekile noma amakhono, amandla ngisho ingane: okhunini ukuze ahlukaniselwe izikhala, okuyizinto khona-ke inkosi yokukhiqiza nezinto ezihlukahlukene yasendlini, ezifana nezinkezo lokhuni.

Igama elithi "inkulumo esho" kusukela yamaGreki asendulo ihumusha ngokuthi "sici, okwakhe," "ukushushumbisa ekhethekile." By the way, yini isisho, it is kahle efanekiselwa umzamo kuhunyushwa isivinini ku izilimi zakwamanye amazwe. Kwenze cishe akunakwenzeka, njengoba besho, i play UNTRANSLATABLE ngamagama.

Ukusetshenziswa Izaga izincwadi

Kunzima ukucabanga noma yimuphi umsebenzi, okuyinto ngeke ziye zasetshenziswa tisho. ke Literary ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa yabo iba lifiphele futhi ezibonakala emishinini. Ipholisemi isiRashiya is ngakho ngokwemvelo bahlala-ke, ngezinye izikhathi alimazanga ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa.

Zama ukukubona ngeso lengqondo inkhulumomphendvulwano lapho umuntu oyedwa etshela omunye mayelana ukuchuma ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo ezinye wesithathu, kungaba ukuchaza nje ecebile. Ngokuvamile, waselula ke kafushane futhi ngokucacile: "Yebo anakho imali ukuba ashise," njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, kwenza Heroine in the play by Alexander Ostrovsky "abantu baKhe - zibaliwe."

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi imizwa yakho kanye laseChekhov, futhi Shmelev, nezinye zabuna futhi abalobi. Futhi lokhu Yebo, hhayi kuphela ndlela yokukhuluma evamile enjalo. Izibonelo lungenzeka ngokungenamkhawulo.

Isici esibaluleke kakhulu phraseology kuyinto ehilela uhlamvu zabo ezingokomfanekiso. Academician N. M. Shansky ngisho wabanika definition njengendlela "imisebenzi miniature yobuciko." Ingabe zikhona ngokugcwele ngaphandle lezi zidalwa esikhulu?

Ukusetshenziswa Izaga kwabezindaba

emaphephandabeni anamuhla nomagazini ozama intshumayelo yabo izinto imiva, imiva. Abezindaba ulimi is ahlanganiswe ikhono nesivinini engaguquki hhayi kuphela ukubona ezinye into noma mkhuba, kodwa futhi ukuze babonise izilinganiso abalobi bazo. It emotionality 'imisebenzi' ka phraseology. izimfanelo zabo obusebenzayo nesitayela kabanzi ezihlukahlukene izinhlobo journalism.

ulimi Izaga Russian emkhakheni abezindaba "abavuma" ushintshashintsha kubo ngamagama kanye engeza noma kunciphise kubo, ukuthi ngokuyinhloko okuphikisana Ngokombono ongokwesayensi ku isakhiwo phraseology. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze uthole isipiliyoni ezidingekayo.

Ngakho, ngo-cindezela inganqotshwa tisho "eziphambili" ezifana 'izinkanuko sina bokhela "esikhundleni ayemisa" bokhela izinkanuko "," entanyeni ezinhle lather "-" insipho entanyeni.' Inkulumo ethi "wathatha umlilo namanzi" zingatholakala ngaphandle emazwini okugcina "futhi amapayipi sethusi."

Ukusetshenziswa ohlakaniphe ipholisemi intatheli, izinto esimnandi ngaphezulu uthola, futhi ezanele ngaphezulu kuyoba ukuphendula yomfundi kuso.

Ukusetshenziswa Izaga enkulumweni yansuku zonke

Ngo esitebeleni isivinini lucebe njengoba ukuthi lawa magama, isici esiyinhloko ukuthi bayakwazi izinto igama izimfanelo zabo, imicimbi kanye izimo, kanye nezenzo. ulimi Izaga Russian kungenziwa indawo ngegama elilodwa, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Ngakho, lapho sikhuluma kaningi esikhundleni igama elithi "ngokunganakiwe" livela Inkulumo nzile "nokunensa". Uma ufuna ukugcizelela esincane okuthile, esikhundleni igama elithi "omncane" umsindo ngaphezulu "ngekhala gulkin" noma "akwanele ukuba uthuke inhlamba." Kudida - wayephambanisa, efana (hhayi fancy) - like (ukungathandi). Unganikeza izibonelo eziningi Izaga, lapho umncintiswano ngamazwi ezivamile bayazuza.

Umsindo ingxoxo livelier kakhulu, uma echaza isibindi kothile, abantu bevumelana ukuthi "hhayi abanamahloni"; ukuthi umuntu akazange bawenze kahle umsebenzi wabo kahle, kodwa "ngokusebenzisa isiqu-emphemeni"; futhi omunye egqoke isudu, "brand", ie. e. entsha bese ukhuluma, hamba uhlale 'esiswini komuntu "esikhundleni banal" isidlo. "

Indima Izaga ngesiRashiya

Isisho olimini lwethu ibekwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile. Izaga isiRashiya kabanzi lisetshenziswe imisebenzi oludumile temdzabu, nezincwadi zakudala futhi wesimanje, njengoba ithuluzi ebaluleke kakhulu indalo yabo, kanye abezindaba yokukhuluma yemihla ngemihla.

Zitholakala zonke izinyathelo, futhi ngakho-ke Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ngemvelaphi yabo futhi kudingekile - incazelo, umqondo. Ngenxa yalesi bazokwazi ngokuphumelelayo futhi ngokufanele ukuzisebenzisa nawenza nokwenza inkulumo ezimibalabala more siqu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu lwazi izokusiza ukuba ngiziqonde kangcono imibhalo letehlukene tetemibhalo.

Indima isisho ngolimi lwethu mikhulu futhi ngoba sibonga kubo kungaba kakhulu ngokucace ukuveza isimo sabo sengqondo nesenzakalo esithile noma mkhuba, "kuhlanganise" ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso.

Ungakwazi futhi ukushaya futhi inkulumo lakonizatsiyu. Isisho, yawanciphisa, sengathi ecindezela, ulunika ubungqabavu okukhulu.

Indima Izaga ngezinye izilimi

Isisho - ingcebo silulumagama Russian. Nokho, lolu limi ungqimba ngokwanele futhi esivela nezinye izinhlelo. Kakhulu ezithakazelisayo zibonakala Izaga Chinese, okuyinto ungomunye kwezolimo ebaluleke kakhulu amasiko amasiko kuleli zwe. Isichazamazwi efanele kukhona angaba yizinkulungwane 14.

Okulingana Izaga Chinese ngezinye izilimi kunzima ngempela ukuthola, ngoba zisekelwe ngokuvamile ezinye legend kazwelonke noma elingokomlando.

Ngokufanayo, ingxenye enkulu ye silulumagama ngesiNgisi Izaga ulimi lwesiNgisi. Nge ukudluliswa, kanye kusuka Russian kwezinye angaphandle, lapha futhi, kukhona nobunzima. Njengoba isibonelo yakudala Inkulumo esitebeleni kungaholela ibinzana IsiZulu It liyana amakati nezinja, ngokwezwi nezwi elisho ukuthi "imvula amakati nezinja." Lokhu fanekiso ukuba isisho Russian "kwemvula amakati nezinja."

Njengoba ngolimi lwethu, amaNgisi phraseological umphetho esetshenziswa ezahlukene inkulumo izitayela futhi ezahlukene tetemibhalo.

isiphetho

Ezinye ukuvuvukala phraseological asetshenziswa impela njalo, abanye - ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa yilowo nalowo kubo - uma liqhathaniswa nendawo ka "yegolide" zolimi zikazwelonke umlando wonke abantu.

Ikakhulukazi Ngalo mqondo, emangalisayo isisho Chinese, ngoba hhayi kuphela agcizelele imishwana "ezinamaphiko", kodwa kukhona abathwali isiko China sika bendabuko, okuyinto zazikujabulela by izimfanelo zomuntu ezifana ngokuhlakanipha, ukwethembeka nokuba qotho, imithetho kahle kanye nobungane. Konke lokhu okuqukethwe eyinhloko phraseology China.

Ukubona ukuthi le ndlela yokukhuluma, singaphetha ngokuthi kuba ukuhlakanipha kwabantu, bahlangana nomlando wayo futhi kwalondolozwa ukuze izinsuku zethu. Ukuba khona esitebeleni isivinini okwenyanga unezela ukujula nombala kunoma ngolimi oluthile.