Isimiso kudivayisi okusebenzela kuyo isimame ishayela voltage

Ukuze operation evamile zasendlini adinga voltage esitebeleni. Njengomthetho, eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa ezihlukahlukene kungenzeka inethiwekhi. Voltage kusuka 220 V kungenziwa baphambukile, futhi ukwehluleka kwenzeka kule divayisi. Ukuwa yokuqala ngaphansi kwesibani buhlungu. Uma sicabangela zikagesi endlini, ungase ulimale amathelevishini, imishini elalelwayo namanye amadivayisi ukuthi usebenza kusukela AC.

Kulesi simo, ukusiza abantu eza ukushintsha Regulator voltage. Uyakwazi ngokugcwele ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo kuzuba ezenzeka nsukuzonke. Abaningi ngesikhathi esifanayo bakhathazeka ngendlela kukhona voltage amathonsi, futhi ngawo zihlotshaniswa. Agabe ikakhulu umthwalo transformer. Kuze kube manje, inani zikagesi emizini Kancani kancani okwandisa. Ngenxa yalokho, ukufunwa ugesi ngokuqinisekile zizoba.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi indlu yokuhlala kungenziwa izintambo, sekuyisikhathi eside okuyinto kube kwedethi ezifakiwe. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, efulethini wiring ezimweni eziningi, asakhelwanga imithwalo esindayo. Ukuvikela imishini yabo isakhiwo, kufanele lube ngolwakho zijwayele stabilizers kudivayisi voltage, kanti isimiso wokusebenza kwabo.

Lisho ukuthini isimame?

Ikakhulu ukushintsha voltage Regulator ukhonza njengomdala inethiwekhi isilawuli. Abantu bazo zonke izinhlanga kuleli cala basuke zilandelwa iqedwe. Ngenxa yalokho, imishini ithola voltage esitebeleni. IElectromagnetic ukuphazamiseka isimame nakho kubhekelwe, futhi ukusebenza amadivaysi abakwazi ukuthonya. Ngakho, inethiwekhi kuqeda accelerations, futhi kwakuthethwa amacala lezifunda iDemo is cishe ezikhishiwe.

Iinsetjenziswa isimame elula

Uma sicabangela ejwayelekile ishayela isimame zamanje voltage ke kuphela efakwe eyodwa Transistor. Njengomthetho, bajwayele kuphela ukushintsha uhlobo, njengoba basuke kubhekwe ukuthi kusebenze kakhulu namuhla. Ngenxa yalokho, idivayisi kahle ewusizo lingavuswa kakhulu.

Eyesibili esibalulekile ishayela voltage isimame ingashiwo diodes. Cebo ejwayelekile, lapho betholakala khona akukho kuka amayunithi ezintathu. Basuke exhunywe nomunye nge mpintsha. Ukuze operation evamile transistors kukhona izihlungi ezibalulekile. Basuke efakwe ekuqaleni nasekupheleni iketanga. Kulesi simo control unit obangela capacitor. ingxenye yayo ebalulekile ubhekwa a ehlukanisayo Resistor.

Isebenza kanjani?

Kuye uhlobo idivayisi, isimiso yokusebenza ngamandla kwenhliziyo voltage isimame ziyahlukahluka. Uma ucabangela imodeli ejwayelekile, singasho ukuthi wamanje lokuqala lisetshenzisiwe Transistor. Kulesi sikhathi kwenzeka uguqule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi zihlanganisa diodes, abaphethe ukudluliswa isignali kuya epholisayo. Lapho usebenzisa ehlunga, ukuphazamiseka kagesi kuyaqedwa. Capacitor okwamanje smoothes voltage ukuguquguquka futhi inductor wamanje ngokusebenzisa resistive ehlukanisayo ubuyela transistors yokuguqula.

amadivaysi okuzenzela

Yenza ukushintsha voltage Regulator ngezandla ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa kuyodingeka amandla kancane. Kulokhu, resistors kuyizinto ezivamile. Uma usebenzisa idivayisi ezingaphezu kweyodwa Transistor ingafinyelela ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu. Umsebenzi obalulekile kulokhu ukufaka okuhlungayo. Ingathinta ukuzwela zedivayisi. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ubukhulu zedivayisi ayibalulekile.

Stabilizers nge Transistor olulodwa

Ukushintsha ama Regulator DC voltage uyakwazi lolu hlobo inama i nekusebenta 80%. It ngokuvamile usebenza kwimodi eyodwa kuphela, futhi ungabhekana kanjani nalezi ukuphazamiseka okuncane kuphela inethiwekhi.

Xhumana nathi kuleli cala engekho nhlobo. Transistor ejwayelekile ishayela voltage isimame wesifunda esebenza ngaphandle ngalendoda. Ngenxa yalokho, lo voltage capacitor ngokushesha wasuthisa ezinkulu. Esinye isici insimbi zaloluhlobo zinzima isignali buthaka. yokukhulisa umsindo ezahlukene kuyoyixazulula inkinga.

Ngenxa yalokho, ungase ukwazi sifinyelele Transistor ukusebenza okungcono. Idivayisi Resistor esikuziphathimandla kumelwe nakanjani babe we ehlukanisayo voltage. Kulokhu sizokwazi ukufeza ukusebenza kangcono zedivayisi. Njengoba isilawuli womgwaqo ngesimiso somshini usuke Regulator has iyunithi DC voltage control. Lo msuka uyakwazi buthaka, futhi kwandisa Transistor amandla. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa senzeka esebenzisa inductors, diodes axhunyiwe ohlelweni. Umthwalo isilawuli ilawulwa ngokusebenzisa izihlungi.

Stabilizers ukhiye uhlobo voltage

Lolu hlobo ishayela voltage Regulator 12b kahle isezingeni 60%. Inkinga eyinhloko ukuthi akayena yini ukubhekana ngokuphumelelayo ukuphazamiseka kagesi. Kulokhu amadivayisi nge amandla aminingi ukudlula 10W basengozini. Modern imodeli idatha stabilizers kungaba ozibongayo umkhawulo voltage 12 V umthwalo resistors ngaleyo ndlela kakhulu buthaka. Ngakho, endleleni eya voltage capacitor kungenziwa iguqulwe ngokuphelele. Ngokushesha imvamisa isizukulwane samanje kwenzeka okukhiphayo. Gqoka we capacitor kulokhu incane.

Enye inkinga exhunywe nokusetshenziswa capacitors elula. Empeleni, waba mubi kakhulu. Lonke Inkinga iba amagesi ephezulu imvamisa ezenzeka inethiwekhi. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, abakhiqizi aseqalile ukufakwa ishayela voltage isimame (12 volt) electrolytic uhlobo capacitors. Ngenxa yalokho, izinga lomsebenzi zingathuthukiswa ngokwandisa umthamo zedivayisi.

musa izihlungi Isebenza kanjani?

Umgomo we operation ye lemifanekiso ejwayelekile ukwakhiwa phezu isignali isizukulwane ehlinzekwa wumnikezeli kuya Converter. Kulesi kudivayisi okwengeziwe ukuqhathanisa icushiwe. Ukuze sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo iyehla iyenyuka esikhulu inethiwekhi, lemifanekiso kumele kube amayunithi control. I voltage okukhiphayo kungenziwa eshelelayo.

Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga nge iyehla iyenyuka elincane element isihlungi has umehluko ekhethekile. Ngalo, voltage iya nobuningi umkhawulo asisikhulu kunenkosi 5 Hz. Kulokhu, it has a nethonya elihle isignali, elitholakala ngaso okukhiphayo kohlelo.

Imodeli Ushintshe zedivayisi

Ubuningi umthwalo zamanje lolu hlobo ibonwa ukuba 4 A. wokufaka voltage capacitor uyakwazi kusetshenzwe akukho engaphezu kwengu-15 i-V lamanje okokufaka ipharamitha ngokuvamile esingeqile 5 A. yezwakala kulokhu kube amplitude eliphansi inethiwekhi akukho ngaphezu kuka-50 mV. Kulokhu-ke imvamisa kungenziwa zigcinwe ngaso 4 Hz. Konke lokhu ekugcineni abe nomthelela omuhle kahle jikelele.

onobuhle yamanje okungenhla uhlobo stabilizers sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo umthwalo esifundeni 3 A. Esinye isici sale ukuguqulwa kusengathiwa inqubo ukuguqulwa okusheshayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokungabikho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla transistors esebenza njengamanje eqhubekayo. Ngenxa yalokho, kuba nokwenzeka ekulinganiseni isignali okukhiphayo. Ngesikhathi ekhishwa diode usuke is ngaphezu kwalokho isebenze hlobo. It efakwe kusistimu eduze engeyokuqala voltage. Ukulahlekelwa ziyancipha kakhulu ngaphansi Ukushisa lokhu kuyinzuzo ecacile lolu hlobo stabilizers.

Pulse-ububanzi onobuhle

Pulse ukulungiswa voltage Regulator yalolu hlobo ine nekusebenta 80%. Lamanje uyilinganisele ngo-ongamelana at 2 A. ipharamitha okokufaka voltage silinganiselwa 15 V. Ngakho, okukhiphayo yezwakala lwamanje kakhulu. Isici esiphawulekayo lezi amadivaysi kungenziwa ngokuthi ikhono ukusebenza kwimodi wesifunda. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukumelana nomthwalo kuze 4 A. Kulokhu, izifunda okufutshane zenzeka kakhulu akuvamile.

Phakathi amaphutha kufanele throttles, okuyinto kudingeke ubhekane nayo zinamandla we capacitor kuphawulwe. Ekugcineni, lokhu kuholela ukuguga ngokushesha Resistor. Ukuze sibhekane nale nkinga, abacwaningi basikisela usebenzisa inani elikhulu lazo. I capacitors e inethiwekhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ziyadingeka ukulawula nobuningi yokusebenzisa ithuluzi. Kulokhu, kuba nokwenzeka ukuqeda inqubo oscillation, lapho kahle isimame is kakhulu ziyancipha.

I ukumelana yesifunda futhi kufanele kucatshangelwe. Kuze kube yimanje, ososayensi baye babeka resistors ekhethekile. Futhi, diodes lingakusiza ukuhwebelana elibukhali iketanga. sinjalo Imodi inikwe amandla kuphela uma idivayisi umkhawulo zamanje. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga nge transistors, abanye basebenzisa ukushisa ukususwa izindlela. Kulokhu, ubukhulu kudivayisi ukwandisa kakhulu. Sokuqala esiminyanisa uhlelo ukusebenzisa multi-umzila. I izintambo le njongo kujwayele ukuthatha uchungechunge "Thunga". Bakhandwa ekuqaleni afakwe magnitoprivod okwenziwé inkomishi hlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona i-elementi ezifana ferrite. Phakathi kwabo kufanele kwagcina kumiswe igebe ezingekho ngaphezu 0.5 mm.

Stabilizers ngoba yasekhaya ukusebenzisa uchungechunge ezifanele kakhulu "VD4". umthwalo lamanje, bayakwazi ukumelana abalulekile ngenxa ushintsho ezilinganiselwe e ukumelana. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-Resistor ngeke sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo encane iselulo segama lefayela. Voltage uvo idivayisi advantageously badabula izihlungi yochungechunge HP.

Njengoba isimame ukuze ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo yezwakala elincane?

Eyokuqala ishayela voltage Regulator 5B isebenze ukusebenza iyunithi okuyinto ixhunywe capacitor. ireferensi umthombo zamanje ngaleyo ndlela kufanele zithumela umlayezo kuya comparator. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga umsebenzi ukuguqulwa ijoyina DC amplifier. Ngakho, umuntu angabona ngokushesha ukubala esiphezulu amplitude iyehla iyenyuka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusebenzisa exhasa isitoreji zamanje ageleza eya diode usuke. Ukuze voltage okokufaka uqinile, kukhona isihlungi okukhiphayo. Reserve imvamisa ngaleyo ndlela ingase ihluke kakhulu. Umthwalo Transistor uyakwazi withstanding ezingeqi kwezingu-14 kHz. Voltage inductor icala emazombezombe. Ngenxa zamanje ferrite kungenziwa uhlaliseke lapho besanda kuqala.

Ukugqama-ngcono uhlobo stabilizers

Pulse isinyathelo-up voltage Regulator libhekene capacitors enamandla. Phakathi impendulo bathatha wonke umthwalo ngakuyena. Inethiwekhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele zitholakale ngabodwa kukagesi. Uyaphendula ukwandisa kuphela nobuningi umkhawulo kohlelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuyisici esibalulekile yayingase ibizwe ngokuthi u esangweni, esemgwaqweni ngemuva Transistor. Yamanje elamukelayo lusuka ku-umthombo wamandla. Ngesikhathi okukhiphayo yenqubo ukuguqulwa kususelwa mpintsha. Kulesi sigaba, kwakheka epholisayo is ensimini kagesi. I Transistor ngaleyo ndlela etholwe oba voltage. Inqubo iqala uchungechunge inductance.

Diodes kulesigaba ngeke isetshenziswe. Into yokuqala le mpintsha unika voltage phezu capacitor, bese Transistor ithumela yona lemifanekiso futhi phezu mpintsha futhi. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka impendulo. Kwenzeka njengoba nje ekulinganiseni voltage phezu control unit. Lokhu kuyomsiza ukusetha diodes, okuyinto ukwamukela isiginali kusuka transistors futhi capacitor isimame.

Isimiso ezisebenza amadivayisi inverting

Yonke inqubo ye kombhala lihlotshaniswa ukusebenza kwawo Converter. Usuke voltage AC voltage we Transistor is elibiyelwe uchungechunge "BT". Esinye isici kohlelo ingashiwo Resistor okuyinto uqaphe inqubo oscillatory. lokungeniswa Direct ukwehlisa imvamisa mkhawulo. Ngesikhathi itheku kukhona 3 Hz. Ngemva kokuguqula izinqubo Transistor kutshela i capacitor. Ekugcineni nomkhawulo imvamisa uyakwazi kabili. Ukuze kuzuba yayiya ebonakalayo, udinga Lidlulisela enamandla.

Ukumelana enqubeni oscillatory nakho kubhekelwe. Lokhu ipharamitha esiphezulu ezingeni kuvunyelwe-10 ohms. Kungenjalo isignali diodes Transistor ngeke bakwazi ukudlulisa. Enye inkinga itholakala ukuphazamiseka kazibuthe, okuyinto ayatholakala okukhiphayo. Ukuze izinhlangano zikwazi ukusungula ezihlukahlukene okuhlungayo, ESIKLINYAYO wasebenzisa uchungechunge "NM". Umthwalo phezu transistors incike capacitor umthwalo. Ngesikhathi okukhiphayo icushiwe magnitoprivod, isimame esiza ukunciphisa ukumelana uphawu oyifunayo.

Kanjani ukwehlisa stabilizers?

Pulse isinyathelo-phansi voltage Regulator ngokuvamile ifakwe epholisayo "kl" chungechunge. Kulokhu, angabawa kakhulu ukusiza ne yangaphakathi kudivayisi ukumelana. Amandla kagesi kanye ezihlukahlukene waqonda. Isilinganiso ukumelana ipharamitha liyashintshashintsha emhlabeni 2 ohms. Ukuze inkomba imvamisa isebenza kufanele kube resistors, okuyinto uxhumeke kwi-control unit kutshela Transmitter.

Ingxenye umthwalo iphelelwe ngenxa inqubo self-lokungeniswa. Kukhona-ke wayedabuka ku capacitor. Ngenxa nokukhawulela imvamisa impendulo inqubo uyakwazi ukufeza ezinye onobuhle 3Hz. Kulokhu, emkhakheni kagesi yesifunda kagesi azinamphumela.

amandla kagesi

Ngokuvamile, amandla kagesi asetshenziswa inethiwekhi 220 V Kulokhu, ishayela kusukela Regulator voltage ungalindela ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu. Ukuguqula inombolo ngqo wamanje abalwa ka transistors ohlelweni. Amandla transformers e segezi kuyaqabukela esetshenziswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokungabikho kuya intuthuko enkulu. Nokho, esikhundleni avame efakwe rectifiers. Okuphakela amandla it has filtration ohlelweni lwaso, okuyinto kuzole umkhawulo voltage.

Kungani ukufaka ukunwetshwa amalunga omzimba?

Ukunwetshwa amalunga iningi amacala, ukudlala yesibili indima isimame. It ixhunywe ukulungiswa ishayela. Ikakhulu ukuze ubhekane nalezi transistors. Nokho, kunezinzuzo zako babe ukunwetshwa emalungeni zikhona. Kulokhu, ukuthi okuningi kuncike endleleni lokho amadivayisi axhunyiwe kumthombo wamandla.

Ekhuluma emsakazweni, lapha idinga indlela ekhethekile. Ixhumeke nge kunyakaza ezahlukene okuyinto ziqondakala ehlukile leli thuluzi. Kulokhu, emalungeni ukunwetshwa bayakwazi ukusiza transistors e ukulawulwa voltage. Ukufaka izihlungi ezengeziwe iketanga, njengoba umthetho, isimo ingakuthuthukisi. Nokho, zithonya kakhulu nekusebenta.

Okumbi interchanges kukagesi

Kukagesi decoupling isethi yokudlulisela isignali emkhatsini wetincenye teluhlaka ebalulekile ohlelweni. Inkinga yabo eyinhloko kungaba ngokuthi ukulinganisa bamanga voltage input. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuvamile kakhulu amadala onobuhle stabilizers. Abalawuli abakwazi ngokushesha ulwazi futhi ukuxhuma umsebenzi we capacitors. Ngenxa yalokho, i-diodes iyathinteka kuqala. Uma uhlelo filtration isethelwe lo resistors yesifunda, bamane zishiswe.