Investment Imibono For Beginners

Omunye izihloko ethandwa kakhulu okuxoxwe ngazo izindaba nezinhlelo kwezomnotho, iwukuba izimali. Ngokuvamile, izindaba izinto ezigcwele agumenti ngesidingo ukuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali angaphandle emikhakheni eyehlukene yomnotho, umnotho kanye nezimboni. Nokho, utshalomali - kuyinto wezigidigidi dollar tibalo yisicefe futhi engaqondakali monologues zezomnotho hhayi kuphela. Kunezinhlobo kokutshalwa angadingi ulwazi olukhethekile kusukela iqhaza noma eningi kakhulu. Ngosizo a utshalomali abanekhono cishe wonke umuntu angayisebenzisa ukwandisa imali yabo.

Ake sihlole kwencazelo

Ngomqondo obanzi, investimenti izwi libizwa eside zezimali, ezingokoqobo noma angaphatheki utshalomali kunoma iyiphi ibhizinisi, isikhungo noma project, okuyinto ihlose abe inzuzo ngemva kwenkathi ethile.

Imininingwane yalolu utshalomali wukuthi zimali engakutholi Imiphumela esheshayo, njengoba amathemba umsebenzi wesikhathi eside izimali zabo. Lapho ukutshala imali enkulu yesikhathi izindleko zenzeka, okuyinto ke kuletha imali enkulu izindleko esizayo noma okuhle, ezinzile, inzuzo yesikhathi eside.

Ubani ongonga

Umnotfo yesimanje ngeke akwenze ngaphandle insimbi ezinjalo ezingokwezimali njengenhlangano utshalomali. Ukuze afeze imisebenzi ehlobene ukuzalisa imali yesikhathi eside kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene, kungaba njengoba conglomerates ngamazwe izinkampani, izikhungo zezimali (amabhange) kanye nabantu nje.

Ukuze silondoloze utshalomali zimali uwedwa noma ngokuvumelana izincomo consultant uphatha imali yayo, izibambiso noma izimpahla eziphathekayo (izakhiwo, izindawo ingqalasizinda, imishini, izinto zokusetshenziswa). Futhi kwempahla angaphatheki (amalungelo, patent, ingasetshenziswa njengenhlangano utshalomali ebhaliwe yengqondo amalungelo, ukuthakazela).

Izici esasenza utshalomali

Kanye yokuthi incazelo utshalomali kuhlanganisa elithi "utshalomali", banalo umehluko ezimbalwa kwezinye izinhlobo imali:

1. Abatshalizimali ulindele inzuzo ehlala isikhathi eside. Ekusebenteni, ukuhlinzwa ehlala ngaphezu konyaka owodwa kakade ukhulunyelwa 'njengenkosi investimenti. Ukuba khona inzuzo kwezomnotho sihlelelwe iminyaka eminingi. Esifushane utshalomali okuyinto uthembisa ukubuya fast utshalomali - lena ukufunisela.
2. Isimo esiyinhloko ukutshalwa - ukuba khona inzuzo. Loku kuhlukile ukutshalwa eziningi ezingenanzuzo.

Kungani kufanele ube nesithakazelo ekutheni nokusi-

Namuhla, ukuze azethembe ngokwanele buthelela isamba icocekile. Lo mkhuba emali, manje noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, "ukudla" yonke imali, kusale kuphela ukukhungatheka nentukuthelo.

A ezihlukahlukene imibono utshalomali, okuyinto zenzelwe nganoma yisiphi amanani utshalomali abakwazi kuphela ukuvikela imali, kodwa futhi ukwandisa kubo.

Ukusebenzisa izimali ku isinyathelo inzuzo noma inqubo ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo izothandwa, singahlinzeka umphumela njalo komnotho wenarha yabo boke dolobha. Kuye ukubaluleka izimali kanye nekhono bachithe kubo inzuzo okuholela kungaba okunokwethenjelwa eside umthombo engenayo. Ukuze sibe abaphumelela ngempela utshalomali kuwufanele ukuba umqondo abanye mayelana nezinhlobo futhi izinkomba, kanye nezingozi ezikhona.

ngezigaba emfushane

Kunezindlela eziningana izinkomba ngawo ukuze uhlukanise uma utshala imali. Le ncwadi, isikhathi, inhloso sendawo ukutshalwa kwezimali, kanye nezinye izici. Okuningi bavame ukukhuluma lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ukutshalwa:

• Reinvestment. Lokhu uhlobo umsebenzi wenziwa ngenxa imali.
• Intelligent. Uhlinzeka nekusisa ekutfutfukiseni imfundo namakhono ukuze eminye sandise ibhizinisi.
• Real. Ezezimali ukutshala imali for the eside igatsha akhethiwe zokukhiqiza zezinto ezibonakalayo ezenziwa ngokungakhathali.
• Kapitaloobrazuyuschee. Sikhuluma ukuthengwa komhlaba, ingcebo, ukulungiswa ezindlini ngenhloso kwamanye amazwe nokuqasha noma imoto, okuzoba umthombo nomholo esizayo.
• Okuqondile. Ukuthenga abantu zomthetho futhi zemvelo ngezigxobo ezithile ezinkampanini. Lezi zenzo uvumele bamasheya lokwenza inzuzo uma kwenzeka impumelelo ibhizinisi, kanye abenzele ilungelo lokuvota.
• Hoarding. Nale utshalomali zimali othenga igolide, amagugu kanye kwakudala futhi elinda isikhathi lapho izindleko lezi zinto ngeke ukwandisa kakhulu. Khona-ke athengise ngazo futhi uthola inzuzo yakhe.
• Portfolio. It ihlukile oda ngqo ukuthi bamasheya, abathenge izibambiso, azisetshenziswa emsebenzini ibhizinisi.

A imfundamakhwela emkhakheni utshalomali kunzima kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Indlela elula kakhulu sokuba bajwayelane e-commerce amakhono phezu Ukuhwebelana isitokwe. Nokho, thina ngeke akwenze ngaphandle imiyalelo kanye neseluleko abanekhono, ngaphandle kwalokho inqubo izosebenza njenge-Ukuqagela. Ukuze kube lula Ochwepheshe umsebenzi onjalo bayatfutfuka imibono phakathi kokutshala imali ezimakethe zamasheya. Abakwazi ubizwe amacebiso, amaqhinga, noma ngisho algorithm yezenzo okuhloswe ngaso iyashelela izibambiso zokuhweba kweqiniso.

Investment imibono - kuyini futhi ziyini na?

Umkhiqizo ukuhlaziya investimenti emakethe kuba utshalomali umqondo. Lwakhiwe uma sicabangela langempela futhi afakwa kwi iyehla iyenyuka intengo stock exchange. Njengomthetho, lolu lwazi enyatheliswa wabathengi, ezifana CJSC MC "Progressive Investment Imibono", ukuheha nokugcina amakhasimende abo.

Income inthanethi wabathengi kuncike ngqo inombolo nevolumu zokukhokhelwa, ezivuma amaklayenti abo, ngoba operation ngamunye ebalethela Imali engaguquki. Ukukhuthaza amakhasimende ukwandisa isibalo ukuthengiselana wabathengi ubaphe ezihlukahlukene imikhiqizo ehlukene, kuhlanganise nemibono utshalomali kanye izinhlobo ezahlukene Izibuyekezo kohlaziyo of isimo emakethe.

Ukuthembeka nokunemba imibono kubalulekile, nanjengoba ngentshisekelo broker ukunqoba ikhasimende qotho kimi futhi bangethembe. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imibono utshalomali ukusebenza, ikhasimende lihlala nomthengiseli futhi aqhubeka ukubheka abathenga futhi badayise amasheya.

Amafomu imibono utshalomali

Exchange amaklayenti emisebenzini yabo zisebenzisa amasu ahlukene ngokuphelele: ezinye asethwe ezintweni eziningi ukuthengiselana emini, abanye emva ukuthenga amasheya aselungele eside ukukhula okulindelwe ngenani. Amafomu imibono wokusisa ngenxa amasu ahlukene yokuziphatha zimali ':

1. Zesikhashana. Lo mbono ubizwa nangokuthi umqondo inthanethi. Ngezinye kwesisekelo salo amanga izindaba tekusebenta ezombusazwe, ezomnotho kanye ezinkampani analysis lobuchwepheshe. Izinguquko usuku zesito lingafika amaphesenti eziningana. Washayelwa ngesikhathi nangendlela efanele okufakiwe utshalomali umqondo kwenza imali ezinhle lokushintsha ukuguquguquka. Kwezinye izimo, ngempela kungenzeka kusukela 3% kuya ku-10%.
2. I medium-term. It yenzelwe amakhasimende abangakwazi ichitha isikhathi esiningi lokudayisa nokwabelana. Lezi zimali uncamela ukwenza izingcaphuno ku izenzakalo ezihlobene ithonya izindaba ezinkampani isimo kule mikhakha ezifanele emnothweni. Amabhizinisi yimpumelelo kakhulu anganikeza nabatshali zimali ukukhula okuhle kakhulu izingcaphuno.
3. Yesikhathi eside. engavamile yayo wukuthi umphumela kubanjezelwe ngesikhathi. Eziningi zalezi imibono utshalomali asetshenziselwa ukusebenza amabhizinisi lamasheya "uqimba yesibili". Ngakho evamile okubhekiselwe labo izinkampani, ubukhulu nedumela zazo ungavumeli ukuba babe uhlu abaholi. Naphezu kwesibalo elincane okwenziwe nge amasheya yalezi zinkampani, bayakwazi ukunikeza zimali ngayo imali enhle izinze. Ngokuvamile ukuntuleka udumo yalezi zinkampani ngenxa undervaluation yabo. Inhloso inkampani utshalomali ukufuna luhlobo enjalo eside, ukuhlolwa isimo kwalo kutemnotfo azokuqhubela ukuhlaziya okugcwele. Washayelwa umbono yephrojekthi utshalomali kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba athole umphumela omuhle bonke abahlanganyeli emisebenzini utshalomali: zimali, abanikazi ibhizinisi kanye inkampani umlamuli. Njengomthetho, amaphrojekthi eside zinezikhathi ingozi encishisiwe, zikhange Wabasaqalayo Exchange amaklayenti.

The main imithombo yokwaziswa mayelana imibono utshalomali

Ukuqala umsebenzi emkhakheni utshalomali, indlela elula ukulandela iseluleko wabathengi wazibonela abanolwazi okuqinile. Ngaphezu ulwazi self-ucwaningo, okuyinto enyatheliswa wabathengi, ezifana iqembu utshalomali "umqondo omusha", ungakwazi khona izifundo ezikhethekile noma ukuthola ulwazi ezincwadini efanele.

Investments ne-TV

Ukuze izakhamuzi of Russia, kukhona ithuba uthole lolu lwazi oluyigugu cishe kwamandla. iphrojekthi abathandwayo futhi ethandwa kwaba uhlelo of "isu lwezezimali" esiteshini TV "Russia 24". Investment imibono kuyo yamemezela, abe ama-algorithm efanele kanye samanje aphethe inzuzo evela emisebenzini yokuhweba exchange.

Isici yalolu hlelo kwaba incazelo izingozi zihlale esivela imisebenzi exchange. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le phrojekthi selikhule kangangokuba wenza okungaphezu studio-TV, manje wonke umuntu angakwazi zisebenza isu utshalomali ngokusebenzisa isixhumanisi kusayithi.

Abaholi balezi emakethe utshalomali

Ngonyaka odlule, okungcono utshalomali imibono 2015 - emabhange yayo olunikezwa izinhlangano ezifana "Moscow Exchange", "Aeroflot" kanye Savings Bank. Naphezu kwesimo esinzima nge dollar kanye okungekuhle kwentengo kawoyela, amasheya abo wabonisa ukwanda kokungabi 20-65%.

Ngempumelelo imibono utshalomali ngo-2016 ezihlinzekwa backbone amabhizinisi ezinkulu (PJSC NK "LUKOIL"), izinkampani bengahlonishwa nge Ukushesha okukhulu kwezinguquko nentuthuko (PJSC "Magnit") kanye nokusebenza okusezingeni nezinkampani ongaphakeme yokuncintisana ( "Yandex").