INqabayokulinda ka-August namazolo Pear - ukubuyekezwa. Incazelo ezihlukahlukene, izici

Pear livela YaseGeorgia, lapho amletha futhi waqala kudingeka sihlakulelwe yePeloponnese eGreece. Kwaba iminyaka eyinkulungwane BC. e. Kamuva kwaba elidumile izihlahla ipheya izithelo GADI Ukraine Kievan Rus, kuphi 1660s ke kwalethwa futhi zaqala ukuhluma e-Izmailovo ezibiyele kanye amapaki eMoscow.

Futhi uma ekhulwini le-17 kwakunoFakazi abacishe babe ngu-40 izinhlobo amagonandoda, futhi ngekhulu le-19 e-Kharkiv esifundeni, kwakukhona kakade 360, namuhla sibonga abalimi zingaphezu 5,000 izinhlobo. I ipheya ethandwa kakhulu uyawuthanda eFrance, lapho likhula 40 million lezi zihlahla.

izinhlobonhlobo amagonandoda

Kunamagonandoda zihlukaniswe ehlobo, ekwindla nasebusika izinhlobo. Lena isihlahla ukushisa-onothando kwendle ngaphandle apula, ngakho-ke ngeke ukuhlangabezana engadini akuzona zonke wensimu amateur.

Ukuze ebusika izinhlobonhlobo sekwephuzile yokuvuthwa izihlahla zezithelo, ezifana Yuryev, ngubani amagonandoda ukugcina ukunambitheka kwabo kanti iphunga kuze January.

Ekwindla zinhlobo zihlanganisa amagonandoda ophakeme noma isilinganiso hardiness ebusika, enika ezithela eliphezulu ngonyaka 4-5th kusuka 150 kuya ku-180 kg isihlahla ngasinye. Lezi zihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo eMoscow, Fancy Efimova, Veles, oluthandayo Yakovlev nabanye. Autumn ipheya ripens ngasekupheleni kuka-August-September, futhi ngokuvamile izithelo zawo singasetshenziswa ligcinwe izinyanga ezimbalwa.

Isici esiyinhloko izinhlobonhlobo ihlobo earliness yabo. Iningi labo ezinhle frost ukumelana naso futhi kwenze isivuno high. Elondolozwe izithelo amagonandoda ehlobo, kuncike ezihlukahlukene, kusukela izinsuku ezingu-10 kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili.

Ngu ngonyaka uyalandisa grade amagonandoda I Agasti namazolo, Severyanka cheeked, Chizhovski, Thumbelina, uPetru nabanye. Summer Imisebenzi zihlukaniswe ekuseni (Juni, maphakathi no-July) nokwesibili (Agasti) yokuvuthwa zezitshalo.

Agasti namazolo

INqabayokulinda ka-August ipheya izinhlobo isikhutha wethulwa Isikhungo Genetics Ukukhethwa Michurin njengoba winterhardiness ehlobo umbono umfuyi Yakovlev. Ukuze okuzuza ezihlukahlukene entsha ewela Australian Triumph Pakgama ngesisa. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka isihlahla esincane umqhele ukujiya aphakathi nendawo kanye isivuno anda. INqabayokulinda ka-August namazolo ipheya ukuphakama 2-2.5 m, has umqhele eziningana abadanileyo.

Lokhu ezihlukahlukene iqala ukuba nithele 3-4 iminyaka, futhi ukhiqizwe kakhulu. Isivuno sokuqala ezihlahla ezisakhula kungaletha kufika ku-15 kg izithelo.

Amagatsha esiqwini kule uhlobo ukunweba cishe ngesikhathi engeli kwesokudla, ube surface bushelelezi lemicu empunga elinamathela othini. Izinkuni has a high probudimostyu nezinso. Izinhlobonhlobo sandile udumo kusukela 2002 e izakhamuzi ehlobo esifundeni Central Black Earth.

Ukulungiselela nokutshala izithombo

Ukutshala ipheya izithombo kufanele kuqale endaweni lokuzikhethela, kuye ngokuthi izimo zezulu lapho engadini itholakala:

• Pear uthanda ilanga futhi evulekile, ngakho umoya evikelwe ilanga engadini party suit kakhulu. Kukhethwa ukutshala isikhathi incike wensimu, kodwa iningi preference labo abatshalwé ipheya kwisayithi, inikezwe ekwindla.
• Ilungiselela ezweni ibhalwe ngokumba endaweni nokungena emhlabathini Umanyolo ezidingekayo. ipheya Iningi idinga superphosphate, umquba kanye umanyolo umquba, kodwa akukho kwezinkambiso olwamukelwa, ngoba lithembela ngokuphelele izinga komhlaba.

• Ukutshala ipheya izithombo kudinga kalula ukukhethwa lokutshala ezibonakalayo. Kufanele kwenziwe esivuna eyodwa noma biennial izitshalo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlola ikhwalithi izimpande futhi amandla isiqu.
• Ngaphambi betshala ukulungiselela umgodi kunenani uhlelo impande izithombo, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi umhlaba Kulokhu kwaba okuxekethile. Ukuze ukwakheka efanele umgqomo e okufanayo imbobo 30 cm kusukela maphakathi-Ground yayo sokuhlushwa.
• Uma yisithombo ngeke kwehliswe emgodini, izimpande kufanele ngobunono isicaba futhi embozwe umhlaba. Khona-ke umhlabathi azungeze izihlahla unyathele, bazithela futhi embozwe semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla. Lokhu kuyogcina umswakama futhi enothisa phansi emhlabeni amagonandoda.

Ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla Kufanele kukhethwe ngokusekelwe kulokho abasenzele Crohn kwakhiwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-Agasti ipheya namazolo izilinganiso balimi uqinisekise it has a umqhele amancane, ngakho ibanga phakathi izithombo lingafika ku 5 m. Izinhlobonhlobo nge esakaza amagatsha kungadinga afika kwangu-7 amamitha.

ukunakekelwa

Ukuze kwakunezigqiki ezithambile elahlekile, kufanele ngokushesha cabanga ukuthambisa qualitative. Uma engadini itholakala endaweni eshisayo nemvula encane, ungabeka ngimbe emaceleni inkatho esihlahleni futhi usigcwalisa amanzi. Ukuze uhlelo impande is hhayi zakhukhula, amanzi kumele bondliwe kancane. I Pear Agasti amazolo (izibuyekezo abashayeli bamaloli ukukhuluma ngakho) esithathwayo kahle lapho spray ngenkasa kushintshwe.

Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuba isihlahla liye landa ngokushesha futhi sithole amandla - is ukunqampula. Ukuze yearlings entwasahlobo izihlahla kumele kube nguhhafu imitha lisemhlabathini. Uma uneminyaka engu-ababili, kubalulekile entwasahlobo ukususa owengeziwe amahlumela mpo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuba njalo athambise umhlabathi.

Ngo ekwindla kanye eliphakathi kwe ebusika kufanele bavikeleke emakhazeni, ngisho uma sihlobana izinhlobo ebusika-eziqinile. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-Agasti namazolo ipheya (incazelo nezimfanelo zayo uthi kusebusika eziqinile izinhlobonhlobo maphakathi no-level) kudinga "Ukugoqa" iqhwa. Uma ebusika kwaba snowless, kutuswa afafaze izimpande komhlaba ezengeziwe.

Efaka umquba ipheya izihlahla

Zalisa phansi ngesikhathi kokwehla, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izimpande ipheya izithombo akufanele kube ukuxhumana umanyolo kanye nitrogen fertilizer. Abakwazi ukubulala namahlumela kuyo le mpande, kanye yisithombo uzofa.

Isihlahla esesikhulile, isibonelo ipheya I Agasti namazolo, izibuyekezo balimi ukukhuluma ngakho, uthanda organic Umanyolo - umquba. It has zonke izici ezidingekayo ekukhuleni yayo efanele. Kufanele wenze ngesilinganiso 2.1 kg ngamunye 1 m ² njalo entwasahlobo indulungu-isiqu.

Ekwindla esingcono kunazo zonke ukukhula ngokushesha kanye nentuthuko ka esihlahleni kuyoba ukwethulwa nitrogen umquba. Kwenze kangcono ngemva leaf ne-ammonia nitrogen umquba.

incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Intandokazi balimi babe Pear I Agasti namazolo. Incazelo yalesi sihlahla unika bonke ngezizathu ukubeka lolu hlobo kuleli zwe:

• It libhekene ukukhula ngokushesha kanye tillering. Okuhle entwasahlobo uphaphame.
• Kulesi ipheya amahlumela obukhulu lenticels eziningi.
• Ihamba usayizi Ngokwesilinganiso, nokunwebeka, oluhlaza emnyama imiphetho serrated nge ubude obuphakathi sokukhubazeka komgogodla.
• Izimbali ezincane, emhlophe 7-10 izingcezu inflorescence ngamunye.

Njengoba sazi ukuthi umuthi likhula ongaphakeme, kunalokho ewumngcingo, kodwa high-isivuno, kufanelekile ezindaweni ezincane suburban lapho ukonga imitha komhlaba ngamunye.

izithelo izinga

Pear I Agasti namazolo, abathandi izithelo zangempela le kuqinisekisiwe, kunikeza namanzi futhi izithelo sweet naphakathi ngobukhulu. Izinhlobo ezivamile of amagonandoda isisindo kusuka 120 kuya 150 g, nakuba nomhlaba omuhle futhi ngokunakekela efanele, futhi bangakwazi ukufinyelela 200

Sinenkosi mhlophe, inyama namanzi nokusanhlamvu emihle, 100 g iqukethe:

• ushukela - 8.5%;
• Pectin - 0.8%;
• ascorbic acid - 13 mg;
• Arbutin - 2.7%;
• P-asebenzayo izidakamizwa - 40 mg.

Pear kunobuciko omnene omuncu-sweet futhi inika izithelo ezinhle, okuyinto zingagcinwa amaviki angu-2. Lokhu grade itafula, okuyinto enhle ukudla fresh upheke kuwo sezimoto kanye compotes.

Izibuyekezo balimi

Ngokombono balimi amateur, amazolo Agasti - ke ezihlukahlukene nekaprizny nge isivuno eliphezulu ukunambitheka omuhle izithelo. Lokhu ipheya ayitsintseki izifo fungal, yokuvuthwa futhi aqine. Izimfanelo ezinhle sikhule in uzungu ngalinye futhi unike ezithela eliphezulu minyaka yonke.