Indlela yokwenza ukhonkolo lokuhlobisa ngokwakho

Ikhonkri elihlobisa i-substitute elihle kakhulu ezintweni zemvelo. Le mikhiqizo yekhonkrithi, kuye ngokubunjwa kwayo, ingaba yakhayo, ihlobisa futhi ihlobisa ubuciko. Bavele balingise izakhiwo zemvelo ezenziwe ngokwemvelo nangokwemvelo, ngokwesibonelo, ukugaya amatshe, imabula, izitini, izinkuni, i-laminate, ukufihla izilwane. Ikhonkri elihlobisa ukuqina nokuqina izikhathi eziningi eziphakeme kunezingxube ezivamile zokukhonkolo. Isetshenziselwa umhlobiso wamagceke, iziqephu zezindlu nezamakamelo ngabanye.

Ikhonkri elihlobisa

Ikhwalithi esemqoka yalokhu khonkrithi ingenxa yokuphela kwayo. Uma kwenziwa, ama-dairy amakhemikhali akhethekile asetshenziswayo, anezindawo zokunamathela ezinhle. Lezi zinhlanganisela zinikeza imikhiqizo i-aesthetics nebuhle obukhethekile. Ukuqedwa kwendawo kwenziwa ngokupuniza nokugxila.

Izikhonkwane ezimibalabala nezinombala kukhona izinhlobo zokukhonkolo zobuciko, ezihlobisa izindlu zezindlu kanye nezindawo ze-priworld.

Indlela yokuphalaza ikhonkri lokuhlobisa

Ukutshalalisa kusetshenziselwa amaplanethi ahlelwe ngokuqondile. Idayi le-acid nebulibuli yenza ubuso bubheke imibala efanele. Umdwebo, uma uxhumane nesisombululo sekhonkrithi, uphenduka ngamakhemikhali bese udala iphethini oyifunayo. It isetshenziswa izendlalelo kuze kufinyelelwe umthunzi oyifunayo. Indlela yokupuniza ivumela ukubonakala kwezitini kanye netshe lemvelo.

Indlela yokuphrinta yekhonkri yokuhlobisa

Le ndlela isetshenziswa kunoma yiziphi izindiza. Namuhla, kunenqwaba yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ukhonkolo ophrintiwe.

Noma yikuphi ukukhonjwa okwakhiwa kuyo kuqukethe isamende, ama-plastifier, isihlabathi nezinye izakhi ezixhomeke kumphumela oyifunayo.

Ikhonkri elihlobisa lingase libe nesimo esiphezulu esilinganisa amagxolo esihlahla, i-laminate, itshe lemvelo, amathayili e-ceramic, izitini zezitini, ama-cobblestones.

Ikhonkrithi yokuhlobisa ekhishwa ngezandla zayo ayiphumeli kuphela, kodwa futhi inokwethenjelwa, ihlala isikhathi eside. Ake siyiqonde.

Ikhonkri elihlobisa ngezandla zomuntu siqu. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ngokupunga

Ukudala ubuso bokuhlobisa phezu kwekhonkment ekhonjisiwe, ehlanganiswe phezulu. Ingxube yombala uma isetshenziswe phezulu, inika ukubonakala okufisayo.

I-Stencil ingathengwa ngomumo okwenziwe noma eyenziwe ngokuzimela. Ukuzikhiqiza, ngisho nephepha elikhulu lingasetshenziswa. Isiteji sokugcina sokwakha indawo yokuhlobisa kusetshenziswa ukungenisa okukhethekile okuvikela, okuzoqhubeka nokuvikela ukukhonjiswa emathonyeni angaphandle.

Ukuphrinta ubuchwepheshe

Ikhonkrithi ehlobisa ukuhlobisa uhlobo olulodwa lwekhonkrithi lwe-monolithic, olusetshenziswe ubuciko bokudweba nokukhishwa kwamakhemikhali. Ikhonkrithi ephrintiwe (isitembu) iyindlela ejwayelekile yokwenza ubuso bokuhlobisa.

Ukudala ikhonkri ephrintiwe ehlotshisiwe ngezandla zabo siqu kudinga i mixer yekhonkrit, ithebula lokudlidliza kanye nezibunjwa ezenziwe ngensimbi, izinkuni, i-polyethylene, i-fiberglass noma i-plastic plastic. Ungabathenga noma uzenze wena ngokwakho. Uma udinga amafomu alula noma ajwayelekile, angenziwa kusuka ku- OSB, i-plywood noma amabhodi.

Amafomu okukhonkolo okuhlobisa

Ifomu yokwenza ukhonkolo ngamakhono athile angenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-metal ne-welding. Ukuze unike ukuthungwa okulukhuni, i-die (matrix) ingathululelwa ku-polymer.

Ukudala ubuso bokuhlobisa kudinga izitembu (matrix) weplastiki, i-polyurethane noma i-silicone.

Ipulasitiki isetshenziselwa ukwakha ama-slabs wokupaka kanye nama-pavers. Amatrices aguquguqukayo adingekayo ukwakha ubujamo obuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuze wenze i-matrix ye-silicone, esitolo udinga ukuthenga i-tile engu-1, efanisa itshe nephethini elifunayo.

Ukwakha isikhunta sekhonkrithi yokuhlobisa, uzodinga:

- abicah sealant;

- Acetic acid;

- solidol;

- ishidi leplywood noma i-OSB;

- ibhulashi elikhulu;

Umsikazi.

Ibhokisi elingu-15-17 cm elijulile lenziwa kusukela e-plywood. Ingxenye igcwele uphawu. I-tile nephethini yokuhlobisa igoliwe ngokucophelela nge-solidol. Khona-ke uhlangothi lwesbuso lwaso kumele lufakwe ku-silicone. Izindleko ezenziwe phezu komhlaba zisuswe. Ngosuku lwesine, isikhunta sokubhoboza ukhonkolo selungele ukusetshenziswa.

Isibumbulu sinyathelwa ngobumnene ebusweni obungakabonakali, oboshwe ngaphambili nge-pigment enemibala, izithasiselo ezinamathemikhali nezilwanyana. Ngemuva kokuqina kwesibhakabhaka, izitembu ziyasuswa futhi ukhonkolo uhlanganiswe nokufakwa kokuvikela.

Ukwakhiwa kwekhonkri lokuhlobisa

Ukukhiqizwa kokukhonkolo okuhlobisa, i-samente M350 noma i-M400 isetshenziswa. Ukuze unike amandla amandla kuzinto ezibonakalayo, i-fibrous fibers yengezwe kulolu lwazi.

Ukuze kusetshenziswe amathayili nemikhiqizo encane, ukuhlanganiswa okuhle okuhlakaziwe kusetshenziselwa. Izingxenye zekhonkrithi ze-Volumetric zenziwe nge-addition of fillers ezinkulu.

Isakhiwo esakhiwe ngokukhonkolo sitholakala ngokungeza imabula, i-basalt, i-limestone, i-granite, i-anthracite, izingcezu ze-ceramics neglasi elimibala.

Ukuqinisa ukuthungwa, kusetshenziselwa ukuxuba okukhethekile, okunciphisa ukuqina kobuso. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukhonkolo uphathwa ngamathuluzi akhethekile noma i-hydrochloric acid.

Ukuze uthole imibala ekhanyayo nehlanzekile, i-white portland samenti ithathwa. Isihlabathi esimnyama nesivulekile sikuvumela ukuba ufinyelele umphumela wokuhlobisa oyifunayo. Uma wenza izandla zakho siqu, ukwakheka kwekhonkrithi yokuhlobisa kungashintshwa ngokuqonda kwakho, ukwengeza noma ukususa noma yiziphi izingxenye.

Ukumboza igceke ngekhonkri yokuhlobisa

Ikhonkri ehlobisa inokusebenza ngokubanzi, futhi kaningi ingatholakala ngesimo samasayithi, izindlela, imigwaqo yokufinyelela, ukupaka izimoto.

Indlela yokwenza ukhonkolo lokuhlobisa ngezandla zakho ukuze akwazi ukuzihlobisa nganoma yiliphi igceke?

Ikhonkrithi ephrintiwe ayifuni, ibekezelela ukushisa okushisa futhi ngakho-ke isetshenziswe kaningi ekunciphiseni igceke elizungeze indlu.

Ukumboza igceke ngekhonkri lokuhlobisa, udinga ukukhetha indawo efanelekayo. Uma ukhonkolo lwenziwa egcekeni, ukukhiqizwa kwalo kuqhutshwa ngokushesha endaweni ehlala njalo, lapho kuzobe khona khona kamuva.

Ukwenza indlela engadini noma ukuhlobisa isigaba segceke, udinga ukuthatha isigaba samasheya M350-400 namaplasticizers. Umsebenzi kufanele ube ngaphezu kokushisa.

Ingxube ixubekile. Kuthululelwa ekubunjeni. I-plate evibratory isetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa. I-Roller igubha futhi igubungele ubuso bokukhonkolo.

Ukhonkolo oluhlobisa ngezandla zabo siqu lwenziwa ngaphakathi endlini noma ngaphandle egcekeni. Uma ukukhiqizwa kokhonkolo kwenziwa ngaphansi kophahla, umoya omuhle nokushisa kufanele unikezwe lapha.

Lapho wenza umsebenzi ovela ngaphandle, isayithi kuqala ukukhishwa. Emhlabathini udinga ukushayela izikhonkwane. Emkhakheni wezintambo ubeka intambo. Ingqimba engaphezulu yenhlabathi kufanele ikhwekwe ekujuleni kwe-15-20 cm futhi isuswe ohlangothini. Emaphethelweni e-formwork.

Inhlanganisela yesihlabathi kanye ne-granite egcwele ubukhulu obuyi-10-15 cm ichitheka, i-rammed. I-polyethylene ne-10 cm isetshenziswe phezulu, ukuqinisa imishini yensimbi kwenziwa.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ungakwazi ukulungisa ukhonkolo.

Iresiphi yezandla zokukhonta ezihlobisa

Ukubala kwe-1 m ³ yekhonkri kufaka:

- 160 amalitha amanzi.

- 600 g yokuqinisa i-polypropylene fiber.

- 400 kg wePortland samente M400.

- I-700 kg ye-granite crumb fraction kusuka ku-5 ukuya ku-20 mm.

- 450 kg wehlabathi lomfula.

- 2.5 l we-plasticizer C3 ngesisombululo esinamandla.

- idayi (inani lixhomeke emthunzini odingekayo).

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ukhonkolo lokuhlobisa

Izingxenye zihlangene futhi zixutshwe ngokugcwele ku-mixer yekhonkrithi. Ingxube kumele ihambisane.

Ingxube yokuhlobisa ichitheka . Ingxube isakazwa phezu kwefomu futhi ihlanganiswe.

Ukuze kulungiswe izinhlayiya ezinamaqabunga ezenziwe ngama-roller, kuyilapho ingxenye encane ithathwa phezulu.

Ikhonkri kufanele ihanjiswe nge-aluminium epholisisa insimbi. I-perimeter icubungulwa nge-ironing angular.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-fixer yombala, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi ubuso bubushelelezi, matt. Ukwakhiwa kwe-fixer kuqukethe i-pigment, isihlabathi se-quartz, uthuli lwe-granite, i-adhesive filler.

I-70% ye-fixer (3.6 kg / m ² yemibala ekhanyayo kanye no-2.6 kg / m ² yemibala emnyama) isetshenziswa ngesandla. Ukubukeka kwendawo yonke kanye namaphethelo kwenziwa nge-aluminium. I-30% esele ye-fixer ihlakazeka ngokulinganayo kukhonkolo, futhi yonke into ihanjiswa ngensimbi elula.

Ingqimba ngayinye ixubaniswa ukuze igcwalise ukukhenyiswa kwesakhi sombala, futhi ukhonkolo kufanele kube ngombala obushelelezi futhi obuhle.

I-hardener enemibala ehlakazekayo yenza ukhonkolo lube mnandi kakhulu, luhlanganisa wonke ama-micropores futhi lunike umbala umbala okhanyayo nozinzile.

Indawo ephathwayo ihlanganiswe nesendlalelo sokuxhuma (per 1 m ^2, izinga lokugeleza lingu-0.2 kg).

Khona-ke ubuso obushelelayo bucindezelwa ngesimo esikhethekile, simulating itshe, ibha, isitini noma amabhodi.

I-matrix kufanele ihambelane ngamanzi futhi ifakwe ngokucophelela phezulu. I-matrix yokuqala kufanele ibekwe eceleni kwamafomu eceleni kwesikhulumi. Basondelene nestle komunye nomunye.

Kusukela ekuxubeni kuze kuhlume, imizuzu engama-70 kufanele idlule. Ukukhonta akufanele ukuqonda emsebenzini. Ukuvumelana kufanele kufane nodaka. Isitembu ngemikhiqizo eyomile kufanele isuswe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuso. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziswe i-punch ekhethekile. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-2, i-disconnector esele phezulu kumele isuswe ngebhayisikili ende. Ukudala ukuthungwa okujulile, ungasebenzisa isixazululo se-3% se-hydrochloric acid.

Khona-ke ubuso buhlanjululwa ngamanzi asebenzayo, omisiwe futhi agcwele impregnation acrylic noma varnish for ukhonkolo kanye namatshe.

Ikhonkrithi yokuhlobisa eyenziwe ngezandla emva kokumisa ilungile.

Ukumboza noma yikuphi ukukhonta okuhlobisa ngezandla zakho kukuvumela ukuba unqume izindleko futhi uhlele indlu bese uhlela ukuthanda kwakho.

Ngokhonkolo ekulungele ukuhlobisa, ungahamba amahora angu-5 ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-varnish noma impregnation.

Imithwalo emikhulu (imoto, i-trolley, ukufika kwe-trailer) kungenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-12-14.

Ungasebenzisi ama-reagents anti-icicle wokugqoka okuhlobisa! Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ugweme ukusebenzisa izinto zensimbi ukususa iqhwa neqhwa.

Ikhonkri elihlobisa ukuvikelwa kwendawo ngemva konyaka kufanele ihlanganiswe nesisombululo se-hydrophobizing. Kuzogcina ukubonakala kwekhonkrithi nokuyivikela emathonyeni angaphandle.

Ikhonkri elihlobisa ngokusebenza kahle lizohlala iminyaka eminingi futhi lizozihlobisa noma yikuphi lapho kusetshenziswe khona.