Imisipha Inkonyane, indawo yokuhlala, umsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo. Ngaphambili nasemlenzeni imisipha emuva amaqembu

Shin libhekisela esitho engezansi. Ihlala phakathi unyawo futhi endaweni kwedolo. Ezakhiwe ephansi umlenze amathambo amabili - amancane tibial. Zizungezwe imisipha Imicu yotshani Ezinhlangothini ezintathu. imisipha Inkonyane, anatomy of iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo kamuva, is eliqhutshwa iminwe nezinyawo.

tibia

Lo msuka linesandiso emaphethelweni engenhla. Okuningi okuqukethwe yile ngxenye kwakhiwa condyles: ezilingene medial. Phezu kwabo kukhona evele ngokuhlanganyela. Zifeza ezikanye condyle femoral. Ngaphandle kukhona lateral ingxenye articular kwamanzi, lapho kukhona ukuxhumana inhloko yabangamashumi fibula. the tibial isici umzimba ifana nezibhebhe esingunxantathu. Isinqe salo iqondiswa posteriorly futhi ebusweni 3, ngokulandelana, a misa, yangaphandle futhi kwangaphakathi. Kutholwe phakathi ezimbili zokugcina onqenqemeni. Wabiza phambi. Ngokwengxenye layo elingenhla, ke engena tuberosity tibial. Le ndawo senzelwe nenkanuko edlulele we umsipha we quadriceps ethangeni kwemisipha. Ezansi le tibia linesandiso, kanye protrusion likhona phezu kwangaphakathi. It is ngamakhasimende phansi. Lokhu kwelivi ubizwa ngokuthi malleolus medial. Ohlangothini emuva wethambo amanga elula anolaka imisipha soleus. Ngesikhathi epiphysis distal kuyinto ebusweni articular. It ukhonza for uxhumano le talus.

Eyesibili isici

Fibula mncane, eside, elitholakala singatsheki. Ekupheleni kwalo engenhla has a ukuqina - ikhanda. It uxhuma tibia. Lower umnyango isici futhi uqweqwe bese lwakha malleolus lateral. NjengoFritz inhloko yabangamashumi fibula, is ngamakhasimende phandle futhi kahle avelayo.

imisipha Inkonyane: indawo yabo, umsebenzi

Le micu ahlelwe ezinhlangothini ezintathu. Hlukanisa imisipha ezahlukene umlenze aphansi. iqembu Front lucwaningo ukwandiswa unyawo nezinzwane, supination futhi adduction senyawo. Lokhu ingxenye siqukethe izinhlobo ezintathu imicu. Eyokuqala kwakhiwa tibialis anterior imisipha sethole. Le micu ezisele zakha Longus extensor digitorum zihlukanise isithupha onyaweni. Ezingemuva umlenze imisipha iqembu yakha inomboro ekulu imicu. Ikakhulukazi, lukhona flexor digitorum Longus futhi ngokwehlukana - ngokuba omkhulu, ethangeni, triceps shin. Futhi lapha amanga tibial fibre. Ukuze iqembu ongaphandle kuhlanganisa izicubu lamafisha peroneal we umlenze aphansi. Le micu ezigoqwe, uyazithulela proniruyut unyawo.

ingxenye tibial

Lokhu imisipha shin phambi ukuqala igama amathambo, ebusweni elingaphandle yalo, fascia kanye ulwelwesi interosseous. Baqondiselwa phansi. Le micu aphethwe ngaphansi nemisipha ezimbili. Basuke etholakala endaweni iqakala kanye iqakala. Lawa masayithi - imisipha engenhla futhi isamba aphansi extensor - emelelwa izindawo ukuqina fascia unyawo nomlenze aphansi. Imigomo lokunamathelisa zika fibre njengoba base nhlonhlo emise we metatarsal futhi medial (kuqala) ithambo. Imisipha kahle selitholakala ubude babo wonke, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi shintsho unyawo. Kuleli qophelo esivuna umsipha wayo umlibe phakathi isandiso. Inhloso lokhu imisipha ithole unyawo supination.

Extensor digitorum (eside)

It uyagijima kusukela imisipha phambi phandle phezulu le tibia. Qala Imicu yotshani yayo kusukela ekhanda futhi onqenqemeni izingxenye tibia, fascia kanye ulwelwesi interosseous. Extensor, ezihambayo ngezinyawo, ihlukaniswe imisipha ezinhlanu. Four Banamathele distal ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu (yesibili lesihlanu), the last - ukuze kumila 5th metatarsal ithambo. Umsebenzi we-extensor wenza njengoba izicubu polyarticular we umlenze aphansi akuyona kuphela kuhlelembisa ukwelulwa iminwe, kodwa unyawo. Ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye eyodwa umsipha eqondiswa at usiko, le micu nazo esifundeni eziningana proniruyut.

Extensor digitorum Longus

Le micu uqale endaweni phansi shin we ulwelwesi interosseous kanye ingxenye engaphakathi fibula. Extensors ube amandla esingaphansi kumasegmenti kuchaziwe ngenhla. Imigomo lokunamathelisa we ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu distal uku isithupha. Lezi imisipha ithole hhayi kuphela ababonisa isandiso yabo, kodwa futhi ukuze umise ukugqugquzela supination yabo.

Flexor digitorum Longus (eside)

Iqala kuthabathela ecaleni ngemuva tibia, odlulayo ngaphansi malleolus medial senyawo. Okuphakelayo itholakala ngaphansi isamba (isibopho) flexor imisipha. Ngokulandelayo, imisipha sehlukaniswe izingxenye ezine. Phansi (plantar yayo ebusweni) we umsipha fibre engu- flexor (iso) we isithupha. Khona-ke ihambisana nabo quadratus imisipha plantae. Kwakheka imisipha ezine benzelwe kuya ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu distal (at base yabo) iminwe 2-5. Inhloso yalesi imisipha kuyinto, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ku flexion kanye supination senyawo. Ukuze uxhume umsipha Imicu yotshani square ingxenye. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona isinyathelo sekulinganiswa kwemisipha. Ukuqamba Amanga ngaphansi malleolus medial, ahlukane emise okwe-fan e isiqondiso phalanges, flexor eside futhi kuphakamisa ukuncipha neminwe kwamanzi phakathi umzimba. Ngenxa ukuzindela imisipha square umsipha, lesi senzo kancane ezincane.

triceps surae

Udabula ebusweni ezingemuva futhi ikhanda 3. Amabili ingxenye olukha phezulu kwakhiwa - gastrocnemius kwemisipha kusukela enkulungwaneni yesithathu - ezijulile - soleus suka fibre ingxenye. Zonke amakhanda axhunyiwe ukwakha ezivamile Achilles (Achilles) umsipha. It unamathele eNtsabeni amathambo okuhambisanayo. Inkonyane iqala phezu condyles femoral: ezilingene medial. Inkinga amakhanda amabili ahlelwe kule ndawo ngendlela ekabili. Bona iqondise flexion we nedolo ngezinyawo - iqakala. elementi Medial phansi kancane ephansi futhi athuthukile kunokubuthwa lateral. Kuthabathela ecaleni emuva yesithathu engenhla tibia ihamba soleus kwemisipha. Futhi exhunywe arc tendinous, elise phakathi amathambo. Le micu kukhona ithole kancane futhi ezijulile. Baqamba amanga ngemuva subtalar nasemaqakaleni amalunga omzimba futhi zibangele flexion senyawo. Triceps okungase kuthintwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba. I-axis transverse we iqakala posteriorly izenzo Achilles umsipha. Nale triceps lo mugqa has a torque engu elikhulu. kancane sural ingxenye ezihilelekile ekwakhekeni okwedayimane popliteal fossa. Njengoba imingcele yayo yilezi: biceps femoral kwemisipha (ngaphakathi nangaphezulu), Imicu yotshani semimembranosus (ngaphakathi nangaphezulu), kanye nezinhloko ezimbili plantar ingxenye sural (ngezansi). Phansi emgodini kwakheka egobolondweni lelunga we nedolo kunawo wonke. Ngalesi ingxenye amanga izitsha nezinzwa usinika unyawo futhi umbala.

Bender (eside) isithupha

Ngenxa yalesi emuva imisipha ye umlenze libhekene amandla amakhulu kunawo wonke. Ohlangothini plantar ka kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba unyawo ezitholakala phakathi kwama izinhloko ingxenye iDemo unesibopho eguqa isithupha. Imisipha iqala kusukela ohlangothini emuva (ngezansi) we fibula futhi septum intermuscular (ngemuva). A kokungathembeki ingxenye plantar ebusweni kumila ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu distal kule isithupha. Ngenxa kancane umsipha ingena iseli imisipha osesikhundleni flexor eside, it has nethonya abanye phezu ukunyakaza yeminwe 2-3. Ukuba khona phezu kobuso ematheni metatarsophalangeal ngokuhlanganyela 2 ithambo izakhi ezinkulu sesamoid inikeza anda ukujikeleza ne torque engu zesivikelo sesifuba. Esikhathini ingxenye imisebenzi zibandakanya eguqa yonke ngezinyawo futhi enkulu uzwane.

ingxenye Okwesibili tibial Imicu yotshani

Lokhu ingxenye esemuva ibekwe ngaphansi imisipha triceps. Le micu ukuqala ulwelwesi interosseous futhi izingxenye ezincane kanye tibia eduze. Imigomo lokunamathelisa imisipha iyona tubercle navicular, kumila metatarsal nazo zonke izakhi nhlonhlo. Imisipha amanga phansi malleolus medial, futhi yenza eguqa unyawo supination bese waphonsa yayo. Phakathi soleus futhi tibial isiteshi Imicu yotshani sihamba. It uvezwa uhlobo slot. Kukhona imizwa nemithambo yegazi.

ingxenye popliteal

ifomu Planar wayo Imicu yotshani iDemo. Imisipha ngokuqondile eseduze ngokuhlanganyela amadolo kusuka emuva. Ukotini Wekhethelo uqale condyle femoral (lateral) ngezansi sural ingxenye nezikhwama amadolo ngokuhlanganyela. Dlula phansi kuxhunywe ngenhla imisipha soleus kuya tibia. Kusukela fibre kancane enamathiselwe egobolondweni lelunga, kuyilapho kuthiye flexion yayo posteriorly. Imisipha umsebenzi - pronation futhi flexion we umlenze aphansi.

Long ingxenye peroneal

Lokhu imisipha ihlukile isakhiwo feathery. Yiyo egobhoza kobuso fibula. Kusukela ekhanda tibial condyle isici, ingxenye fascia. Futhi exhunywe endaweni 2 kokuthathu ohlangothini elingaphandle fibula. Lapho imisipha kwenzeka ukuthunjwa, flexion kanye pronation senyawo. Imisipha eside fibular ingxenye ngemuva nangaphasi sihamba iqakala lateral. Endaweni esithendeni ithambo umsipha samanje - phezulu isamba kanye phansi. Ngo kwathatha ohlangothini plantar we ngonyawo, umsipha egobhoza emseleni. Itholakala kwi underside we cuboid. Imisipha kuziwa ingaphakathi unyawo.

Imicu yotshani iDemo peroneal

Imisipha esengxenyeni ingxenye izungeza emuva phansi malleolus lateral. It unamathele idolo phezu 5 metatarsal. Iqala umgamu septa intermuscular futhi engxenyeni engaphandle ye-fibula. Inkinga fibre - ukuthunjwa, flexion kanye pronation senyawo.