Imiphumela yokuhlaziya i-toxoplasmosis: okulotshiweyo. Ukuhlaziya i-toxoplasmosis kokubili pass

Toxoplasmosis - lesi sifo ngendlela ebonakala ingenangozi. Iningi labantu alazi nokuthi mayelana itheleleke. Nokho, ingozi alo kwandisa uma lwegciwane engena emzimbeni nokuthumba owesifazane owayezithwele, bethwele usongo olukhulu kakhulu inqubo evamile yokukhulelwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa ingane. Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ngokuningiliziwe mayelana izindlela ukuxilongwa kwesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, siyobe ukukusiza uqonde imiphumela kokuhlahlela toxoplasmosis, sokuqonda kwabo njengoba kuboniswe esihlokweni.

Kuyini toxoplasmosis?

Toxoplasmosis - igciwane yisinanakazana. Bangabe besakwazi ukuphinde baphakame kanye kuphela, ngemva kwalokho umzimba ukhiqiza ophikelelayo, ngokuvamile impilo, amasosha omzimba nezilwanyana ezincane pathogenic. Lesi sifo kuyinto ejwayelekile. Ngokwesibonelo, kwamanye amazwe, njenge-Latin America nase-Afrika bane-90% yesizwe sonkana eRussia abagulela ukufa Amaphesenti angu 30%. Naphezu kwezithiyo ezinjalo okusezingeni eliphezulu global ukusabalala toxoplasmosis izinkomba, ukunakwa enganele zokuvimbela futhi uphethwe ukutheleleka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezimweni eziningi lesi sifo asymptomatic futhi akunamthelela abalulekile onqabayo impilo kutsi lomuntfu unalo leligciwane. Nokho, kunezinhlobo eyinkimbinkimbi toxoplasmosis, ezithinta isimiso sezinzwa, izinhlaka umbono kanye ipheshana zokuphefumula isiguli.

Izindlela toxoplasmosis ukutheleleka

Ukutheleleka kumuntu nomuntu akunakwenzeka. Imbangela eyinhloko lengculaza ezifuywayo - amakati. Kuyinto imvelo emathunjini we isilwane indawo evumayo ekukhuleni nezilwanyana ezincane. Phakathi indle yamakati itheleleke secrete uhlobo ingxabano toxoplasmosis njengoba oocysts. Abakwazi ukugwinya nezinye izilwane, ngokuba abathwali. Kodwa leli gciwane lingase ufika izitshalo, kuhlanganise imifino. Ngakho-ke, ungakwazi ungenwe ngokusebenzisa sisondelene amakati, okungezona ukuhambisana inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu, bedla inyama engafanele kusetshenzwe, imifino ezingahlanjiwe nezithelo.

Yeka indlela okuyingozi kuyinto toxoplasmosis phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa?

abesifazane elinegciwane nge toxoplasmosis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngokwayo - into eyingozi kakhulu somntwana ongakazalwa. Ngenxa ingozi okusezingeni eliphezulu izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa, odokotela at the stage of ukuhlela yokukhulelwa Kunconywa ukuthi zihlolelwe toxoplasmosis. Uhlaziyo umthetho emagama zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi. The eside bekhulelwe, aba maningi amathuba okuba ukutheleleka ezingenzeka embungwini. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, le "omdala" usana olungakazalwa, aba maningi amathuba okuba ukuthi isifo ngeke balimaze abalulekile empilweni yakhe. Lapho igciwane umama okhulelwe, ngenxa yezinkinga ezilandelayo,:

• kusaqalwa ukutheleleka ngokuvamile kuholela ekuthuthukiseni sokukhulelwa noma ukuphuphuma;

• Izifo kungacupha wazalwa kungakabi isikhathi;

• ku-fetus kungenzeka iziyaluyalu kwemizwa uhlelo, amehlo, isibindi kanye nobuchopho.

Nge yalokho ezimbi, abesifazane belulekwa ukugcina konke nezindlela zokugwema. Uma uthola test omuhle ngoba toxoplasmosis, kungenzeka ukuhlela ukukhulelwa izinyanga 3. Ngalesi sikhathi esifushane umzimba uyoveza amasosha ukutheleleka kanye nokuphinda bathelelane kusuka kube nzima.

Izinhlobo zokuhlolelwa toxoplasmosis

Iluphi uvivinyo ngoba toxoplasmosis ukunikela yezindlela zesimanje ukuxilongwa? bobabili kuphela: enzyme immunoassay indlela futhi polymerase chain reaction. Eyokuqala kusekelwe odala omzimba athile umzimba ukuze ikwazi ukulwa nalesi sifo. PCR ukuhlola kwembula DNA lwegciwane lesi sifo.

Yokucwaninga immunoassay indlela (ELISA)

Ukuze sitholakele toxoplasmosis nge igazi kwamakhemikhali khona ukusabela immunoglobulin angawodwa amaprotheni M (Igm) kanye G (IgG). Iqembu M omzimba ekhiqizwa emzimbeni emva kokutheleleka futhi amasonto amathathu ukutheleleka, okwathi ngemva kwalokho babuyela siyaphela kancane kancane. Ngakho, uma ngokuhamba inhlolovo immunoglobulin, ayisiza Igm, ke benegciwane toxoplasmosis atholakele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo singumbulali oyingozi.

Amasosha Omzimba iqembu G (IgG) iqala ukukhiqiza ngosuku lwesithathu ukutheleleka. Phakathi ukugula inani lawo likhuphuka ngomzamo ukuvikela umzimba ekulweni ayehlasela yisinanakazana. Ngokungafani immunoglobulin M IgG amaqembu omzimba musa zinyamalale kusukela umzimba. Atholakala ukuhlaziya unesikhathi eside, futhi ezimweni eziningi - ukuphila ukuvikela umuntu kabusha ukutheleleka. Uma imiphumela iqembu G omzimba isibonisi ukuhlaziywa toxoplasmosis, ukuqaqwa Ungaba nazo izinketho ezimbalwa:

1. Ukutheleleka kwaba kudala. Kulokhu, lo IgG Kutholwe akuyona yisithiyo sokukhulelwa.

2. Mhlawumbe ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo. isimo okunjalo kuyingozi kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-fetus. Idinga ukusihlola.

Unquma kanjani noma okungeyona ingozi Kulokhu toxoplasmosis? Izinkomba ukuhlaziya okuthiwa avidity (ikhono G immunoglobulin, ayisiza bophezela lo Toxoplasma iwukudambisa ke) kuzosiza udokotela kahle wokufunda imiphumela. Ngokubona onguchwepheshe zimise a-PCR sitholakele toxoplasmosis.

Imiphumela Transcription kokuhlahlela toxoplasmosis ELISA

Indlela nakancane kokuhlahlela toxoplasmosis olwenziwa ELISA? Ukuze ahumushe imiphumela, xhumana nodokotela noma ubheke Ithebula elilandelayo. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi uphethwe wokugcina kungaba onguchwepheshe. Ezinye Imiphumela kudinga ukusihlola ukuqinisekisa noma zingamanga ukutheleleka kusolwa.

Uyini avidity?

Njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla, ezinye imiphumela kokuhlahlela toxoplasmosis, kulungiswa ngayo ngezinye izikhathi akwenzeki ngaphandle izinqubo ezengeziwe zokuxilonga, kudinga ukuhlaziywa omzimba avidity. Umsebenzi kokuba elihlobene ne Toxoplasma amasosha omzimba inyuka usuku ngalunye oludlulayo emva kokutheleleka. Ngakho, eqhuba ukuhlaziywa enjalo kungaba thembeke uthi inqubo ezithathelwanayo sibi noma ukungezwakali kwawo.

Incazelo imiphumela lwamasosha omzimba oluvame avidity

Indlela nakancane avidity inhlolovo toxoplasmosis? Norm kanye nokusuka cwaningo zimi kanje:

1. Izinkomba amayunithi esingaphansi 40 imelele ikhono eliphansi amasosha Toxoplasma uxhumano. Lokhu kusho ukuthi igciwane ezenzeka phakathi nezinsuku 2-3 edlule, futhi isifo lusanda oyingozi. Lona ezingezinhle kakhulu ukukhulelwa umphumela inketho toxoplasmosis sokuhlola. Ukuhlaziywa izinkomba zidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha kudokotela futhi ukulungiselela lwemithi.

2. Uma imiphumela ibonisa amayunithi 41-59 ke basuke kubhekwe lezivakashi futhi adinga kabusha luhlolo ngemuva 2 amaviki.

3. Ukuba khona amayunithi okukhulu kuka-60 ngenxa ukuhlaziywa omzimba avidity Toxoplasma lisho amasosha omzimba enamandla yilesi sifo. Kulokhu, akukho ithuba kabusha ukutheleleka. Kuyinto elihle kunawo Imiphumela inketho avidity.

It kuyafaneleka ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi imiphumela ingase ibe survey ngokuphongoza ngoba toxoplasmosis. Norm ukuhlaziywa incike laboratory kanye imishini esetshenziswa kuwo. Ngakho-ke nokubuyisana ngesikhathi uphethwe Imiphumela efomini.

Ukuxilongwa toxoplasmosis ngu-PCR

Polymerase chain reaction ukunquma toxoplasmosis linqume kuphela ubufakazi noma ukuqinisekisa ELISA imiphumela. Ingqikithi kangakanani ukubona DNA lwegciwane. Buhle le ndlela ka uphethwe ukunemba okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi ikhono lokuzwa pathogen ngisho ne inani elincane emzimbeni.

Indlela nakancane kokuhlahlela toxoplasmosis, indlela PCR ukuchaza imiphumela ulula:

1. ukuhlaziywa Positive kubonisa khona DNA toxoplasmosis e izinto eziphilayo azithathe. Lokhu kusho igciwane eyinhloko futhi ifomu acute lesi sifo.

2. A yi negative kubonisa engekho lwegciwane.

Kanjani ukuthi zihlolelwe toxoplasmosis?

Inikezwe kuwe toxoplasmosis ukuhlaziywa: kanjani ukuthatha, kungakhathaliseki pre-ukwelashwa kuyadingeka? imiyalelo Special ukuqoqa impahla for ukuhlaziya alikho. Tsine lesifanele kukwenta nje unamathele iseluleko owaziwa ngaphambi ngokubeka igazi emithambo yegazi:

1. 2 amaviki ngaphambi ukuhlaziya kulindeleke kwakudingeka ayeke ukuphuza imithi elwa namagciwane.

2. Zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-2 ngaphambi inqubo, kukhawulwe edonsa ethosiwe, ukudla esindayo, utshwala, ne-caffeine.

3. Kwaphela amahora 12 ngaphambi ukuhlaziya ungayisebenzisi si elimnandi, futhi insipho, namakha.

It lingahunyushwa baphetha ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi imiphumela ocacile yokuhlaziya i-toxoplasmosis. Ukususa ukubethela kungaba kwenziwe udokotela kuphela. Ekuchazweni okusongelayo iphutha ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa engalungile noma zife. Lokhu kungaba nomphumela ongemuhle enganeni engakazalwa. Ngakho-ke ingabe ongenawo wokufunda imiphumela yokuhlola toxoplasmosis, bheka le onguchwepheshe.