Imifula Donbass. Imithombo yamanzi of Donbass

Engxenyeni esempumalanga ye-Ukraine kukhona esifundeni enkulu yezimboni, okuthiwa Donbass. Kuyinto isikhungo esiyinhloko-non-ayoni futhi ayoni yokusansimbi. Nazi imali elikhulu amalahle. Isakhiwo Donbas kuhlanganisa izindawo eziningana: ingxenye Rostov (Russia), ezindaweni esempumalanga Dnipropetrovsk, Luhansk eningizimu futhi isikhungo laseDonetsk (Ukraine).

Isifunda inohlelo amanzi obukhulu. Imifula Donbass zidlala indima ebalulekile. Siyabonga kubo, enikeziwe lo muzi amanzi yahlala phansi ukusebenza umkhakha esindayo. Abangaphezu kwesigamu kubo babe ubude km kuka-25. Futhi yonke imifula esifundeni 110. Lezi imithambo kukhona Kalmius (209 km), Mius (258 km), Wolf (323 km), Samara (320 km), Aidar (264 km) kanye nabanye.

izici Jikelele emifula

Imifula Donbass - uhlobo plain. Ngo isizini ihlobo abaningi babo wome. Isizathu salokhu kwaba ukwakhiwa kwamadamu okugcina amanzi. Cishe bonke angasuselwa ukusakaza elincane akhiwa izindawo lapho amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba ebusweni. ezizindeni ezintathu lapho imithombo nemifula bungabonakala yilezi:

• Upland (emithambekeni eningizimu).
• IDonetsk bulala.
• Azov upland.

Kwahlelwa izindawo ezifana ezingeni ukuphakama kwamamitha mayelana 300 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Ukwakheka ukugeleza isiqondiso wokukhululeka umthelela kanye orography. Fed imifula Donbass ngokuyinhloko kwemvula kanye komhlaba imithombo. Banikezwe izici zezulu yalesi sifunda, ngaso sonke imithambo babe imbozwe ice ebusika. Ngenkathi entwasahlobo kukhona kwafika. Futhi ehlobo izinga lamanzi lehla kakhulu. Imifula ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuze ekupheleni kukaNdasa, zingabantu ngokuphelele khulula ice. Isikhathi esincane kwenkathi nqabela - Sekwedlule 6 izinsuku, ubuningi - 153.

Imifula Donbass neze esilazayo ngokugcwele. ukugeleza yabo yonyaka isakazwa Ukuboshelwa. Inombolo enkulu entwasahlobo (azungeze 56-60%), ekwindla kanye ehlobo - 30%, ebusika - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-10-14%. Ezinamatshe eziphansi emifuleni ukusonta, esigodini engalingani. Ngo elingenhla uzamcolo lemali ku-50 m ububanzi kwabo the esezansi kungenzeka afika kwangu-2 km.

Pool oLwandle Azov

Konke emifuleni esifundeni basonta imicengezi ezintathu. Labo abanombono indlela yaseningizimu, amanzi abo oLwandle Azov. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Umthambo Major evela ku Rostov esifundeni - Mius. Istok itholakala emithambekeni IDonetsk ububanzi. Estuary - Miusskaya esizalweni somfula (uLwandle Azov).
• Kalchyk komfula omncane. Kuyinto owumthelela Kalmius. It kuvela eduze Kalchinovka emzaneni (umngcele Zaporozhye futhi IDonetsk ezifundeni). Akungatshazwa ukuthi umlomo emzini Mariupol. ubude isiteshi cishe 90 km.
• Volnovaha Dry igelezela kuzo ezimbili izifunda laseDonetsk esifundeni. Ubude bayo 48 km. Akungatshazwa ukuthi umlomo eningizimu edolobhaneni Olginka. It agelezela Volnovakha ezimanzi.
• Kalmius - Donbass emfuleni omkhulu. Istok iseduze Yasinovataya, umlomo - Mariupol.

Don pool

On the indawo yalesi sifunda uthatha eziningi imithambo, okuyizinto isiqondiso entshonalanga. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30. Bona aphonseke emfuleni. Don. umcengezi zalo zakhiwa Donbas emfuleni:

• Bakhmut - owumthelela kwesokudla umfula oyinhloko Seversky eDonets laseDonetsk esifundeni sika. umthombo wendawo - laseGorlovka, umlomo - ukuze. Dronovka.
• Nitrius has a ubude 31 km. Kuyinto owumthelela kwesokunxele Seversky eDonets. Umlomo itholakala edolobhaneni Prishib. Kuthathwa emfuleni ehlanzeke laseDonetsk esifundeni.
• Ukuphela olusemthethweni - umfula enkulu Donbass. Ubude cishe 130 km. Qala ukuthatha endaweni IDonetsk ububanzi, emlonyeni itholakala edolobhaneni Raygorodok.
• Lugan kugeleza insimu ka izifunda ezimbili - Luhansk futhi IDonetsk. Istok itholakala laseGorlovka, umlomo - Stanitsa Luganskaya. A ubude mayelana 200 km.

Dnieper umcengezi

River phezu kuya empumalanga basonta indishi Dnieper. Nazi ezinye zazo.

• Bull - owumthelela. Samara. ubude isiteshi - ezingaphezu kuka-108 km. Umlomo itholakala budebuduze edolobhaneni. UPetru noPawulu Fortress. Libhekisela uhlelo amanzi yoLwandle Olumnyama.
• Salt - umfula ogeleza e IDonetsk futhi Zaporizhzhya izifunda. Ubude encane, km 28,6 kuphela. It kuvela. Volodya, umlomo waso nge. Ukuzingela.
• Wet Yaly - umfula, yisiphi isiteshi has a ubude ngu-150. It agelezela emfuleni. Wolf. Ububanzi phakathi kwalezi zinhlangothi zombili ngezinye izikhathi kuze amamitha 50.
• Wolf - umfula omkhulu, oluvela ku s. Evgenovka (IDonetsk yokhalo). It agelezela emfuleni. Samara, eduze nedolobhana. Kocherezhko.

Seversky eDonets

Lomfula ubhekwa ebaluleke kakhulu imithombo yamanzi kuleli Donbass. It is kabanzi embonini, ngakho isimo salo emvelweni iye yawohloka. Amasayithi okunobuthi kakhulu zitholakala eduze emadolobheni. Igama imithambo ngokuqondile okuhlobene p. Don. Ubude kuthatha 7 th indawo phakathi emifuleni Ukraine. Kuyinto enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu owumthelela Don. Isiteshi, edlulisela kuka 1000 km, sidlula endaweni Russian Federation nase-Ukraine. Istok Itholakala Sifundazwe esifundeni, umlomo - emzaneni Kochetovskaya (Rostov-on-Don).

Seversky eDonets River - umfula ngohlamvu ezolile. Izindawo non-akukho. It feeds ikakhulukazi ngenxa encibilika iqhwa. Kubhekiwe iyehla iyenyuka kwesizini izinga lamanzi. Ububanzi isilinganiso isiteshi 40-60 m, kodwa kuphela kwezinye izindawo-100 m. On emfuleni amadamu amaningi kwakhiwa. Phansi ogxile sandy, kulingane, kukhona ohamba uba nezimpophoma ezincane elula. Kuwo wonke eDonets kuthatha ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane nemingenela, futhi abancane kanye naphakathi.

Kalmius

Isifunda ngobukhulu yezimboni Donbass iyona laseDonetsk esifundeni. Kalmius River kuvela ku emthambekeni eseningizimu ye yokhalo Yasinovataya. It has a ubude km kuka-200. Umbhede emfuleni luphakathi laseDonetsk esifundeni. Kalmius nemnogovodny. ukujula kwesilinganiso sayo lingaphansi kuka 2 amamitha. Ekuqaleni ukugeleza ezihambayo ohlangothini eningizimu-mpumalanga. Kusayithi, okuyinto lwekuphatfwa ngalokuyimphumelelo kungokwalabo Starobeshevo wesifunda, kuthatha indawo eningizimu-ntshonalanga.

Ubude Kalmius kuthatha nemingenela 13 kwesokudla futhi 5 ngakwesokunxele. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo:

• Kalchyk.
• Olunameva.
• Wet Volnovaha.

Ubude yabo - engaphezu kwengu-60 km.

On emfuleni kukhona imizi ezine eziyinhloko: IDonetsk (sokuqondisa), Yasinovataya (elikhulu f / d umhlangano), Mariupol (obalulekile itheku nasodakeni resort), i-Komsomol. Ngaphandle kwabo, kuba nemiphakathi 13 ezincane kanye nasemalokishini. On Kalmius ezine kwesigubhu eyakhelwe. It is ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa ukunisela kanye namanzi zasemizaneni.

Muva nje, isimo emvelweni of emfuleni ayiyinhle kakhulu. Phakathi IDonetsk akunjalo baye baphila ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ezihlanzekile. Ayikho zokubhukuda Kalmius. Nokho, ku-ibhange eyakhelwe amapaki eziningi ezimangalisayo lapho ungakwazi ukuhamba kuzo zombili ihlobo nobusika.

Bakhmut

Omunye nemingenela kwesokudla Seversky eDonets River Bakhmut. Ubude bayo Yiqiniso 88 km. Akuve tortuous. Ububanzi okuyisilinganiso sabangu-10 m nemnogovodnaya River, ukujula - .. M 3 yiqhwa ebusika. Ice ihlala kuze kube maphakathi no-March. Izinga esiphezulu ilungiswe emfuleni kuphela ngesikhathi kukazamcolo. Phansi kuyinto onodaka, ngakho obala we yamanzi incane - mayelana 50 cm.

Ngaphambili, p. Bakhmut kwaba imikhumbi. Okwamanje, Nokho, kakhulu engajulile. Le miphumela kuholele ekusebenziseni kahle kwemithombo e izidingo kwezezimboni nakwezolimo.

Mius

Mius River kugeleza insimu ka izifunda ezintathu: Rostov, Lugansk futhi IDonetsk. Ukuze enembile, kuba umngcele phakathi ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi. ubude bayo - 258 km. It agelezela oLwandle ka Azov, obumba esizalweni somfula, esemgwaqweni eTaganrog Bay. Kuthatha ezintathu kwesokudla kanye nemingenela efanayo kwesokunxele. Nomthombo Mius uhambahamba kakhulu. Ububanzi isilinganiso mayelana 25 m, kodwa yehlisa ke kwandisa kuya 45 m. Amabhange owandile khuhla futhi edlelweni kwezimila. On emfuleni, emfudlaneni ihlangabezane, ngezinye izikhathi ububanzi yabo ifinyelela 800 m imiqulu futhi abe 50 cm futhi elula ukujula -. 6 m.

Wolf

Wolf River kuyinto owumthelela ezinkulu Samara. Ibanga kusuka umthombo emlonyeni 323 km. On emfuleni esakhiwe Pavlograd nemizana ezimbili ezincane. At ekuqaleni we ugu lwayo kuyinto kakhulu yene nemihlanga. Kunezindlela eziningi elula. Phansi ikakhulukazi ezinodaka, wabusa imigodi futhi bano. Eduzane edolobheni osebeni babe amabhishi ukhululekile anesihlabathi. Nokho, endaweni enhle kakhulu Wolf ndawo edabula Dibrovsky ihlathi.