Ibizo njengengxenye yokukhuluma

Izabizwana abanalo ifomu categorical semantic noma lwetakhi telulwimi ukuthi ngabe Yenza kubo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu futhi ikilasi kolimi, abazi yakha. Nokho, leli siko sisenjalo namanje eceleni futhi njengengxenye yokukhuluma isabizwana.

Ngo yezilimi, kusekhona esivumelwaneni ngalolu daba. Ngokwesibonelo, izazi zolimi ezifana L. V Scherba futhi A. M. Peshkovsky isabizwana njengoba tenkhulumo akubhekwa.

Ngo umkhuba esikoleni, futhi, has izici zayo siqu. Akukona lilinganise kubo tandziso pronominal, zabizwa ngolimi lwakithi (zikhona, njengoba kukhona).

Ngesikhathi sigaba samanje, kunezindlela eziningi lolimi nezichaza isiRashiya (ngisho zezemfundo), lapho, belingisa VV Vinogradov, kubhekwe kuphela isabizwana njengengxenye yokukhuluma, ihlobene ukusetshenziswa ibizo. Lokhu okuthiwa emabito pronominal. Eqinisweni, isibalo sabo isigaba, icala, futhi luhlobo luni akamuhle ehambelana up. A imodeli Nokwehla ne emabito bangabaphingi bonke ezahlukene. Iziphakamiso yalolu hlobo ne tabito (ngaphandle leli gama, enye) anixhunyiwe, njengoba umthetho, izincazelo kuhlukaniswa.

Nokho, umbono ngalokho isimo isabizwana kuthatha njengengxenye inkulumo enjalo, kubonakala kancane kuthethelelwe. Umehluko phakathi emabito pronominal futhi emabitombamba kukhona incazelo. Ngemva izigaba morphological yokugcina nolimi kusukela incazelo lucebe yamagama, futhi ngenxa yalokho ingxenye ehlukile yokukhuluma, bangase bangakwazi iyofezeka.

Kasibili wonke amagama pronominal ehlangana zibe munye ekilasini lucebe-semantic. Ngamunye wabo ngesikhathi esifanayo libhekisela ekilasini tabito, kuleyo ngxenye inkulumo, okuhambelana ifomu nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Ngakho, ngamunye kubo inenani pronominal futhi ukubaluleka ingxenye izigaba inkulumo lapho.

amazwi Pronominal babe imininingwane yabo:

1) Bakhomba izibonakaliso izinto, kepha ngokuthi, okungukuthi, ukubaluleka kwangempela banayo.

2), esebenzisa isabizwana esithi impande, hhayi ifomu lwetakhi telulwimi ichaza ukubaluleka pronominal.

Futhi esinye isici ukuze uwahlukanise zivela kwezinye izingxenye ze inkulumo. engasho lutho yabo kakade ngokwemvelo egxile "Mina", okungukuthi, isihloko isikhulumi. Lokhu kwavezwa kwelinye lemisebenzi yakhe, lokuthi A. M. Peshkovsky. Waphawula ukuthi isiRashiya kukhona izingcezu yokuthi baveze sengqondo isikhulumi nokucabanga lokho akushoyo futhi ecabanga. Izabizwana ekuqaleni igxile isimo inkulumo. Futhi labo abangabakhe umuntu wokuqala nowesibili, obizwa nangokuthi ngqo ingxoxo umhlanganyeli.

Ngokuya ngezici ngenhla, kumele kuphetfwe ukuthi izabizwana bakha iqembu elithile amazwi ukuthi cishe ngeke agcwaliswa, ivaliwe.

Kuhlanganiswe bahlukile kwezinye izingxenye zenkulumo futhi izakhiwo syntactic. Izabizwana ukudlala indima amazwi esikhundleni ungenalo indawo unomphela-syntax. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abanezikhundla nezinye izingxenye ezimele yokukhuluma.

Izabizwana ingxoxo cishe njalo zihlukaniswa buviyoviyo. Le ncwadi uboniswa ilungiselelo zokuloba ezifanele. Isipelingi ezivame kakhulu udwi emva izabizwana zoqobo uma abasenzela isiphakamiso indima isihloko, bese nemabito icala nominative - indima isilandiso. Lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni ezinjalo:

1) Uma kunesidingo, ukhethe ibizo ngokunengqondo: Yena - isephulamthetho isenzo!

2) Uma ukuphikiswa: ngikhala, ezwe ubuhlungu, futhi wena - kuphole!

3) Lapho kwakhiwa reverse mazwi: Phela, leli iqhawe - I.

4) Njengengxenye isiphakamiso kukhona ukufana isakhiwo: Thina - abawinile nabahluleli. Kithi - nodumo celebration!