I-VPN: ukumisa. I-VPN-uxhumano kwi-Windows, i-Android

Namuhla, yokuxhuma isengezo yangasese inethiwekhi ye-VPN (Virtual Private Network) kwanda. Nokho, akekho ngempela akusho ucabange ngalokho yasisiza nomqondo uhlobo «-VPN, lungiselela, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokunye. D.". Abasebenzisi abaningi be-ukungatholi bangene ehlathini ikhompyutha amagama nokusetshenziswa izifanekiso ejwayelekile. Futhi ukuzonda ngesizathu esihle. Kusukela ulwazi lokhu kuxhuma bangazuza eziningi, isibonelo, ukwandisa traffic futhi ijubane uxhumano, nokunye. D. Ake sibone ukuthi yini ngempela uxhumano kunethiwekhi okubonakalayo isibonelo okusebenza izinhlelo Windows uxhumana kukhompyutha esigungwini umile ne-Android ku-mobile devayse.

Uyini-VPN

Ake uqale nge iqiniso lokuthi i-VPN-silungisa akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kube nekucondza ngalokufanako isimiso wadala noma esetshenziswa uxhumano.

Uma echaza ngamagama alula nje, lenethiwekhi liyadingeka ukwethula umzila okuthiwa (umzila efanayo) nge ikhompyutha noma idivayisi yeselula uzama ukuxhumeka kunethiwekhi olukhona, ezengeziwe ejwayelekile IP-ikheli ukufinyelela "lokalku" noma i-Internet.

Kulokhu, a zenethiwekhi lapho icushiwe ngekubeka-VPN-uxhumano, amukela noma iyiphi idivayisi exhunyiwe kuyo, umsebenzi wokuba i-yangaphakathi IP-ikheli elihlukile. I ibanga lamakheli uku evamile amagugu ejwayelekile kusukela zero kuya 255.

Kuyini ezithakazelisayo kakhulu, ngisho nalapho uphuma Inthanethi zangaphandle IP-ikheli idivayisi kusukela lapho isicelo ukucacisa akulula neze. Lena ngenxa yezizathu eziningana, okuzoxoxwa ngezansi.

Indlela elula ukusetha i-VPN ngokuba "Android"

Cishe zonke zenethiwekhi usebenzisa uxhumano olungenantambo ngohlobo-Wi-Fi kusebenze isimiso esifanayo - esabelweni khulula IP amakheli senhlobo etholakalayo. Akumangazi ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi yeselula kalula exhunywe kubo (kodwa ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi ke igcina ezifanele uxhumano yezifiso).

Nokho, namuhla, iyiphi i-smartphone noma ithebhulethi isekelwe ohlelweni lwakwa-Android ibe okungenani obusebenzayo yabo lwenethiwekhi ukhetho okufanayo-Wi-Fi. Inethiwekhi ngokuzenzakalela uma idivayisi ekuhlanganiseni endaweni yayo. Into kuphela ukuthi kungase kudingeke, ngakho-ke ngephasiwedi kuphela. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i "rassharennye» (share) angadingi iphasiwedi ngaso sonke.

Kulokhu udinga ku-smartphone yakho noma kuthebulethi ukuya izilungiselelo eziyisisekelo bese wenza kusebenze i-Wi-Fi. Uhlelo ngeke bona khona imisakazo at ibanga 100-300 amamitha kusuka iyunithi (konke kuncike imodeli, router nomthengisi). Ngemva ekutholeni imenyu wenethiwekhi liyavela nge uxhumano iyatholakala nge Ukuvinjwa yabo. Uma inethiwekhi yakho has a isithonjana sokhiye, it is sivikelwe ngephasiwedi (nakuba umbiko kuyothiwa kuboniswe ekuqaleni). Uyazi iphasiwedi - faka.

Ngo omphakathi, lapho emnyango nge iphasiwedi singanikezwanga, futhi lokho kulula. Kuchaza inethiwekhi? Zonke. Chofoza uxhumano kanye nokusetshenziswa. Njengoba kusobala-VPN-kulungiselelwa kulokhu kungadingeki nhlobo. Enye into, uma ufuna ukusebenzisa ukwenza ngezifiso i-Windows noma kwenye uhlelo lokusebenza (ngisho mobile) ukuze udale uxhumano noma ukunikezela nge-computer noma isimo se-VPN-iseva laptop nomthengisi sika.

Ukudala i-VPN-iseva ukumisa Windows

Nge "OSes» Windows umndeni ilula kangaka njengoba abantu abaningi bacabanga kanjalo. Yiqiniso, ukuqashelwa ngokuzenzekelayo inethiwekhi, noma xhuma nge-Wi-Fi, ADSL, noma ngisho ukuxhumana ngqo ngokusebenzisa ikhadi inethiwekhi ye-Ethernet kuzala (kuncike ukutholakala imishini efakwe). Umbuzo uwukuthi: uma Razdan akuyona router, i-laptop noma ekwi-desktop yekhompuyutha, kanjani ukuphuma kulesi simo?

Amapharamitha main

Kuzoba kufanele umbe ku-Izilungiselelo ze-VPN. uhlelo lokusebenza le-Windows kubhekwa kwasekuqaleni.

Okokuqala udinga ukuba banake ngisho ekucushweni kohlelo kanye nezakhi zalo ahlobene. Nokho, uma udala uxhumano, noma uyisebenzisele max kufanele ulungiselele ezinye yezifiso njengoba TCP / IP (IPv4, IPv6).

Uma i-ISP yakho ayinikeze izinsizakalo ezinjalo ikumodi othomathikhi, kubalulekile ukwenza izilungiselelo kusengaphambili nge inkomba nemingcele wathola. Ngokwesibonelo, uma auto-uxhumano okusendimeni isiphequluli internet ukugcwalisa izakhiwo abapholile (kuyoba iphuzu ukuze ukhombe "Thola IP-ikheli ngokuzenzakalelayo"). Ngakho-ke akudingeki ukubhalisa subnet buso, esangweni, DNS noma WINS-iseva ngesandla (ikakhulukazi kumayelana weseva).

izilungiselelo router

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kumisa kwe-VPN wenziwa ASUS-laptop noma ukugcina (Nokho, kunoma iyiphi enye idivayisi) kuyinto evamile namanje ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi.

Ukuze kahle ukumisa router kufanele uye imenyu sakhe. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa isiphi isiphequluli Inthanethi enikeziwe ngokuqondile ukuxhuma router kwikhompyutha yakho noma ikhompyutha ephathekayo.

192.168.1.1 Inani wangena ikheli ensimini (lokhu okuhambelana izinhlobo eziningi) ilandelwe isebenze ukushintsha umsebenzi (ukubandakanyeka router imingcele kwimodi enwetshiwe). Ngokuvamile, umugqa enjalo ifana Uhlobo WLAN Connection.

Ukusebenzisa i-VPN-iklayenti

I-VPN-amaklayenti kukhona ngokwanele izinhlelo ezithile egijima wafana proxy amaseva engaziwa ukuthi ufihle ikheli ikhompyutha IP-umsebenzisi kweqiniso lapho ufinyelela inethiwekhi yendawo noma kuyi-Internet.

Empeleni, ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zalolu hlobo kuyehla kube automatism sekuyaphela. I-VPN-kulungiselelwa kuleli cala, ngokuvamile, akubalulekile, ngoba isicelo ngokwalo kabusha izicelo ezivela iseva eyodwa (mirror) ngakolunye.

Nokho, ukuhlela iklayenti abanjalo bayakuba kancane olukhohlisayo, ikakhulukazi uma ufuna ukwenza ekhaya VLAN esiphezulu uxhumano iyatholakala. Kuzoba kudingeke ukhethe phakathi imikhiqizo software. Futhi kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kunabo bonke ubukhulu, ngezinye izikhathi bebakhulu ezidayiswayo lemikhiqizo eziningi owaziwa, okuyiwona Kusafanele ikhokhwe (endleleni, futhi imali eningi).

Kodwa kuthiwani-TCP / IP?

Nakanjani ukuthi cishe zonke izilungiselelo ngenhla ntshashintshe kuthinte olandelwayo TCP / IP. Kuze kube manje, akuzange kusungulwe lutho olungcono a uxhumano ukhululekile futhi ngesivinini. Ngisho akude engaziwa proxy amaseva, noma idatha izitolo zendawo namanje ziyawasebenzisa la izilungiselelo. Kodwa naye kufanele uqaphele.

Kungcono ukushintsha imingcele ubheke ISP yakho noma umphathi woxhumano. Kodwa kusobala ukuthi kumelwe sikhumbule into eyodwa: ngisho nalapho ukubeka amanani ngesandla, njengoba umthetho, imaskhi subnet kuyinto ukulandelana 255.255.255.0 (e imvelo inethiwekhi ingahluka), futhi zonke amakheli we-IP uqale nge amagugu 192.168.0.X (uhlamvu lokugcina kungaba usuku olulodwa kuya izinhlamvu ezintathu).

isiphetho

Nokho, zonke lezi ubuqili ubuchwepheshe bama-computer. I-VPN iklayenti okufanayo "Android" anganikeza ukuxhumana phakathi amadivaysi ezihlakaniphile amaningi. Yilokho nje Snag enkulu wukuthi, noma ngabe ukusebenzisa lokho kuxhumana ku igajethi mobile.

Uma uke waphawula, ikakhulukazi imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe, asizange hamba. Kuyinto kunalokho isitatimende achazayo mayelana imiqondo jikelele. Kodwa ngisho isibonelo esilula, kucatshangwa, ngeke, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, baqonde okushiwo inkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma nokuqonda okucacile inkinga kuzoncishiswa kuphela izilungiselelo zohlelo ukuthi ngeke kuthinte umsebenzisi othile.

Kodwa lapha kumelwe niqaphelisise. Empeleni, labo abazi ukuthi VPN- uxhumano, ke ngeke kukuthinte. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi abasebenzisi eziphambili, kufanele kusho ukuthi ukudala zenethiwekhi siqu-Windows uhlelo lokusebenza amathuluzi ayo akunconywa. Ungakwazi Yebo sebenzisa izilungiselelo kokuqala, Nokho, njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, kungcono ukugcina zigciniwe abanye amaklayenti ezengeziwe abayobe njalo njengoba ikhadi trump up sleeve yakhe.