I ukuguga umzanyana ekukhulelweni: Izimbangela Nemiphumela

Zonke izitho ezibalulekile akhiwa abantu eside ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Futhi kubonakala lokhu akwenzeki imuphi umgwamanda ngokuzumayo wathatha wavela umuntu inqubo ukuphila. Nokho, lokhu kungenzeka. Ngokufanayo, placenta yisona sakhiwo esakha kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

afterbirth

Placenta - yigama lezokwelapha. Ngo abantu ibizwa ngokuthi izihlalo ingane. Ngakho, placenta - isitho esenzelwa ngokuhamba sokukhulelwa. Kungenxa ngomntanakhe uthola zonke umoya-mpilo nezakhi ezidingekayo. I-placenta Ungabonisa imvuthu imikhiqizo imfucuza ne-carbon dioxide. It sinikezwe umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu - ivikela umntwana kusukela amasosha omzimba kamama ukusabela kanye nezifo ezihlukahlukene.

Uma sicabanga placenta kusukela Ngokombono ongokwesayensi, kuba disk ezincane (ubukhulu - 20 cm)., Enesisindo kg mayelana 5 kanye ukushuba mayelana 3 cm Omunye uhlangothi lwalo ubhekene ezingenzeka embungwini (it is kusukela kulolu hlangothi eshiya umzanyana), kanti eyesibili ehlanganisa villi enamathiselwe kwesibeletho.

Ngo-placenta kakhulu kukhona ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo okuyothi ngalo exchange igazi phakathi kukamama nengane engakazalwa.

Uyini ukuguga umzanyana?

I ukuguga umzanyana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - ukuxilongwa lalivamile ukuthi odokotela ukubeka ikusasa abesifazane emshikashikeni. Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla wathi uqhutshwa ngesisekelo ultrasound futhi kubalulekile evamile kwengane esiswini.

Placenta 4 sihamba nokuvuthwa isinyathelo:

- zero, okuyinto sici yokukhulelwa amasonto 30;

- owokuqala, okuyinto Uthatha th 30 kuya 34 th ngesonto yokukhulelwa ;

- yesibili, okuhambelana ukukhulelwa 34 th-37 th ngesonto;

- isici wesithathu amasonto okugcina enkathi yokukhulelwa, ukuthi ivela kwesonto lika-37 futhi ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Kuye esiteji umzanyana beshintsha futhi ine izici isici. I ukuguga umzanyana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - ukunciphisa ukusebenza emzimbeni wathi. Lokhu akusho ukuthi yi-placenta, esesikhundleni, isibonelo, wesibili degree of ukuvuthwa, ayisebenzi. Lokhu umzimba kancane kancane nje kunciphisa izici zayo.

Kule ndaba, ukuhlonza zokugula ezifanayo sokukhulelwa ngasekupheleni akufanele kube ezibaluleke ngempela. zimbi kakhulu uma ukuguga umzanyana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa itholwa e senyanga yokuqala noma yesibili.

Imininingwane izigaba placenta yokuguga

Ubudala umzanyana - kuyinkomba ebaluleke kakhulu, esikhuluma ngokubutha okuyokwenzeka mayelana nentuthuko fetus kumiswa umbungu. Kwenzeka ukuthi kuvela lesi sibalo incike ngomphumela ukukhulelwa.

Njengoba sesivele wathi, 4 esinomhlapho nokuvuthwa esiteji.

Kusukela ngesonto 12 okukhulelwa uqala ukwakha futhi ngenkuthalo sikhule umzimba ezifana placenta. Njalo ngeviki, ivaliwe. Esikhathini kusuka 12 th-30 th ngesonto yokukhulelwa, degree of nokuvuthwa walo mzimba ngokuvamile zero. Ngalesi sikhathi isakhiwo ingane esihlalweni abushelelezi futhi iyunifomu. I-zero esiteji placenta ukwenza ngokugcwele wonke umsebenzi onikwe yona: ngenkuthalo uyasondla-fetus nge umoya-mpilo nezakhi kususa carbon dioxide futhi imikhiqizo imfucuza ingane esizayo.

isigaba Omunye

Inkambo evamile yokukhulelwa ngesikhathi kusuka th 30 kuya 34 th ngesonto oluhambisana esigabeni sokuqala nokuvuthwa lezihlalo ingane. It libhekene yokuthi kwaba phakathi nale nkathi placenta ayaqala ukuba avele izimpawu zokuqala ukuguga. Basuke obonakaliswe ukuvela semfene amancane inclusions. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umzimba wayo imisebenzi ebekiwe akaphelelwa: placenta uyaqhubeka esiza ingane ukuthuthukisa, ikhule futhi badle.

Ngezinye izikhathi le nkathi ubizwa ngokuthi inkathi ukuthuthukiswa umzanyana, njengoba kuba isikhathi esibekiwe-fetus ngenkuthalo ezikhula nokuthuthukisa.

Eyesibili esiteji

Isigaba sesibili ka nokuvuthwa (ukuguga) sici esingashintshi kuze kufinyelelwe esikhathini sokukhulelwa kusukela th 34 kuya 37 th ngesonto yokukhulelwa. Ultrasonography placenta ngalesi sikhathi ibonisa ukubukeka inqwaba inclusions, ukushintsha sendawo zomzimba. I ukujiya umzanyana kancane kancane uqala wehlise, okuholela ukwehla imisebenzi yayo sokusebenza.

Nokho, ukuthi ngenkathi esukela ku-34 th-37 th ngesonto yokukhulelwa, placenta wenza yonke imisebenzi edingekayo: ingane ithola izakhi idinga i ekukhuleni kahle ukukhula.

Isigaba sokugcina

Wesithathu (lokugcina) esiteji of nokuvuthwa obaphawuleka amasonto 36 okukhulelwa. I ukuguga umzanyana engena "entanjeni." Ukusebenza endaweni yezingane ancipha kakhulu, futhi kuza ukuguga yemvelo. Lesi sinyathelo nobuntu sokukhulelwa umnyuziki eside, futhi kubonisa ukuthi isithelo sesivuthiwe futhi lo mama uba isikulungele ukushiya. Ngaphandle placenta ngalesi sigaba has sebuningini inclusions nosawoti imali. isakhiwo salo kakhulu ze-non-iyunifomu, e-placenta waves abonakala, ukujula zazo kwezinye izindawo ifinyelela ungqimba basal.

Noma yimuphi ukuphambuka kusuka le mithetho kuthathwa njengesibikezelo esiyiso zokugula kudinga observation ehlelekile kanye nokwelashwa. Nokho, ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi umzanyana - akuyona umusho. Ukuthola esifike kwezinso kuzosiza usimamise isimo umbungu kanye nomamezala ukuletha a ukulethwa yimpumelelo.

I ukuguga umzanyana ekukhulelweni: Izimbangela

Izithombe umzimba ungabona esihlokweni. I-placenta, kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye umzimba othwala aphume ngenxa umthwalo ngokweqile. Kunezici eziningi lapho ukuguga umzanyana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Izimbangela ezinalesisifo zijwayele kakhulu yilena elandelayo:

- endocrine iziyaluyalu noma omama esizayo ezithathelwanayo, ukuthi it has pathologies sokuhamba kwegazi, kanye izinso kanye uhlelo urinary;

- ukungqubuzana Rhesus phakathi kukamama umbungu;

- ngokweqile (noma enganele) isisindo owesifazane okhulelweyo;

- utshwala nokubhema;

- ukutholakala isisu noma izizukulwane ezinzima kwangaphambili;

- toxemia;

- Ukudla okungafanele;

- isifo senhliziyo, samaphaphu umfutho wegazi ophakeme emithanjeni;

- nokukhulelwa izingane eziningi ngasikhathi.

Njengoba ubona, izizathu okuyinto kukhona ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi umzanyana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, abaningi. Lesi sifo esingelapheki, futhi atholwe izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezithathelwanayo, kanye nokuziphatha okungalungile e unina ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuthi ukuxilongwa ezifana ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi umzanyana, wafaka Kulezo zimo lapho degree of ukuvuthwa yesibili kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini amasonto angafika ku-32 noma lesithathu - amasonto 36.

Indlela ukwazi nokuqonda?

Funda mayelana placenta aguge kungaba esebenzisa ultrasound. Njengoba zokugula wathi kwenzeka ngaphandle izimpawu, self-waqonda ukuthi placenta akusho ekwenzeni imisebenzi yawo, akunakwenzeka.

Setha kakhulu ekuthuthukeni kwale zokugula kungaba futhi ngosizo optical inhliziyo qapha. Ibonisa fetus kwenhliziyo ukushintshashintsha ayo.

Nokho, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi azikho izimpawu ebonakalayo nokuvuthwa kwanoma placenta ayizange, usola ukuthi kukhona okungalungile, sisengakwazi ku ukuziphatha umbungu.

izimpawu

Ngakho, ukuguga umzanyana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa has zimpawu ezilandelayo:

- i-fetus kwenhliziyo ophilisayo. Lokhu kungenxa-mpilo yendlala yokuntuleka umsoco. Uphawu okungenhla kwakuchaza ukuthi placenta akusho yenze imisebenzi yayo;

- ngenxa umoya-mpilo yokulamba okhulelwe angase uzizwe jerks abukhali esiswini (kusukela senyanga yesibili): ingane iqala ukuhambisa ngenkuthalo, futhi ukukhahlela umsebenzi odlulela izingalo nemilenze;

- ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwezakhi nezithelo nhlobo ungayeka ezihambayo ezihambayo.

Lezi zimpawu ezimweni eziningi abonisa nokuvuthwa kwanoma izihlalo ingane.

imiphumela

Yini engenzeka uma kuhlonzwa ukuthi ukuguga umzanyana phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa? Imiphumela ingane wathi zokugula iyona ezimbi kakhulu.

Okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa (senyanga yokuqala) uphethwe efanayo ngokuvamile kuholela isisu noma okuthiwa isisu aphuthelwe.

Ngo senyanga yokukhulelwa wesibili, ukuvela kwalesi sifo kungaholela nokubambezeleka of ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo somntwana ongakazalwa kanye ukuzalwa komntwana ne isisindo sokuzalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi umzanyana uyakwazi ukubangela ukufa kwamangqamuzana obuchopho.

Nokho, ngokuvamile kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane senziwa yokuthathu yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Kulokhu, odokotela batusa ukusebenzisa izindlela yokufakelwa lokuzalwa letsintsa. Lapho droppers usizo, si akhethekile imijovo Ingasheshisa kuqala zomsebenzi futhi ubelethe ingane enempilo for 3-4 amasonto ngaphambi kosuku lwesikhashana ukulethwa.

ukwelashwa

Ngakho, umama okhulelwe sitholakale "ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi umzanyana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa." Ukwelashwa kulokhu kwenziwe endaweni esibhedlela. Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela izosebenzisa amakhambi nemithi ezivukayo egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

Kungcono ukwazi ukuthi ikhambi le zokugula akunakwenzeka. Mayelana nalokhu kuphathwa izodluliselwa ekusizeni umntwana esikhathini esizayo.

Kuye imbangela nokuvuthwa ilibele umzanyana nokuthumba owesifazane owayezithwele, ingase yabelwe a weThrojani noma imijovo. Uma imbangela yalesi uphethwe kwaba esithathelwanayo unina, yena uzobe wanikela Inkambo yokwelashwa ngemithi, kuye ngohlobo lwegciwane.

Ngokuvamile esimisiwe IVs kanye imijovo olungavimba ukuthuthukiswa hypoxia ku-fetus. Phakathi leyo mithi 'Aktovegin "," Kurantil ", kanye phospholipids ezibalulekile kanye nezinye izinkonzo zezempilo eziphakeme.

Le mithi asetshenziswa kanye nokunciphisa ithoni kwesibeletho futhi nokujikeleza kwegazi. ukuhluleka zokuphefumula, ungayibuyisela ingane imithi yakho glucose.

Nokho, kunezimo lapho indlela yokwelapha imithi akwenzi mqondo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukubeletha singakafiki isikhathi, okuyinto eyenziwa Ukubeletha. Njengomthetho, izinyathelo ezinjalo ezixakile ayisibonelo lapho libanjwa placenta ukuguga uma sebehlanganisa amasonto angu-34 okukhulelwa kanye ngolunye usuku.

Ukuze eziphuthumayo ezifana odokotela yakhetha lapho Sekutholakele ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa intrauterine ngomntwana kuyingozi ukwedlula nje wazalwa kungakabi isikhathi.

izinyathelo

Isethi ye izinyathelo ezingasiza ugweme ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi yomzanyana ulula. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bayacetshiswa ukuba bangayeki iyiphi imikhuba emibi, kungakhathaliseki ukubhema, utshwala kanye nezidakamizwa ngaphezulu. umama okhulelwe kufanele agweme ukucindezeleka, umsebenzi, kanye nendlela ongase ukwazi ngaso ukuchitha isikhathi esengeziwe ngaphandle.

Okubalulekile isilinganiso izifo iyona ehlelekile futhi uvakashele udokotela wezifo zabesifazane. Phela, lo ukuthola esifike isifo kuzosiza ngesikhathi ukuthatha isinyathelo esifanele futhi ukugwema nemiphumela ebuhlungu.

Kufanele angali uvakashela esibhedlela ngosuku: kumelwe kukhunjulwe ukuthi isimo umbungu e nokuvuthwa ekuseni umzanyana incike kweso lwezokwelapha, ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa onekhono futhi ezanele.

esikhundleni isiphetho

Ukukhulelwa kuvame kuhambisana ukubukeka pathologies ehlukahlukene kwezinso. Omunye izifo ezivamile, okuyinto wabeka omama abakhulelwe, kuyinto ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi umzanyana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Izimbangela nemiphumela yalesi sifo zingase zihluke ngokuphelele: kuyindlela ongafanele kokuphila kukanina, futhi ukuba khona kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, futhi ngisho yesifo azalwa naso.

Ngakho, sakhuluma ngalokho ukuguga umzanyana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Imiphumela ekuseni isitho nokuvuthwa incike isikhathi nesenzakalo yabo futhi ukuthola. Nokho, lapho enza ukuhambela esifike udokotela wezifo zabesifazane, ngoba ukugcwaliseka kwakho konke nemiyalelo udokotela, kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo kunganciphisa ematfuba okwenziwe ngaleli ukuphambuka.

Kuwufanele azi ukuthi iningi amacala, sitholakele "ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuguga yomzanyana" odokotela uphathe ekulinganiseni isimo umbungu nezesikhathi esizayo omama uzozala ukuba ngokuphelele futhi bekujabulela izingane.