I-tomography ye-computer yomhlathi: isifinyezo samazinyo

Amazinyo wamanje ahlinzeka ngemisebenzi yomphakathi ezingeni eliphezulu. Ikhwalithi yezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kuxhomeke ekuxilongweni, ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezintsha kanye nodokotela. Ukwenza izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlinza, ukulungiselela ukufakelwa kanye nama-prosthetics kusiza kakhulu ukuhlaziywa komhlathi. Kuyini? Kuyini inzuzo? Indlela ephephile kangakanani? Lezi zindaba kanye nezinye izinto kuzoxoxwa kulesi sihloko.

Kuyini lokhu?

I-tomography yekhompyutha yindlela yesimanje yokucwaninga ngokucophelela (CT). Ikuvumela ukuba ufunde indawo edingekayo yomzimba ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa.

Le ndlela isekelwe emisebeni ye-X-ray. Ikuvumela ukuba ubone isitho noma isisindo ngokungahambisani, futhi esithombeni sesithathu. Lisetshenziswa ezinyathelweni zokuqala zokwelashwa, ukuhlela izidakamizwa ezinyangeni zamanje zamazinyo. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubuke kahle ngeso lengqondo into futhi uyibuke kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.

Umehluko phakathi kuka-CT no-X-ray

I-computer ye-tomography yomhlathi inikeza ochwepheshe ithuba lokubona isakhiwo sethambo, indawo yamazinyo, namalungu. Isithombe se-X-ray, mhlawumbe, sibone konke. Lona isithombe endizeni eyodwa. Indlela evunyelwe ukwenza isithombe sezinhlangothi ezimbili. Noma kunjalo, lezo zithombe azizange zinike odokotela lonke ulwazi. Ngokungangabazeki, balahlekelwa isithombe se-3D (3D). Phela, lesi sithombe sasinezinto eziphilayo ezibekwe eceleni.

Namuhla, izinhlelo zokusebenza kuhlelo zikuvumela ukuba ubuke isithombe se-3D ngakwesokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izifundo zokuxilonga zingagcinwa ohlelweni nasesidini sedijithali.

I-X-ray indlela isasetshenziswa ngendlela endala. Kunalokho, ukuze uhlole isimo jikelele. Kodwa uma lesi sithombe sibonisa isikhashana sokuphikisana, isiguli sinconywa ukuba senze i-CT scan. Phela, le ndlela izokuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone isimo samathambo, ukuwahlola kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.

Ubukhulu bezingqimba bulawulwa wuhlelo. Imishini yesimanje ikuvumela ukuthi wenze izinhlamvu zezigidi. Ezokwelapha amazinyo, ikakhulukazi e-prosthetics, indima ebalulekile idlalwe yi-tomography ye-jaw. Isifinyezo sekhwalithi enhle sivumela ukwenza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi yokuhlinza, ukudala uhlelo oluqondile lokufakelwa kabusha, ukuhlolisisa ama-neoplasms ahlukahlukene. Ngezinye izikhathi isiguli sifunda ngengozi ngokuba khona kwe-cyst noma enye inkinga ngemva kokuxilongwa.

Ziqokwe amaphi amacala?

I-computer ye-tomography yama-jaws 3D iyasindisa ezimweni ezilandelayo.

1. Ukulimala kwemvelo ehlukile endaweni okucatshangelwa kuyo.

2. Ukuxilongwa kwe-caries eseceleni.

3. I-tomography yekhompyutha yomhlathi ophezulu kunconywa ngesifo sesinus (sinusitis, cysts, polyps).

4. Ngaphambi kokungenelela kokuhlinzeka endaweni yendawo enkulu ye-maxillofacial.

5. Uma uhlela ukusebenza kwamazinyo.

6. I-tomography yekhompuyutha yomhlathi iphakanyiswa odokotela ngokuma ngendlela engavamile kwamazinyo noma ukuqhuma kwawo okungalungile.

7. Inqubo iphumelela ekuxilongeni ama-neoplasms ahlukene emathanjeni ethambo nasemazweni angaphandle.

8. Isithombe sibonisa kahle isimo sezinyo ngalinye, impande yawo, izinga lokubhujiswa, ubuqotho bezimpawu.

Izinhlobo ze-CT ezinamazinyo

Ukuze kutholakale izinguquko emgodini womlomo wabathuthukisi bakhiqiza ama-tomographe ezinhlobo ezintathu:

1. Idivayisi ye-conical-beam.

2. I-tomograph ye-Spiral.

3. Idivayisi yokucubungula okulandelanayo kwezendlalelo.

Amadivaysi e-cone-ray avele kuphela ekhulwini lethu. Umbono odokotela ubonisa iqiniso lokuthi lolu hlobo luyikusasa. Kodwa namuhla izifundo ezinjalo zisetshenziswa kuphela ensimini yamazinyo. Umamukeli wepulani ubhalisa ngemisebe. Futhi i-tomograph ilungisa ulwazi olutholiwe. Lokhu kungokwemvelo kwezilwane. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubuyekeze isithombe esinembile kunazo zonke ezintathu.

Ingabe kuyadingeka ukulungiselela lolu cwaningo?

Azikho izincomo eziqondile ngaphambi kwenqubo. Isiguli asivunyelwe ukudla imikhiqizo evamile kuye, imithi. Ngokuvamile, akukho izinguquko endleleni yokuphila.

Njengomthetho, i-tomography ehlanganisiwe yomhlathi ophansi, njengengxenye engenhla, yenziwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umehluko. Kodwa uma kudingekile lokho, khona-ke izazi zicela ukuthi isiguli sifinyelele ekuxilongweni ngesisu esingenalutho.

Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ulwazi olungeziwe luzokuvumela ukulungisa idivayisi ngokuqondile. Uma kukhona imiphumela yezifundo ezedlule ezitholakalayo, kunconywa ukuba uhambe nabo kudokotela noma ukukhipha.

Ukungafani: kuyini futhi yini esetshenziselwa yona?

Kwezinye izimo, isiguli sinikezwa i-tomography yekhamera yomhlathi ngokuphambene. Isisekelo salesi sidakamizwa kwakuyi-iodine. Uhlinzeka usizo ekutholeni ukubonakala okuphezulu kwezithambo ezinomsoco nemithambo yegazi.

Umthamo wokuqhathaniswa ubalwa ngamunye ngesiguli ngasinye ngumchwepheshe. Ngenxa yalokhu, isisindo sesiguli sinakwa. Isidakamizwa asilimazi umzimba futhi sisuswa kuso kungakapheli amahora angu-24. Ngenxa yokuthi emazinyo omuthi ucwaningo oluyinhloko luhloswe ngama-tissue azinzima, ukungafani akuvamile ukusetshenziswa.

Incazelo emfushane yenqubo

Isiguli sibekwe esilwaneni semoto. Bese kungena ngaphakathi kwedivayisi, ezoskena.

Inzwa ye-tomograph ijikeleza indawo ehleliwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, isiguli siyalulekwa ukuba sihlale simanje. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuvimbela izithombe ukuthi zingabonakali.

Kunokuxhumana okubili okuphakathi ngaphakathi kwedivayisi. Ngenkathi yenqubo, isiguli akufanele sizizwe kunganaki. Kodwa uma kukhona izikhalazo, kufanele azise ngokushesha udokotela ngakho.

Isiguli sigcina egumbini lokuhlonza ngokwakhe. Ochwepheshe bebukele inqubo kusuka ekamelweni elilandelayo. Ukukhipha injabulo phakathi nesifundo, umuntu angamema isihlobo naye ngokuthi "ukusekelwa kokuziphatha." Lokhu kuvunyelwe.

Ngaphezu kweyodwa idivayisi yeselula yokuskena isivele ivele emitholampilo yamazinyo. Isiguli sigcina sihlezi esihlalweni somama wamazinyo.

Inqubo ephephile kangakanani?

Ngenxa yokuthi le ndlela isekelwe emisebeni ye-ray ray, abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi kuyingozi empilweni. Ochwepheshe bachaza ukuthi ayikho ingozi. Ngenxa yezinguquko ekwakhiweni kwe-tomograph, izinga lezinsika ezidluliselwayo liphansi kakhulu kunamadivaysi amadala. Konke lokhu kusenza sikwazi ukubiza lolu hlobo lokuxilonga ngokuphelele ephephile.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lokhu kusebenza ezigulini ezingenalo ukuphikisana nalolu hlobo locwaningo.

Funda mayelana nokuphikisana

1. Ochwepheshe abacebisi ukuqhuba lesi sifo uma umuntu ehlushwa yi-claustrophobia.

2. Ungabeki i-CT ebuhlungu besifo.

Ukunyakaza okungahambi kahle (i-hyperkinesis) futhi kuyasebenza njengendlela yokuphikisana nenqubo.

4. Ukuqhathaniswa nokudluliselwa kwe-CT kubesifazane abakhulelwe. Naphezu kokuthi inani lemishanguzo lingencane, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi noma yikuphi ithonya langaphandle kungcono ukukhipha. Phela, ngisho ne-dose encane ingathinta kakhulu ukwakheka kwe-fetus. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi odokotela abaningi bathi kuphikisana kuphela ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala ze-tomography ebomvu yomhlathi. Isifinyezo samazinyo e-3D phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokubeletha ingane ngeke simlimaze.

5. Ngisho nasesiteji sezinqubo zokuhlela ngokusebenzisa umehluko, izazi zibika lokhu okungahambisani nalokhu: ukungaphumeleli kweqhwaba, ukungahambi kahle kwamakhemikhali, i-lactation period.

Ingabe izingane zingenziwa?

Sitsho kakade ukuthi umthamo we-radiation owutholwa isiguli awubalulekile. Nokho, njengalabo abakhulelwe, odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi kungcono ukungabi nengozi. Kuze kube neminyaka engu-14, akukho tomography ekhompyutheni yomhlathi. Isifinyezo samazinyo, uma kunesidingo, senziwa ngendlela ye-x-ray. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezibucayi, lapho inzuzo yenqubo ingaphezu kwengozi engenzeka, inqunyelwe izingane.

Yini ezokwenziwa ezandleni zesiguli?

Ngemuva kokuthi inqubo ye-CT igcwaliswe, ngemva kwemizuzu engu-15, ukuskena kuzolungeleka. Isiguli sinikezwa izithombe, ukukhishwa. Futhi, imiphumela yocwaningo ingaqoshwa kwi-digital medium. Kulula kakhulu. Uma isiguli singenaso isikhathi sokulinda imiphumela yokuskena, zonke izinto zingadluliselwa ekhelini le-imeyili. Imiphumela yezivivinyo izogcinwa kwikhompyutha yomchwepheshe. Ngemva kokuthola izithombe nokukhishwa, isiguli siya nabo kudokotela wakhe.