I-gramophone yi ... Incazelo, izici, umlando nokukhiqizwa

Abanye abathandi bomculo abayinkimbinkimbi bakhetha ama-discs we-vinyl kuma-CD. Kungani? Lo mbuzo kufanele ubuzwe ngokuqondile kumculo womculo. Kodwa amadivaysi okudlala lawa marekhodi ajabulisa kakhulu. Mayelana ne-gramophone, mhlawumbe wonke umuntu wezwa, kepha igama elithi "i-gramophone" eziningi kubangela ukuthukuthela nokungaqondi kahle ngokuphelele. I-gramophone yikho?

Iyini i-gramophone?

Umuntu okhuluma ngegramophone ngokuvamile kusho inguqulo ephathekayo yegramophone, eyabizwa negama layo ngenxa yeFrench yaseFrance "Pathe". Nguye owayehlala ngezikhathi zaseSoviet ezithengisa la madivaysi ensimini yezwe lamaSoviet. Amadivayisi ayekhona ukuze adlale amarekhodi e-vinyl. Ukuhamba kwale nguqulo yomdlali kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi ilungiselelwe njenge-suitcase ngesibambo, okwenza kube lula ukuyithwala ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu.

Umlando we-gramophone

Ngokusho kwemithombo yomlando, ukuzenzekela ngokudlala umculo owenziwe ekhulwini le-XIth kuPheresiya lasendulo - kwakukhona umzimba osebenza ngendleko yamandla omzimba, owasungulwa yi-Banu Musa ososayensi-abazalwane. Ngemva kwesikhashana, laba bazalwane baqamba umcibisholo owakwazi ukwenza imisindo ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza komculi. Izincazelo ezinokwethenjelwa zendlela yokwenziwa kwalesi sakhi azange zisinde nanamuhla.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kuye kwaba nemizamo eminingi yokwakha idivayisi engakwazi ukukhiqiza imisindo ngaphandle kosizo olukhethekile lwesandla somuntu. Ukuphumelela kunazo zonke kwakuwumzamo kaThomas Edison: ngo-1877, kwasungulwa i-gerograph. Kwakuyidivaysi engaphelele ngokuphelele, okwenza umsindo ophuthumayo, futhi ipuleti ebhalwe ngayo yayisemuva.

Umsindo wabhalwa kwi-roller wax ngenaliti encane yensimbi, engeke neze ihlinzeke ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza okuhle. Naphezu kwazo zonke lezi ziphutha, lokhu kwaba ukuphumelela kwangempela. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kuye kwavela inani elikhulu lezinhlelo ezahlukene ze-phonograph, ezazisetshenziswa ngempumelelo kuze kube yiminyaka engamashumi amathathu nantathu ekhulwini lama-20.

Ama-gramophones bokuqala ayengabonakali futhi angenakwenzeka. Ngenxa yokungabi namandla okulawula ivolumu, ukulalela umculo emakamelweni amancane kwakuyingozi ngisho ngenxa yevolumu ephezulu yomsindo odlalwa.

I-gramophone yokuqala yokuqala yabonakala ngo-1907 ngenxa yesisebenzi esisodwa sefektri "Pate", ophakamise ukuthi uphondo lwama-phonograph luhanjiswe ngaphakathi kwendlwana, okuqinisekisa ukuthi usayizi omncane. Ekukhiqizeni okukhulu kwama-gramophones ephathekayo waqala inkampani DEKKA ngo-1913.

Igama elithi "gramophone" ensimini yeSoviet Union lisetshenziswe ngokungalungile. Kungase kuzwakale ukuthi i-gramophone iyinhlangano ephathekayo yegramophone, kodwa inkinga enkulu ngalesi sitatimende ukuthi la madivayisi anemigomo yokusebenza ehlukile. Ekhuluma ngalokho abantu abavame ukucabanga ngakho lapho kukhulunywa igama elithi "gramophone", sikhuluma ngempela ngegramophone ephathekayo. Isimiso somsebenzi sithathwe ku-gramophone, nokubukeka - kudivayisi, ogama lakhe libolekiwe.

Amafemu amakhulu akhiqiza le divayisi ensimini ye-USSR:

• "I-Hammer" - kuyiVavka glades.
• I-Moscow gramophone factory.
• I-factory Leningrad gramophone
• I-Leningrad factory "Gramplasttrest."
• I-Kolomna i-gramophone factory.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-phonografia nama-gramophones aqala ukushintshwa yi-electrophones amaningi anamuhla.

Idivayisi ye-gramophone

Ngaphakathi kwe-gramophone yindlela yokwenza intwasahlobo, enesibopho sokujikeleza kwe-substrate yamapuleti. I-amplifier yomsindo yayisisekelo, efihliwe ngaphakathi kweso. Le ndawo yayine-membrane, ukuduma kwezwi elidluliselwayo, nezinaliti. I-membrane yayiwumqhubi womsindo enhlokweni. Umsindo uphuma emgodini ngaphansi kwenhloko yensimbi . Injini yayine-centrifugal speed regulator; Esinye isitshalo sasanele ukudlala uhlangothi olulodwa lwepuleti, kaningi kunamacala amabili.

Indlela yokusebenzisa kahle i-gramophone?

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-gramophone ne-gramophone ayifani, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukudlala i-gramophone ku-gramophone, kanye nakancane. Amapulangwe kumele ahlale esuswa ngothuli, ngoba uthuli luphazamisa umsindo ocacile wezingqimba. Kunconywa ukuba ubeke inaliti ngemuva kokulalela ngamunye, ngoba inaliti ephikisayo ingashiya imivimbo emgqeni, okungaholela ekutheni "uhlasele", lapho ungafunda khona irekhodi le-vinyl.

Inaliti akumele ibekwe ngokuphambene nendawo epulazini - abahluleli bacabanga ukuthi ukuphambuka okujwayelekile kuyoba ngama-degree angu-45-50, kodwa lokhu kuncike kuphela kumodeli womdlali. Akuyona into engafanele ukuthi ingalo yethoni ihamba ngokushelelayo - uma iphoqelelwa kwifomu ehlungwe, kufanele iqhume futhi ihambe. Isisindo se-weightarm sineqhaza ekukhiqizeni, ngoba isici esinzima kakhulu singanikeza ingcindezi eyengeziwe epulatifeni, ephazamisa umsindo weqiniso.

Kuyafana, kodwa kuhluke kakhulu

Abantu ngokuvamile abakwazi ukutshela ngaso leso sikhathi ukuthi i-gramophone ihluke ku-gramophone. Umehluko omkhulu kunendlela yokudlala amarekhodi. Ukuqoshwa kwe-gramophone kudlala kusukela enqenqemeni kuya esikhungweni, kuyilapho amapulethi e-gramophone ephikisanayo - kusukela enkabeni kuya enqenqemeni. Kukhona futhi umehluko endleleni yokurekhoda amarekhodi ngokuqondile.

Intengo ephakathi ye-gramophone

I-gramophone ibiza kangakanani? Le ngxabano ephikisanayo. Njengamanje, intengo ejwayelekile ingashintsha kuye ngezici eziningi ezahlukene: izwe elikhiqizayo, unyaka wokukhiqiza, umbuso. Izitolo ze-intanethi ezisemqoka kulezi zingcingo zomculo zingakwazi ukwehlisa kakhulu amanani, futhi ungagcina okuningi uma uthenga ama-rarities afanayo e-platforms ezinikeza izikhangisi ngqo ezivela kubathengisi bukhoma, ongakhuluma ngakho isaphulelo.

Ukuthenga i-gramophone endala nazo zonke izingxenye zingathinta kakhulu isabelomali sesakhamuzi esijwayelekile. Intengo ejwayelekile yedivayisi yi-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili, ngenani elifanayo ongashayela amarekhodi ahlukahlukene womculo.

Uma ufuna ukuthengisa idivaysi, ingabe i-gramophone ingakanani, iyoxhomeka kuwe kuphela, isimo se-gramophone nokutholakala komthengi we-solvent, ozimisele ukuthenga idivayisi kusuka kuwe.

Ngaphansi kwakhe sakhala, sithandwa futhi sidansa ...

E-USSR, i-gramophone yayiyingxenye ebalulekile yemisebenzi ehlukahlukene: yayidume ukudansa kumculo odlalwa i-gramophone. Kwakuyimfanelo ebalulekile kuzo zonke izindlu, ezaboniswa endaweni ebonakalayo ekubonisweni komphakathi. Mayelana nale divayisi kunezinombolo eziningi zezinkondlo, izingoma nezincwadi. Indaba "Indlela i-gramophone yeqhude ekufeni egcinwe ngayo" ifika engqondweni . Emsebenzini ngamunye uthatha indima ekhethekile.

I-gramophone iyisidingo esasetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, futhi manje livusa ukwesaba kwama-junkies. Futhi naphezu kokuthi isikhathi sidlula, ubuchwepheshe buba nzima, isizukulwane esidala sizokhumbula ngothando olukhethekile ngalezo zikhathi lapho baqala i-disk endlini yendawo yamasiko, badansa, bathandana futhi bazithokozisa ngokwabo umsindo womculo we-gramophone.