GPON Inthanethi: ukubuyekezwa, amazinga, uxhumano

Abasebenzisi abaningi Russian phezu Internet, sibambe omunye entsha bonke ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana nabantu - GPON. Ingqalasizinda eyakhelwe ngesisekelo le ndinganiso, ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa ehola nezinkampani zokuxhumana Russian nasemazweni angaphandle. Yiziphi izici lobu buchwepheshe? Yiziphi zako phezu ukuncintisana izixazululo?

amaqiniso Key mayelana nobuchwepheshe

Uyini GPON ubuchwepheshe uxhumano okuyinto iba chithi saka emadolobheni amaningi amakhulu Russia? Lokhu isiteshi zokuxhumana kuyinto yokwenziwa uhlobo lwenethiwekhi optical uyakwazi ukuhlinzeka Ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi ngesivinini kakhulu - emakhulwini megabits / umzuzwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lobu buchwepheshe ivumela wesevisi ukuhlinzekela inqwaba amasevisi zokubhalisa ezihlobene - IP wefoni, i-TV digital, njll Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi esikhathini isici ukufinyelela GPON Inthanethi - ubuchwepheshe ethembisayo.

Iqiniso lokuthi, ngokungafani abaningi nobunye ubuchwepheshe zokuxhumana idatha digital besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe GPON is ayihambi ngokusebenzisa wire sensimbi, futhi esebenzisa isiteshi ukukhanya. It ingxenyenamba ngokuvamile ezincane of a yesibili ngokushesha. Kodwa kulesi silinganiso nedolobha noma isifunda, umehluko izinga idatha kungenziwa ngempela libizwa. Futhi yokudlulisela i-pulse ukukhanya, ngokuvamile kudinga amandla esingaphansi ukudluliswa isignali ngokusebenzisa wire lensimbi. Lokhu, ngokusho kongoti eziningi, kungenxa enombolweni yezinto yokunquma kahle kwezomnotho ka GPON ubuchwepheshe.

Umkhawulo ubude fibre optic ikhebula, lapho angadluliselwa isiginali yayikhona intuthuko engatheni, - 20 km, nobuchwepheshe athuthukiswe ukuthi ungavumela ukwandisa lesi sibalo kuya ku-km 60. Ukubhebhetheka global GPON-ubuchwepheshe waqala e 90s maphakathi nawo ', waba negalelo elikhulu imizamo elihlanganisiwe lazo phambili ezokuxhumana yizinkampani ezimbalwa.

tariffing

Yini inikezwa ngabahlinzeki yesimanje isiRashiya, unike amandla GPON, amanani? Zonke, yebo, kuncike esifundeni Russia nomuzi. Njengomthetho, eYurophu eyayiyingxenye Russia-Inthanethi ishibhile, kungakhathaliseki ubuchwepheshe esetshenziswa zokuxhumana kuka eliseMpumalanga Ekude. Kodwa uma sithatha lokukhokhisa by esifundeni strip Central, ungakwazi ukuzula lezi zimiso.

megabits engabizi

Ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi nge mayelana 10-12 Mbit / s speed umhlinzeki uzokubuza ruble mayelana 300-400 ngenyanga. Uma umsebenzisi idinga amacebo, isibonelo, 20-25 megabits, kuzobiza ruble mayelana 500-700. Ngayo njalo kwencazelo "ifomula" tariff efana okulandelayo - imali nyangazonke ezibizayo, ephansi izindleko izindleko "megabit" olulodwa.

abahlinzeki amaningi anika ababhalisile zabo ukufinyelela kwamahhala nezinto ezidingekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, umphakeli ukufinyelela amasevisi ulungele ukuthumela ekhaya iklayenti ukumisa amadivaysi master, nakho ngeke athathe lutho. Okungukuthi inkokhelo ukuze athenge ithikithi - kungcono empeleni zonke izindleko ezithwalwa isikhokhelo. Okungenani kule format inikeza isevisi ngesisekelo MGTS GPON (izibuyekezo aqukethe ababhalisile abaningi ngokungananazi ukuhlolwa omuhle mayelana naloku kukhetha) - enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ngokushesha kakhulu ukukhula isici kusungulwa izidingo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe abahlinzeki Russian.

Ukuqhathanisa ADSL

Ngaphambi ukunikeza ukufinyelela kwi-Inthanethi GPON-ubuchwepheshe ibilokhu osakazwa kabanzi, okujwayelekile zokuxhumana ezijwayelekile elalihlala abahlinzeki isiRashiya, kwaba ADSL-ukufinyelela. Ngomqondo onabile, futhi manje emadolobheni amaningi kubhekwa eziyisisekelo. Ngisho enhloko-dolobha isiRashiya, ababhalisile abaningi axhunyiwe ngokusebenzisa ke. ADSL izinzuzo Basic phezu GPON liqukethe yokuthi ufinyelele ku-intanethi kungenziwa ihlelwe ngesisekelo yocingo umugqa ekhona.

Awukho umsebenzi ukufakwa ezengeziwe, njengoba umthetho, kungadingeki ukukhiqiza. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ADSL, njengoba umthetho, okuningi ubuchwepheshe entsha ukulahlekelwa ijubane. Uma ukufinyelela kwi-inthanethi 20-25 megabits ngomzuzwana ngokuba GPON, kunalokho kuyinsakavukela endabeni usebenzisa ADSL - ezimweni eziningi okuhlukile.

Ekonomvariant

Nokho, uma iqhathaniswa nayo izinkomba GPON izilinganiso Inthanethi nge- ADSL, ngokuvamile ngezansi. Futhi oholela kangcono kubasebenzisi abaningi ngoba kwanele ukwenza iningi imisebenzi yayo labo ngesivinini ukuthi ayatholakala uma usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe amadala, okungukuthi - 3-5 megabits ngomzuzwana. Lesi sibalo, ikakhulukazi, kwenza kube ukhululekile ukulayisha amakhasi ewebhu, amavidiyo, ukulalela umculo, ukuxoxa ku-Skype. Ilungiselela GPON-compounds ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungase kube kancane kunokukwenza izenzo okuhambisanayo uma usebenzisa ADSL-siteshi. Lokhu kungafaka kokubili software kanye hardware. Nokho, njengoba sishilo, ezimweni eziningi, umnikeli wemisebenzi yezehlalakuhle unikeza ababhalisile yayo namasevisi olufanele mahhala.

nemibi GPON

Yiziphi nemibi lobu buchwepheshe ukuze ochwepheshe? Abanye ochwepheshe, isibonelo, cabanga ukuthi izinga esibekiwe of 300 noma ngaphezulu megabits ngesekhondi ngalinye abantu ukufeza ezimweni eziningi akunakwenzeka. Ngoba nje omningi walo modems ukuthi ingashintshwa ukuze ukusetshenziswa fiber optic ekhaya (cishe kanye nazo zonke - walabo esinikezwa yakho ye-ISP khulula), ubuchwepheshe sihlanzekile kungaba ukudlulisa idatha nge-Wi-Fi ngesivinini ngenhla 70-80 megabits. Ngenkathi abasebenzisi eziningi eMoscow kumele isetshenziswe kuphela ukuxhuma format engenantambo. Nakuba ezinye izitatimende futhi abameleli MGTS GPON-ukufinyelela ababhalisile isihloko zizonikezwa ngokusebenzisa yesimanje-Wi-Fi-modems, ikakhulukazi lezo sokuqhuba imvamisa 5 GHz. Nakuba iningi umsebenzi zamanje 2.4 GHz.

isici kwezomnotho

Phakathi izazi uqaphele ukushiyeka i nature kwezomnotho, okuyizinto eyinqaba kumanethiwekhi esekelwe GPON (izibuyekezo eziningi abahlaziyi zezimali siliqinisekise), naphezu ongaphakeme isignali amandla transmission, udinga ukuhlela imishini agcwele ingqalasizinda kuyabiza futhi asule ngempela kancane. Ngakho-ke, njengoba izazi zikholelwa kungcono ukwethula ubuchwepheshe obufana lapho umhlinzeki nakanjani GPON ngeke nje ukuxhuma inqwaba amakhasimende. Nokho, ngokuvumelana isibalo eziningi abahlaziyi, abahlinzeka ngemisebenzi, ngesikhathi esifanele ukutshala sesimanje netinsita, ikakhulu esivuna kwathatha GPON, angase kamuva ukunciphisa izindleko ezihlobene ne nokugcina inethiwekhi ukusebenza, izikhathi eziningana.

izixazululo yokuncintisana

Yini kungaba ehlukile ukusetshenziswa MGTS GPON-ubuchwepheshe? Phakathi kwalabo ochwepheshe bathi DOCSIS standard, abathintekayo ngenkuthalo nezinye umhlinzeki eMoscow - "Acad". Lobu buchwepheshe kuhilela "hybrid" ukusetshenziswa Fibre Channel - ngokuya ukuxhumana phakathi umhlinzeki kanye amaseva zokubhalisa izindlu futhi izintambo ithelevishini ukufakwa zokuhlala eziningi wedolobha - kokubili izingxenye isikimu umsebenzisi abafanele ukuhlinzeka i-Internet. Inzuzo main lobu buchwepheshe kuya GPON (izibuyekezo abasebenzisi abaningi "Acad" ezigxile lesi sici) - asikho isidingo ukufakwa ezinomsindo usebenza endlini.

isivinini esivamile ukufinyelela, inqobo ababhalisile yenhloko-dolobha namuhla, oda megabits 110, kodwa ngokomthetho lesi sibalo zingandiswa ku-400, ochwepheshe abaningi bathi.

Ikhebula noma fibre

Enye inzuzo yokuhamba kwesikebhe DOCSIS ukuze GPON (ukubuyekezwa IT-ongoti uqinisekise lesi) - ikhebula ithelevishini is ngcono kakhulu bavikelekile umonakalo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka, isibonelo, ukuthi abanikazi engaqondile step on the fibre, wafaka ifenisha, ngocingo kuyo ngokushesha ehluleka. akusiyo ngokuvamile "yesiqinisekiso uma" - umninindlu wesevisi, yebo, kuyofika, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi akusiwona khulula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, coaxial cable TV kungaba lula angabacwasi ukumisa bebodwa, esekelwe lula indawo yayo efulethini. Ngokwesibonelo, uma lenzeka ingxenye ezimbili ukuxhuma kubo nomunye kungaba bamba elula. Nge fibre optical kulo mqondo, njengoba umthetho, kuba more xaka.

New Ukubhekana Giants

Elinye ikhambi uyakwazi ukuba nathi of MGTS GPON (izibuyekezo ngochwepheshe eziningi, okungenani, aqukethe ukuhlolwa omuhle ngekusasa lakhe) - ke FTTB ubuchwepheshe. Isebenzisa "VimpelCom" - isakhiwo, engabanikazi bephephandaba sha "Beeline".

By the way, singabona iqiniso ezithakazelisayo: MGTS - kuyinto ephethwe omunye opharetha Russian mobile MTS. GPON, ukuncintisana kanye FTTB, ngokwezinga elithile, le ngxabano ka MTS futhi "Beeline" phezu izimakethe bendabuko bona. Ijubane ukufinyelela usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ngokulandelana megabits 100. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba kwaphawula u-ezinye izazi, ngobuchwepheshe kungenzeka ukwandisa izinga afika ku 1 Gigabit.

Siphinde uqaphele ukuthi MGTS akuyona kuphela umphakeli Russian amasevisi ezokuxhumana, alisebenzisa fibre optic ubuchwepheshe ngombono. Ngezenzo uxhuma amakhasimende ayo kwi-Inthanethi esekelwe GPON "Rostelecom", ama-ISP eziningi lesifunda.

GPON nezokuxhumana Russian emakethe

Cabangela lokho izici marketing ukuqaliswa GPON eRussia. Njengoba sibonile ngenhla, omunye abahlinzeki okuholela Russian Federation, ukuhlinzeka i-Internet kungaba kubhekwe YaseMoscow idolobha sezingcingo. MGTS GPON (impendulo kulesi inkonzo sibaningi atholakala kumaphothali thematic) - isevisi lapho Muscovites lungatholakala ku-intanethi ngesivinini 300-500 Mbit / s. kungenzeka Technical ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha uye wenza okungaphezu 3 ababhalisile abayisigidi yenhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukufunwa isevisi isekelwa hhayi kuphela isidingo ngesivinini njengoba enjalo, njengoba kwaphawula u-ezinye izazi, njengoba yokuthi abasebenzisi zijwayele kusukela Russian Federation ukuyisebenzisa ukufinyelela i-Inthanethi, kumadivaysi amaningana - PC yakho, ithebhulethi, smartphone. Isidingo okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi internet TV. Ngakho-ke sekukonke eMoscow abasebenzisi isivinini ehloniphekile badinga ukufinyelela izinsiza isiteshi ngamunye amadivayisi ulahlekile esetshenziswa.

Amapulani wokuvelela

MGTS, MTS osizayo isakhiwo, GPON-senethiwekhi isici esiphezulu khona ezindawo inhlokodolobha imayelana phaka-2017. Kunobufakazi bokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi inkathi efanele kushintshwe - inkampani kuqede umsebenzi ngokushesha ngo-2015. Njengoba ebalwa MGTS, emkhankasweni ehambisana nokudluliswa ingqalasizinda ukufinyelela ku-intanethi ku GPON-ubuchwepheshe uzokhokha for ngokwalo eminyakeni 7.

GPON ubuchwepheshe (izibuyekezo eziningi IT-Ongoti omuhle kakhulu kulo mongo) kungaba uhlaka ngempumelelo ukuthunyelwa izindinganiso ezihlukahlukene zokuxhumana. Njengokuthi nje, isibonelo, 4G-LTE ejwayelekile in the Internet. Lapho bangadlala indima njengoba isici kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezomnotho. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ingqalasizinda GPON kusukela MGTS (ukubuyekezwa abahlaziyi abaningi emakethe siliqinisekise) uya ukusebenzisa MTS, ngenkuthalo ukwethula 4G-amazinga. Titatimende abamele brand, eyathengwa ubuthaphuthaphu zisuka nje abanye abezindaba, kukhona umqondo wokuthi MTS kuyoba opharetha ematheni inhlokodolobha, okuzokwenza ukwakha 4G-inethiwekhi kusekelwe ngokugcwele kwi Fibre Channel.

GPON ezithembisa?

Ngokusho abanye abahlaziyi, izinkampani ukuthi baqashe GPON ubuchwepheshe - "Rostelecom", MGTS kanye nabanye abahlinzeki - kakade unazo walo nhlobo umthombo ukuthi ine namanje abanye zinethuba lokuthuthuka ekuthuthukiseni kuka namazinga kakhulu zokuxhumana ukuncintisana. Lokhu kungenxa yokungabikho yokuthi ezingeni iphaliswano GPON-ingxenye namanje kancane kuka, isibonelo, phakathi abahlinzeki, kusebenzisa FTTB-mqondo.

GPON emakethe emhlabeni

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe Internet ukufinyelela GPON (imibono lochwepheshe abaningi uqinisekise lesi) eRussia Kuthi kancane evelele okwandile kuka Ngokwesibonelo, emazweni aseNtshonalanga. Nakuba eminyakeni yamuva nje abahlinzeki ezisebenza Russian Federation, njengoba abahlaziyi abaningi bakholelwa, wenza izinyathelo ezithile ezibalulekile phambili, zokunqoba igebe kungenzeka kusukela nozakwethu angaphandle ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi uhlobo namazinga DSL zisekhona phakathi kakhulu ngenkuthalo actuated emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhula global GPON-wokuxhuma eminyakeni embalwa edlule, u-20% njalo ngonyaka.

Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ngisho emazweni athuthukile kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, kungekho ukuvumelana ekutheni yiziphi ubuchwepheshe broadband ndlela iphumelela kakhulu. Emazweni amaningi e-Asia kanye ubuchwepheshe Middle East GPON isetjenziswa asebenzayo kakhulu - kwamanye amazwe kuthatha ngaphezu kwesigamu emakethe abafanele umugqa ingxenye. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani omunye wabaholi-aspect ukuqaliswa GPON-waqaphela amazinga e-Sweden. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuvumelana abanye abahlaziyi, emakethe Russian kuyinto ngempela uyakwazi ekufezeni izinkomba engaqhathaniswa abonisa izinga ukuqaliswa ubuchwepheshe obusha.