Federal Assembly. Amalungu eNhlangano KaHulumeni Omhlangano Russia. Isakhiwo Assembly Federal

I-Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation iyona izikhungo eliphakeme ummeleli we lizwe. Linikeza uwukubonakaliswa izithakazelo sabantu futhi imisebenzi ejwayelekile-ukusetha. Kumiswa Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation ngokuhambisana nomthetho osebenzayo. Isakhiwo kuhlanganisa izindikimba ezimbili, sekhono, ikakhulukazi ukudalwa nemisebenzi kulawulwa uMthetho Federal №113 futhi 175.

Lwekamelo eliphezulu lika-Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation

Kuyinto isakhiwo sangempela. Kubandakanya 2 abameleli izifunda zezwe. I Federation Council of Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation esungulwe ngokuhambisana zoMthetho Federal №113. Likhono oPhethe Federation zihlanganisa imibuzo elandelayo:

1. Ukuqokwa inhloko yezwe ukhetho futhi kuthathelwe izinyathelo zakhe.
2. Ukugunyazwa izinqumo esikhishwe uMongameli ukuphoqelela ezempi kanye isimo esiphuthumayo ezweni lilonke noma ezindaweni zako.
3. Ukuqokwa nokususwa kusukela Attorney General yakhe, Lisekela Usihlalo-Akhawunti Chamber futhi 50% bamabhuku.
4. Ukwamukelwa imingcele ephakathi izifunda.
5. Ukuqokwa wamaKhotho aPhakemeko.

I Federation Council of Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation futhi unika imvume ukuthunyelwa yezwe ilanga ngaphandle. ngaphansi komthetho kuhlanganisa ukwamukelwa noma ukwenqaba ewuhlaka.

UMbuso Duma Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation

Kumiswa It is amalungu 450. Lokhu umzimba endlini encane Assembly Federal. Ukhetho amasekela Kwenziwa iminyaka 4. Umhlangano wokuqala esiyakuqokwa ngosuku 30 emva kokhetho noma ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi esinqumweni kamongameli. Ukuvotela amasekela wenziwa ngendlela eyayifunwa uMthetho Federal №175 nezinye izenzo normative elawula ilungelo lokuvota. Ilungelo labaqeqeshi Duma State uhlanganisa imibuzo:

1. Mayelana ithemba kuhulumeni.
2. Ukuqokwa nokususwa kusukela kasihlalo wakhe we Central Bank, iChamber nokungu-50% of the izilaleli, kanye Russian Ophethe Wamalungelo Esintu.
3. Ukuletha amacala kuMongameli ukuze kususwe yakhe esandleni.
4. Ukuvunyelwa candidates for the post ka uNdunankulu, inhloko ezihlongozwayo yezwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Duma State sizoxoxa kanye nokwamukela okusalungiswa izenzo normative.

umthetho ukwenza

Federal Assembly kubhekwe umdlali ukhiye enqubeni zomthetho. State Duma ubamukela okusalungiswa izenzo normative futhi mababuye Federation emkhandlwini ukuze usivume. Ukuxazulula ukungaboni ngaso linye phakathi kwabo ukwakha ikhomishana yokubuyisana. Ezamukelwe isenzo normative kubhekwa idokhumenti evunywe Duma State kanye evunywe Federation Council. Inqubo ukwemukelwa futhi ukuvumelana soMthethosisekelo WaseRussia ichaza. I-Federal Assembly uqondisa yokutholwa futhi kuvunywe isenzo uMongameli isignesha.

Kokuphela Duma State

It wenziwa nguMongameli. Kunemininingwane ephelele yezizathu sokuchitha le Duma State kungaba:

1. Kathathu kwenqatshwa kuqokwe sokuba uNdunankulu, inhloko ezihlongozwayo yezwe.
2. Ukwenqaba uthemba umzimba ophakeme esiphezulu. Kulokhu, isinyathelo, kumelwe usuke uNdunankulu.

Akuvunyelwe nokuqedwa indlu ephansi:

1. Kuyo yonke le minyaka kusukela buqala.
2. Kusukela ngosuku ukuqokwa umongameli amacala ngaphambi kokunquma kuso NF.
3. Ngesikhathi isimo esiphuthumayo noma umthetho karate kuleli zwe.
4. Kwaphela izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuphela amandla kamongameli.

Ngemva kokuphela State Duma ikhanda yezwe uqoka usuku lokuvota. Nokho, kufanele azimisele ukuze igunya okudalwe wahlangana kungakadluli izinyanga ezine. kusukela nokonakala.

Imininingwane yokudala SF

Ukuze uthuthukise uhlelo yokuphathwa komphakathi kabusha zokuphatha kwenziwa. Ngokuhamba Kuye wenza izinguquko ezithile inqubo kumiswa ephalamende. imithetho emisha ethulwe ngokuqondene noMthetho "Ngo-Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation." Ikakhulu, i-oda kunqunywa ukudalwa Federation Council. Yayihlanganisa ikhanda kwezitho esiphezulu nemtsetfo isihloko. Nokho, ekupheleni kwawo-1990. Uhlelo kwatholakala ukuthi ayizwakali. Ngokuhambisana noMthetho yamukelwa 08.05.2000, ku-Federation Council wangena hhayi ikhanda, futhi abameleli mphathi izitho zomthetho tesifundvo. Abaholi zalezi zakhiwo zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu kusukela ngosuku ethathe izintambo, liqoke izikhulu efanele. Lesi sinqumo senziwa isinqumo (isimemezelo). Uma esiphuthumayo noma umhlangano nalehleliwe umzimba ummeleli we ivoti nantathu lonke inani amasekela oda akangeni indluzula emelana aphoyintimenti.

imininingwane ehilelekile

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inqubo ukuqokwa abameleli Federation Council yemizimba esalisekela futhi ezimbili ekamelweni omele tesifundvo lihlukile. Esimweni sokuqala kusukela ngosuku umhlangano wokuqala ezinyangeni ezintathu ukukhetha abameleli ngesiphakamiso sokuba kusihlalo. Esimeni sesibili - eliphakanyiswe kokubili emakamelweni ngokulandelana. Kuvele isiphakamiso okunye iwukwenza iqembu amasekela. Ummeleli egumbini ngalinye kuziwa kwesigamu eside wakhe. Isinqumo Yokuqashwa kwenziwa ivoti eliyimfihlo. isimo amandla negunya kungakapheli ngosuku olulandelayo ngemva ukungena force ngesinqumo wazise SF phakathi nezinsuku ezinhlanu, ukuthumela Federation oPhethe isenzo.

Ezinye izinguquko

Izinguquko ziye zathinta imithetho yokhetho lamaphini kuya Duma State. I nomhlangano wesine kwamiswa ngokuhambisana noMthetho yamukelwa 20.12.2002, ukhetho owawuse ngo-50% ngo-isihlalo esisodwa abajameli nokungu-50% ku-uhlu ngabagunyaziwe zezombusazwe. Ukhetho futhi ungagijima njengoba, i-Bloc yokhetho self-okhethwe noma njengengxenye inhlangano. Ilungelo ukuphakamisa abantu angasebenzisa kuphela labo ababambe ngilinqobile 7% isithiyo. Isinqumo ohlwini ukhetho evunywe ukumelwa by ivoti eliyimfihlo. Inombolo ephelele abantu abaphakanyisiwe sanyukela ku-party akukwazi abantu abangaphezu kuka-270.

izenzo normative FS

Amandla Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation ngokucacile kulawulwa amadokhumenti omthetho. Ngasinye ingxenye umzimba isakhiwo uhlelo ifayela ithatha izinqumo iningi. On ezinye izingqinamba, futhi ungamisa inqubo ehlukile sokuvunywa izinqumo. Ezimweni ezinjalo ebekiwe kuMthethosisekelo. Iqukethe amalungiselelo ukusungula ngokucacile uhla nezindaba ezihlobene FS ukuphathwa. Ikakhulukazi, amandla Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation elisungulwe Art. 102 futhi 103. SF, isibonelo, vuma izinqumo ngezindaba ngaphansi kwalokho enekhono lakho ngaphansi iziqondiso osebenzayo, futhi kuhlobane ngokuqondile imisebenzi layo langaphakathi. Laba kunqunywa imithetho, iziqondiso kanye noMthetho efanele. Federal Assembly uhlola nezindaba nezokusigcoba ngokuvamile ezihlobene nokuphila ezweni. Izinqumo zivame imakwe amaphutha ejensi kahulumeni ekhona, kukhona reference to the izakhiwo omele ngesidingo ukwenza imithethonqubo ezithile ezindaweni okufanele bathuthukise kuzo. Njengoba sihambisana nale ngonyaka uMongameli efunda umyalezo Assembly Federal. Sifingqa umsebenzi, kanye imisebenzi emisha asethwe. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu kumiswa ajenda PS izikhathi.

Izindawo ezivamile umsebenzi

I-Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation inezingxenye kuqhathaniswa ezimele ezimbili. Umsebenzi oyinhloko mayelana nokwamukelwa wezenzo zomthetho kwenziwe Duma State. SF Ubuye isinyathelo zomthetho. Imithetho ifakwa ukuze anakwe, ezisemthethweni futhi ngobuchule ngokolimi, esisayinwe abantu abaphethe. I-Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation ngokusebenzisa SF angenza izitatimende, izikhalazo, kuhlanganise uhulumeni kanye nomongameli. Ezithathwe ngendlela ebekiwe ukuphasiswa izinqumo. Njengomthetho, izicelo kukhona recommendatory ngokwemvelo. Ngokuphathelene Duma State, ngaleso sikhathi kungase futhi lokwamukela uhlu lwezikhalazo kanye nezitatimende. Ziyakwazi izimiso ikhishwe. Izikhalazo kanye nezitatimende asethinteke kuhluka okuqukethwe kwabo. Ezithathwe kanengi ukudlula e-Federation Council. Izimpikiswano kunazo ukuphokophela zingabantu izinkinga uhlamvu yezombangazwe wokusebenzela abantu, umnotho yangaphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izicelo ezinjalo futhi izicelo, nokunikeza nomthelela kule isakhiwo kwamandla esiphezulu, alikwazi imithetho esibophezelayo uhulumeni noma umongameli. Kule ndaba, bona, kanye isincomo Federation Council, kungase kudingeke ukubaluleka yesimilo netembusave kuphela. Kwethonya ethize imisebenzi ngqongqotshe babe izitatimende nezikhalazo we Duma State ngokuphathelene ikhambi imibuzo ngamazwe. Ayevame ucubungula angaphandle inqubo mgomo emazweni angaphandle. Ngakho, lezi izikhalazo kanye nezitatimende kungabangela ukunakwa enkulu ngokwanele ngamazwe.

isikhungo ePhalamende

Phakathi kuka-2000. Saqala ukuxoxa umbono ukuhlanganisa Federation Council kanye State Duma e isakhiwo esifanayo. Ngo-2012, kulesi siphakamiso sasekelwa Dmitry Medvedev ngaleso sikhathi owayengumongameli we lizwe. Abalobi yephrojekthi ye ekwakheni izakhiwo ezintsha bathethelele isidingo yayo emahhovisi enyinyekile ka abasephalamende, le remoteness amasevisi ekusetjentisweni ngempumelelo imisebenzi yazo, kanye isifiso ukuhambisa izinhlaka zokuphatha kwamandla kusukela ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi idolobha ukunciphisa isiminyaminya sezimoto. Njengoba ukubekwa wabheka ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Centre ePhalamende kwahlongozwa ukubeka ku Kutuzovsky Prospekt ku "Yedolobha YaseMoscow" ku Frunze Embankment e Tushino airfield, Krasnaya Presnya, ngesikhathi Sofia noma Moskvoretskaya NAB. Ngo-September 2014, Nokho, endaweni e uzamcolo ethafeni Mnevnichenskoy sikhethwe.

ukuqaliswa eyinkimbinkimbi

Amalungu Federation Council kanye State Duma ezihlongozwayo ngokuhlanganyela neHhovisi uMongameli Affairs, KaHulumeni Yezokuphepha ukuze ukhethe wokwakha esizayo ngesisekelo umncintiswano yezakhiwo. Nokho, umsebenzi okubangelwa umehluko tebuciko phakathi abasephalamende. Nquma bahluleka ngisho ngesikhathi kabusha ithenda. Inselele ethile kwakuyiyona mpikiswano ngokulungiswa kwemigwaqo imali. Ekuqaleni kwathiwa bazitshela ukuthi izindleko ukwakhiwa Centre ePhalamende ngabe zithwalwe zimali yangasese, abangena kamuva ukuthola ubunikazi kulezi zakhiwo. Esikhathini esizayo, kuvunyelwe ukwakhiwa endaweni yayo eyinkimbinkimbi ehhotela, ukuzijabulisa izindawo nokunye. Kulindeleke ukuthi umsebenzi Centre ePhalamende Ungaqala 2020. Nokho, ngokuvumelana neminye imithombo, ukwakhiwa esalibele ngenxa isimo izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho kunzima isikhathi esingaziwa .

isiphetho

I-Federal Assembly uba omele eliphakeme nomzimba zomthetho yezwe. umsebenzi wayo lomkhulu wenza imisebenzi yekubeka emazinga. I-FS kuxoxwa, kulekelelwa, ukushintshwa, evunywe imithetho ezibaluleke kakhulu ezindabeni esiphuthumayo zingaveli emikhakheni lehlukene imphilo yesive. izenzo normative usungula inqubo ukwemukelwa zoMthetho Federal. Usikisela ebambe ukufundwa ezimbalwa Duma State okusalungiswa, ingxoxo, ukwenza iziphakamiso kanye nezichibiyelo. Imfuneko idokhumenti imvume kusuka SF. Uma Federation Council ikhomba kwamaphutha, ihlanganiswe izincomo. Ngokuthatha isinyathelo kuqala kanye iphrojekthi wathumela emuva Duma State. UMbuso Duma yemukele iinkhibelelo kuphela ezathi aziwuthandi umsebenzi umthetho. Ngemva kwalokho, waphinde wathumela ku-Federation Council, bese - umongameli isignesha. Inhloko yezwe kungaba Veto Law. Likhono Assembly Federal kuhlanganisa nezinye izindaba eziphathelene nokuphila zezombusazwe kanye nezenhlalakahle yeRussia.