Emaphakathi processing unit - inhloko

Ukusebenza kwanoma iyiphi ikhompyutha inikezwa nomunye idivayisi encane (chip), okuyinto njengoba central processing unit ezaziwayo. Lokhu substrate Silicon nge imali kuso izingqimba equkethe timphawu tesakhiwo: kweyunithi logic izibalo (idatha processing) idivayisi control (ukunquma oda umyalo ukubulawa) Amarejista (yedatha ukugcina), i-cache memory yangaphakathi (ngoba kuyashesha exchange ne tekusebenta inkumbulo), ibhasi yangaphakathi (yokudlulisela ulwazi phakathi amayunithi nemisebenzi yokusetshenziswa processor), njll

CPU, noma kunalokho yayo iwashi imvamisa inquma ijubane ohlelweni lonke. Inikeza iwashi imvamisa ukuvumelanisa, isb ukungaguquguquki amabhlogo ahlukene ngaphakathi processor yesenzo nangale. izilimi Modern amakhompyutha siqu, lesi sici kuyinto gigahertz ezimbalwa (GHz), okusho ukuthi akwazi ukwenza ngezigidigidi zamaRandi imisebenzi aphansi ngomzuzwana. Futhi ukuze izici eziyisisekelo wokugaya kukhona kancane, ivolumu sangaphakathi imemori isilondolozi, inani isokhethi nuclei.

Ukuhlinzeka oyifunayo ukusebenza computer kuba okokuqala kudingekile ukukhetha CPU ngendlela efanele. Cabangela le divayisi ngokuningiliziwe. Imihlobo ehlukeneko izilimi izakhiwo yangaphakathi, isibonelo, ihlaba umkhosi elihambayo futhi superscalar izilimi. Eyokuqala ukwanda umkhiqizo ngenqubo ngokwahlukana ngokufeza imiyalo ku izigaba ehlukile, lapho wokugaya kanyekanye icubungula namathimba amaningana emazingeni ahlukahlukeneko. Lapho izigaba iphayiphi ngesikhathi ephakeme Izinga iwashi futhi, ngokufanelekile, umkhiqizo. Kodwa kuphela ngaphakathi isizathu.

Supreskalyarnye izilimi usebenzisa cores amaningi angafakwa parallelize inqubo ukuqaliswa kohlelo, kodwa kudinga isofthiwe ezokwenza uhlukanise ikhodi ukusakazwa ehlukanisiwe angasayindwa ngokulinganisa. Ukuba khona, isib, cores ezimbili ngaphakathi processor akuqinisekisi ukusebenza ukwanda kabili njengoba akuzona zonke Uhlelo uyakwazi wahlukanise ukugeleza amabili alinganayo, ingasaphathwa izindikimba ezine noma eziyisishiyagalombili.

I-CPU is ngakho okuthiwa ngoba idivayisi main Computing kule khompyutha, kodwa akuyena yedwa. Ngaphandle-ke khona nabaqondisi uhlelo amadivayisi ezahlukene kanye interface, futhi zonke izilimi yevidiyo ukucutshungulwa, alalelwayo, njll

Ekuqaleni computer wayezelwe futhi wadala sikuthola waphansi for Computing, ngakho-CPU "wemfanelo 'ngoba zonke izinqubo ohlelweni: okokufaka i-information processing (kugucuka zezibalo), ulwazi okukhiphayo. Manje abasebenzisi eseziqonda kakhudlwana nezinye izinhlobo zolwazi, ezifana umbhalo, izithombe, ividiyo, umsindo. Ngakho-ke, i-CPU kancane kancane balahlekelwa zone olunzulu ithonya elalingelamaFilisti kuphela kuye, futhi ahlanganyela namanye amadivayisi wekhompyutha.