Crane umshini isidina: incazelo, izincazelo kanye nokubuyekezwa

Akekho ukwakhiwa ayiphelele ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imishini ephambili. Lezi zihlanganisa futhi umshini imishini-crane. Isici esiphawulekayo lo mshini yokusebenza kwalo ngezindlela eziningi. Ububanzi - futhi imishini, futhi ephezulu liphumele, futhi crane. Ngakho-ke, nekusebenta kulo mshini akunakuphikwa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko amadivayisi ezinjalo. Lokhu kokuphenduka futhi okungezona kokuzenzakalelayo. Kufanele kucatshangelwe kokubili ongakhetha ngokuningiliziwe.

Non-ligijima umshini imishini

Le divayisi elandelayo imishini:

• isizinda Ezokuthutha. Lokhu kungaba iloli noma ugandaganda.
• Platform. Uhlaka okukhethekile imishini ogibele isisekelo ezokuthutha.
• Drilling Rig. Qedela nge indlela wokubacindezela ngoba sokuprakthiza.
• Crane kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. Zikhona ongakhetha lapho omunye insika kuhlanganiswe sokuprakthiza bese uyathinta.
• Outriggers, efakwe Jacks wokubacindezela.
• Ukusekela ikholomu.
• Kagesi.
• Transmission Manual.
• Hydraulics.

A indlela eziyinkimbinkimbi kuyinto samuntu idivayisi yesibili. Kuyinto ukuqhathanisa ukucubungula.

Drilling rotary kanye umshini crane

Le divayisi izindlela eziningi:

• isizinda Ezokuthutha. Njengomthetho, wasebenzisa iloli.
• I turntable unamathele base ezokuthutha chassis futhi indlela edlala ngokushintshana.
• Isiteshi ukudonsa.
• Ukusekela kwekholomu aqinise ensikeni yaso.
• ukwesekwa akude Hydraulically.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umshini isidina okunjalo lezisekelo ezimbili: ezokuthutha kanye turntable. Isizathu sesibili sihilela kokuqeda ifomu elilandelayo:

• Crane-boring umshini.
• Indophi ukwehlisa futhi ephakamisa imisebenzi.
• I-apharathasi wokubacindezela ngoba Uphakamisa uphinde wehlise insika.
• Mechanics ngoba jika.
• I gumbi, okuzokwenza sifeze umsebenzi we-opharetha ukuphathwa umshini imishini.
• Isikhombi kahle isikhungo.

amabhasi swivel sihluke samuntu umkhiqizo wokuqala anda. Lokhu kufezwa sibonga yokuthi kusukela isikhundla esisodwa yamba imithombo eminingana. Futhi-ke unekhono ngokushesha sokuprakthiza sokukhomba.

imishini ngezigaba

Njengoba sesisungule ngaphambili, kungenzeka imishini imishini self ezinezinjini ligijima futhi okungezona ligijima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unikeze inombolo ngeengaba:

• Ngokusho base yezokuthutha ukuthi: umshini futhi ugandaganda. Ngoba kuqala elinesimo isivinini kulungiselelwa ukunyakaza ephezulu yesibili - ngawo wonke amasondo.
• Ngokusho isimiso umsebenzi: yokubhola cyclical futhi okuqhubekayo.
• Shayela kusho isidina-crane indlela: mechanical, wokubacindezela, okuxubile.
• Ngokwe-indlela ngokubulawa uhlobo ukubhola kanye crane umsebenzi: yokugezela (owodwa insika), ukuhlukana (insika ehlukile futhi boom).
• Indlela okusha non-ligijima - side futhi bakhulise banikele - on turntable.

Izinhlobo ngeengaba esibalulekile. Kufanele kucatshangelwe eyisisekelo nezimfuneko zomsebenzi amadivayisi ezinjalo.

Izici Key

umshini Kuyisidina lunezimpawu ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo Ukucaciswa. Ngesisekelo wabo ukukhethwa kwemishini for letsite:

• imishini ukujula. Ukuze imishini non-ukujikeleza, lesi silinganiso esiphakathi amabili kuya kwamathathu amamitha. Rotary - kusuka 10 m kuya ku-15 m.
• imishini engela. Ngokuvamile kuba ku ezahlukene kusukela 62 ⁰ kuya 105 ^0.
• Ububanzi imithombo. Ukuze esemkhathini value standard itholakala basukela 360 mm kuya ku-600 mm. Rotary - kuze kufinyelele 630 mm.
• Inkokhelo - in the uhla kusuka 1.25 kuya ku-3 wamathani.
• Umkhawulo ubude wezimpahla ephakamisa - kufika ku-12 metres.

Kuye okusetshenzelwa ukukhetha umshini isidina ofanele kakhulu. Ngaphansi kubalulekile ukukhetha isizinda ezokuthutha. Ngo izimo nge inhlabathi kuvele inhlekelele bavame abakhethiwe inketho ngesisekelo ugandaganda. Ukuze ezindaweni zasemadolobheni - ngesisekelo imoto.

Umgomo we operation idivayisi imishini-crane

Ngokuvamile, lokhu uhlelo luhlanganisa izinkulumo ezithi ezilandelayo: insika, indlela yokunyathelisa okwesikhathi esikhiphekayo induku imishini ithuluzi hydraulics ekunikezeni ukudla ukhipha sokuprakthiza, amasilinda wokubacindezela ngoba ephakamisa ku ime mpo bese ngihlaliswa evundlile.

Lapho kokuthutha indlela imishini-crane osesimweni ovundlile, ngokugcizelela ukwesekwa post ekhethekile ogibele chassis imoto. Ngakho, lapho usebenza indlela uhlala esitebeleni ngenxa ukwelulwa izisekelo wokubacindezela.

Ukujikeleza sokuprakthiza kwenzeka ngenxa ukuguqulwa ngokusebenzisa okuqhubekayo-kwamandla rotary kusukela phansi ezokuthutha ukuba injini ukujikeleza auger indlela.

Inqubo izimbobo imishini kwenzeka kanyekanye ne ukunyakaza ukujikeleza ka sokuprakthiza futhi ekushoniseni. Ngokuvamile, le nqubo siqukethe eziningana ezifanayo imijikelezo ukukhiqizwa futhi aphansi mshini lift. Lokhu kungenxa isidingo wehlise phansi.

Crane indlela is eliqhutshwa indophi. umsebenzi Aerial inikeza esinye imbeleko ngoba ephakamisa izisebenzi.

Izinhlobo sokuzivivinya kanye nomsebenzi amasu

Kunezinhlobo eziningana esikhundleni izingxenye:

• Lobed. Ingabe amadivayisi nge izindwani ezimbili bifilar unikezwe exchangeable ahlabayo emaphethelweni. Okunye okufakiwe borer kanye dampers. Borer usetha imishini isiqondiso futhi azigcina-eksisi yayo ehlobene inqubo. Umsebenzi valve - hhayi ukuba baphaphame phansi ngenkathi kususwa sokuprakthiza emgodini.
• Intulo. On uzimele unamathele tape Kuvunguza ukondla umhlabathi. Ekupheleni kuka-ke unamathele bezihlahla sokuprakthiza kancane bese borer. Lapho imishini imithombo primer enikeziwe in a Kuvunguza.
• Ring. Kulesi apharathasi, kwakhiwa izindlu is njengoba ipayipi, okuyinto zitholakala kanye ubude ikhaba isikulufa. Ezansi nemihlathi fixed emaphethelweni ukusika futhi deflector ipuleti. Inqubo imishini kungenxa ukubhujiswa inhlabathi kanye kumiswa Slots radiused. phansi ephakeme ngokusebenzisa wayibhinca diverging alahlwa ngaphandle odongeni umqhewu futhi wakhonza izindwani phezulu.

Drilling Imibhobho esemzimbeni akhethiwe kanye elibekwe kuye kwenhlabathi kanye okudingekayo emsebenzini ukusebenza ngobuchwepheshe.

kudivayisi izinzuzo Main

Crane-boring umshini (yakuphika) sisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa zako obungenakuphikwa:

• Mobility. Masinyane lo dade wavula ihamba esakhiweni. Uma atholwe ngokushintshanisa imodeli, kubuye kube nokwenzeka Drilling imithombo multiple komunye kokusebenza endaweni ngezithukuthuku le turntable.
• Kunezinhlobo ezintathu imishini emsamo efanayo. Boer, crane ngoba ephakamisa wezimpahla enikeziwe imishini imbeleko, nekhono emsebenzini eziphakeme. Kunciphisa isikhathi adingekayo ukufakwa futhi ukufakwa ucezu ahlukene kwemishini.
• Izindleko - ngokunciphisa izindleko ukuthengwa amayunithi ezintathu ezihlukene noma asebenzise imishini ethize. Kungezwe lena ukonga izindleko by ukunciphisa isibalo zezikhonzi. imishini Office kanye nomsebenzi abashayeli. Yebo, izisebenzi ezinjalo kufanele abaqeqeshiwe futhi ube kwezimvume ezifanele.

Njengoba singabona, ngoba ezihlukahlukene izicelo lezi zinzuzo yilezo ezithatha isinqumo ngokuphathelene yokufuna izinhlobo ezifana imishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini ingafakwa amaloli yasekhaya futhi amazwe.

Fields of kwesicelo

Ngokuvamile, le mishini ekhethekile esetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha.

Ingasetshenziselwa ukwakha amabhuloho, uthango imithombo. Ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa isisekelo kudivayisi.

Ngaphezu ubunjiniyela, ukubhola kanye umshini crane self ezinezinjini okudume kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ngabanye. Kungani? Nalapha futhi, sibonga wonke jikelele koHlelo imishini futhi, ngenxa yalokho, emnothweni. Qasha le imishini ekhethekile ushibhile kuno ukuqasha izinhlobo ezimbili noma ezintathu imishini ngabanye.

Futhi, lolu hlobo noma asebenzise imishini ethize kuyaziwa ilungiselelo zikagesi futhi ugesi. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwalo ngezindlela eziningi futhi ukuhamba imishini ucingo ngale ndlela kwandisa ijubane ukufakwa isigxobo izingongolo izikhathi eziningana.

Esinye isiqondiso - ukwakhiwa nokulungisa igceke lomuzi. Le Umdwebo umsebenzi at eziphakeme, ukutshala izihlahla kanye nezihlahla, kanye nokusoka yabo. Ukuze ukutshala lezi zinhlobo amadivayisi ziye zasetshenziswa namahlathi. Kuphela uma amamodeli esetshenziswa ukuthutha base ngesimo ugandaganda. Kuyinto ephathekayo kancane, kepha isimo sezwe.

Izibuyekezo

Sokuzivivinya imithombo, ukubuyekezwa, usesikhundleni okuholela uma ziqhathaniswa izinhlobo ezifanayo imishini. Njengoba Bathi abathengi abaningi, ukusetshenziswa imishini enjalo ezikhethekile kwandisa ijubane ukwakhiwa inqwaba-imishini isisekelo izikhathi eziningana. Futhi, le ndlela kukho uye wasebenza kahle sokumisa ezicijile lapho kungekho imithombo yokufaka zezinsika ezibalulekile. Inani izibuyekezo ukhuluma ngani abalulekile izindleko imali ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukwenza ezimbili izinhlobo imisebenzi: ukubhola kanye ukufakwa kwezinsika.

izinhlangano Professional ikuphawulile lula, ukusebenza kahle kanye ukuhlobana lolu hlobo imishini.

Ngakho, lapho sathola khona ukuthi umshini isidina (BKM). Njengoba singabona kusukela incazelo kanye nokubuyekeza, izici eziningana ezinjengolwazi zihlale funa. Labo izinhlangano ukuthi ukwazi ukuthi ukubala imali yabo, nakanjani, makudle lolu hlobo noma asebenzise imishini ethize.