Catalyst: kuyini? Kungani sidinga kulethe ku imoto?

Kukhona eyodwa ingxenye izimoto zanamuhla, lapho iminyaka eminingi kuyimbangela evuthayo kakhulu izimpi abashayeli. Kodwa kulezi izingxabano okunzima ukuyiqonda agumenti yohlangothi ngalunye. Omunye abashayeli "ngoba" futhi omunye "ngokumelene". Le mininingwane - Converter okhanda amanye amathuba. Kungani sidinga kulethe ukuthi kubalulekile, senza ekuklanyweni imoto, kungani phikisana ngakho kuze kube phakade? Ake sizame ukuthola it out.

Converter okhanda amanye amathuba

Le ngxenye libhekene design elula, kodwa indima idlala emotweni, enkulu kakhulu futhi sina. Ukusebenza kwanoma iyiphi yangaphakathi omlilo injini ephelezelwa ekushayweni sebuningini izinto ezahlukene kakhulu futhi eziyingozi kakhulu (zonke lezi izinto futhi isisi esinobuthi nge endleleni ekhishwa imoto ayatholakala ngqo emkhathini). Converter ungakwazi kakhulu ukunciphisa ubuthi emkhathini, kanjalo isimo kwemvelo.

Ngakho, esebenzisa ekhethekile zamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi ezinobuthi, akuyona ithonya ohamba phambili ku emkhathini, aguqulwa ku amagesi kancane anobuthi okuyizinto ke okukhipha ngokusebenzisa ipayipi qeda.

Ngaphezu kwalokho qeda kulethe uhlelo futhi iqashe -mpilo izinzwa. Bona ukulawula izinga ingxube ezivuthayo futhi ukusebenza Converter okhanda amanye amathuba. Thola lo mkhiqizo kungaba esiqeshini qeda phakathi okokunciphisa umsindo futhi injini. I-apharathasi kuphinde ivikelwe isikrini insimbi, ngoba uma idivayisi ukufuthelana. Bheka, kubukeka sengathi kulethe - isithombe kuye kuthathwe ngezansi.

Umlando sokudalwa

Eminyakeni 60 kuhulumeni wonke amazwe athuthukile zomhlaba banake ezingeni kwemvelo, futhi akakhonzwa inani kwekhabhoni kusukela amapayipi qeda izimoto eziningi. Futhi kufanele kusho ukuthi umthetho lapho amazinga ekushayweni ayikwazi kushintshwe.

Ngo-1970, amazinga okuqala kakhulu aye amukelwa, okuyinto walethwa ukunakwa ukuphathwa imoto ukukhathazeka. Lezi zindinganiso banikezwe uhlu ngemihlahlandlela okuqukethwe kanye nobungako enobuthi qeda amagesi ikakhulukazi izinto eziyingozi.

Le ndinganiso is waphawula ukuthi izimoto ezintsha iyadingeka ukusebenzisa kulethe wokuthi leli thuluzi kuzonciphisa kakhulu inani carbon monoxide kanye nemikhiqizo hydrocarbon amandla omlilo.

Kusukela ngo-1975, ekwandeni waqala ukuhlomisa zonke izimoto ezikhiqizwa. Le nto saziso.

Idivayisi futhi Umgomo we operation

Ngokuvamile kule divayisi isethwe emva ipayipi okukhipha yenjini noma kungase ukukhwezwa ngqo flange of the ezininginingi qeda.

Iinsetjenziswa siqukethe yenethiwekhi uphiko oluyisipesheli, zezindlu zensimbi izinto nangokuvikela.

Inkampani yenethiwekhi siqukethe sebuningini amaseli, efana lezinyosi. Yena wenza kudivayisi cishe wonke umsebenzi. La mangqamuzana ube ekhethekile enamathela - ukusebenza kwengoma. Ngokuthakazelisayo, imininingwane kahle ukufunda umsebenzi ngokushesha, kodwa kuphela emva lokushisa ohlelweni qeda antante 200-300 degrees.

Neutralizer afterburning carbon monoxide eziqukethwe imikhiqizo amandla omlilo kanye hydrocarbon. Kukhona futhi nezinye izinto iwukudambisa kulethe. Ziyini lezi izinto? Lokhu Nox. Le gas kakhulu ezinobuthi futhi elimazayo. Ubhubhisa lesi womuntu ulwelwesi lwamafinyila.

Cell-converters imbozwe ifilimu mncane kakhulu ngesisekelo eyingqayizivele-platinum-Iridium ingxubevange. Labo izinsalela of ezinobuthi ukuthi awuzange kushiswe injini, lapho uthinta indawo ashisayo, amaseli encane kweso zishe. Ukuze le nqubo, ekwandeni kuthatha-mpilo ezisalayo lapho uhlala kuyinto anobuthi kakade qeda amagesi. Ngenxa yalokhu ingxenye ipayipi qeda akhiwe hhayi ezinobuthi.

izinhlobo

Catalyst cartridges zingenziwa izinto Ceramic noma metal. Phakathi abashayeli kuvamile begodu ethandwa kuba zobumba. Ziyakwazi kahle ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphakeme, futhi engabathinti ukugqwala. Phakathi izinzuzo - intengo low kulethe enjalo (ikhemikhali, efana zobumba, has a ongaphakeme ukukhiqizwa izindleko, ukwazi Ochwepheshe).

It has kulethe Ceramic kanye nebubi. Lena fragility yayo. Imininingwane ngokuphelele ukumelana izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba umonakalo mechanical, kanye idivayisi itholakala ngaphansi phansi umshini, kunethuba elihle iyunithi lomhlangano enomphetho, itshe, noma yini. Khona-ke le nto uzochitheka. Analogs we metal Sinemandla, kodwa ngentengo yabo kakhulu ngenxa ingxubevange ye-platinum. Ngokwesibonelo, Vaz kulethe uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka akuyona ilungiswa, entsha, abaningi ungathengi ngoba zibiza.

Catalysts ku lemikhiqizo letehlukene izimoto

Izimoto, kuye ngokuthi umakhi wakho ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Kuyefana nasendleleni le converters. Futhi zihluke imodeli kukhombisa. Sizobheka ethandwa kakhulu Uphawu lezimoto.

umkhonyovu

I kulethe phezu isitsha sezimbali alihlukile. Basuke bonke eyinsimbi ababevame ukwehluleka ngenxa yokulimala ehlukahlukene. Thola idivayisi emotweni kungaba ngaphansi phansi, esifundeni ipayipi qeda yenjini. Ngokuvamile uma ukulungisa akunakwenzeka kulethe behluleka.

"Ford"

Ngokungafani automakers yasekhaya, inkampani "Ford" anakekela abashayeli. Ngakho, i-apharathasi ngoba zokuyithena isisi esinobuthi e imishini lokhu uphawu senziwa ngesisekelo izitsha zobumba.

Wokulawula umoyampilo odlulayo qualitative chemical yokusabela kuyisu elisetshenziswa uphenyo lambda okuyinto kuhlanganiswe ku computer.

Ngakho, Catalyst "Focus" kuyinto kulethe olulodwa futhi izinzwa ezimbili ngalendoda. Nge izinjini ezinamandla egijima ngalendoda emibili 4 izinzwa. I last kungatholakala ngaphambi nangemva iyunithi. Converter ingaqashelwa ne-dashboard.

Idivayisi yakhelwe ayizinkulungwane 120. Km. Uma usebenzisa i-yekhwalithi ephansi motor fuel, le ngxenye kungalimala ngokushesha. Ngezinye ukwehluleka kulethe walungisa "Ford" akunakwenzeka. Kulokhu, esikhundleni kuphela.

Hlola ukusebenza kungenziwa kalula, futhi baqonde ukuthi idinga ukushintshwa, futhi kulula. Nge ekwandeni inoperative amandla izici uwela kakhulu. Ukuze uhlole idivayisi, enze izilinganiso izidakamizwa eziyingozi e-qeda izimoto. Uma okokuhlunga avimbekile ke ezingeni ubuthi eziyingozi bayobe bengekho ukuziphilisa.

Godu hlola ukuseviswa unga ngokususa inzwa aboshelwe Converter okhanda amanye amathuba.

Khona-ke, usebenzisa adaptha ekhethekile kuyadingeka ukuxhuma ingcindezi gauge futhi ukwenza ingcindezi izilinganiso at ezahlukene injini imithwalo. Ngisho noma idivayisi ahlahlele, ekwandeni Akunakwenzeka ukulungisa.

Uma kulethe avimbekile "Ford", kulesi simo, ukhiphe idivayisi ubudala, bese usetha esisha nge enanini endaweni yayo. It ingasethwa esikhundleni sohlelo arrester kulethe noma Converter jikelele.

"Toyotovskie" kulethe

"Toyota" ngalolu daba futhi akahlukile esiphawulekayo. Lawa amaseli okufanayo zegolide noma-platinum-Iridium ingxubevange. Kulesi brand izimoto ezintsha ezifana amadivaysi ezintathu - basuke axhumene e chungechunge. Ngamunye wabo senzelwe wokuhlanza yamagesi kusukela uhlobo eyodwa eqondile ukungcola.

operation kahle kulethe

Ukuze idivayisi eside ngangokunokwenzeka isimo eziyigugu emvelweni, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa kahle. Ngakho, izincomo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu, okuzokwenza bandise nokuphila imishini, - uphethiloli izinga kusuka brand owaziwa futhi ethandwa. Kubi izinga uphethiloli ingaqukatha izinto kukhona enamandla okubhubhisa amakhulu sishaye ngaphandle nobunzima. Ithonya Ikakhulukazi abangakalungi kulethe ( "Kalina" iyathinteka), metal ezifana tetrosvinets. Le into sekuyisikhathi eside uvinjelwe emazweni amaningi athuthukile.

Kuyadingeka ukukhumbula ukuthi Converter usebenza ngaphansi kwethonya okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, ngakho musa park imoto lapho izinto inflammable amanga emhlabeni, amahlamvu, iphepha, noma enye into.

Umshayeli, uma uthanda, londoloza kulethe akumelwe ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuziqalela uma umshini kungaqali.

Kungcono ukuthatha ikhefu. Futhi, ningawenzi ukushintshanisa crankshaft, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele ipulaki inhlansi. Kumele futhi ukuthi kuqale kuze injini ngosizo tugboats.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi wasihlephula

Uma, ukwenza isibonelo, imoto kulethe ( "Chevrolet Aveo" phakathi kwabo), futhi kumelwe baqonde okusebenza noma cha, ngoba lokhu kukhona izindlela ezimbalwa.

Lapho umshini ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile, bese ngasiphi isibani modi iphaneli sensimbi, ngenkinga kulethe, hhayi sokukhanya.

Uma into-semi abasebenzi isimo, khona-ke ukuntula amandla injini at revs okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ekuseni imoto sibi ukuqala. Futhi umshini ilahlekelwa isivinini kanye petrol inyuka. Konke lokhu kuwuphawu lokuthi into idinga ukushintshwa.

Ukulungisa izandla zabo

Ngezinye iziteshi eziningi abashayeli bathi ukulungisa lezi amadivaysi akunakwenzeka. Eqinisweni, lokhu kusho ukuthi. Nokho, uma le nto ivimbekile, ungazama ugeze khona. Uma converters eziningana emshinini, bese kuqala ekhishiwe kanye yesibili wageza. Ungabona kulethe ezinjalo - isithombe sakhe ngezansi. Nisela ukuncoma ingxube ukuze bahlanze carburetors. Uma umphumela eliveziwe namafutha amaningi kakhulu, kufanele cwilisa into obubodwa ebhakedeni diesel.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, idivayisi bangahlangana futhi ujabulele imiphumela. Nokho, ukuqedela umsebenzi namanje Kuyanconywa ukuthi ukuthenga idivayisi entsha. Kukhona imodeli jikelele efanelekayo izimoto eziningi.