Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor: mshini wezenzo iso lehla glaucoma

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor isisu, ezingalotshwanga esetshenziswa njengoba isisu noma mochegonki. Okubonisa lezi izidakamizwa glaucoma. Ake sihlole kabanzi ezidume kakhulu.

Acetazolamide (Acetazolamide)

It has izakhiwo isisu. Kumisa anhydrase carbonic kwezinso tubules proximal kunciphisa reabsorption K, Na namanzi (diuresis kubangela ukwanda), kuholela ukwehla BCC futhi lactic umzimba. anhydrase Carbonic depresses umzimba ciliary futhi kuholela ukwehlisa ingcindezi intraocular, futhi kunciphisa uketshezi of amahlaya aqueous ebuchosheni kubangela umsebenzi antiepileptic. It has ukumuncwa okuhle kusukela ipheshana emathunjini, Cmax egazini ngamahora amabili. Effect kungathatha amahora angu-12. 40-60% kwehlisa IOP futhi kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa koketshezi intraocular.

Izinkomba & Isikali

I izinkomba esemqoka: nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ocular, ukufiphala kwamehlo. Ngo-glaucoma, ngaphakathi ukusithatha 0.125-0.25 g izikhathi 1-3 ngosuku, nsuku zonke izinsuku 5, ngemva kwalokho kudingeka ikhefu izinsuku ezimbili.

Imiphumela engemihle: isicanucanu, ukungakuthandi ukudla, isifo sohudo, komzimba, umuzwa kahle touch, paraesthesia, tinnitus, ukozela. Konke lokhu babekwazi kubangele carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Amalungiselelo nazo Izimo. Lokhu ukuzwela ngokweqile (ukuze sulfonamides kuhlanganise), isifo Addison sika, ukuluthwa lactic, acute isifo sesibindi nesifo sezinso, ukukhulelwa, ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela, uremia.

Imikhawulo yokusebenzisa: embolism yamaphaphu, emphysema yamaphaphu (mhlawumbe okwandisa lactic).

Umuthi: Tablets akhiqizwa Poland Polpharma "Diakarb" ukuze 0.5 g

Dorzolamide (dorzolamide)

Kuvimbela anhydrase carbonic isoenzyme II Umsebenzi (Iqalisa esethola hydration yokusabela-carbon dioxide futhi carbonic acid amanzi emzimbeni) iso ciliary umzimba. Uketshezi umswakama intraocular yehliswe ngama-50%, kubambezela kumiswa ion Bicarbonate, futhi kancane kunciphisa ezokuthutha yamanzi kanye sodium. Encishisiwe nge 38% of ukukhiqizwa koketshezi intraocular ukuthi akuphazamisi outflow. It lingena singene inhlamvu yeso ogxile ngokusebenzisa esitho, i-cornea noma sclera. Kancane angena letindzala embhedeni semithambo we Eye mucosal (kungase kwenzeke isisu kanye nezinye imiphumela sulfonamides ejwayelekile). Ngemva ketshezi eseke wangena negazi, ngokushesha lingena singene namangqamuzana abomvu egazi, aqukethe esiningi anhydrase carbonic II. Dorzolamide 33% eboshiwe plasma amaprotheni. Umkhawulo umphumela hypotensive ububonisa ngemva instillation ngokusebenzisa ihora 2 awagcine amahora 12. Lapho sigcwalisa izikhathi 2 at 9-21% ngelanga incipha intraocular ingcindezi lapho safaka njengoba izikhathi 3 ngosuku - ukuze 14-24%. Ukuncishiswa ingcindezi intraocular ngokusebenzisa isixazululo 2% angenza esiphezulu 4,5-6,1 mm HG. Isixazululo 3% kungaba akuphumeleli kangako ngoba ngokushesha kuyoba wageza aphume umgodi conjunctival njengoba kubangela Ukubhidliza eqinile. Ngokuhlanganyela timolol aphoyintimenti kuyalithinta ezengeziwe evelele-13 kuya ku-21%. umphumela Minimal ku igazi wegazi nokushaya kwenhliziyo kuyehla babe carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Isisu leli qembu alisetshenziswa ngenhloso eyakhelwe lona. On lokhu kamuva.

Izinkomba & Isikali

Izimpawu: zamabanga aphansi naphezulu evulekile-engela glaucoma, umfutho ophakeme wegazi ocular. Umuthi kuboniswa 1 iconsi 2-3 izikhathi ngosuku.

Imiphumela engemihle: paresthesia, ukuncipha emzibeni, ukucindezeleka, ukuqubuka, aplasticheskayaanemiya, agranulocytosis, ukukhathala, ukuphathwa ikhanda, ezinobuthi epidermal necrolysis, ukunambitheka ababayo emlonyeni, isicanucanu, ukwanda ukushuba we-cornea, iridocyclitis, blepharitis, keratitis, conjunctivitis, photophobia, angaboni kahle, Ukulunywa nokunsonsotha ukuzwa emehlweni, ukungakhululeki, Stevens - Johnson syndrome, evutha, amehlo zamanzi.

I carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (iso amaconsi) unomthwalo Izimo ezilandelayo: ukuzwela ngokweqile (ukuze sulfonamides kuhlanganise), ebuntwaneni, acute isifo sesibindi nesifo sezinso bekhulelwe nangenkathi bencelisa.

Ukulungiselela: eyedrops "Trusopt" equkethe 1 ml 20 mg dorzolamide hydrochloride isixazululo. izitsha eziyisikhombisa - 5 ml. It ikhiqizwa eNetherlands ngo Merck Sharp & Dohme.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor: Brinzolamide (brinzolamide)

blocker innovative anhydrase carbonic kokuba ikhono lapho isicelo ihlelwe ngokulandelana kwezihloko Ukwehla abalulekile nokulawula IOP. Brinzolamide possesses selectivity ephezulu anhydrase carbonic II, futhi izakhiwo ezifanele kakhulu ngokomzimba ukuze akwazi ukufohla ngempumelelo ku iso. Uma iqhathaniswa nezinhloko-dorzolamide futhi atsetozolamidom lwathola ukuthi brinzolamide - lo anamandla kakhulu izidakamizwa iqembu carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ekuphathweni nezokusigcoba noma emthanjeni of brinzolamide kuholela okusho ukuthuthuka kudiski optic. Futhi kunciphisa nge-avareji ka-20% IOP. Akusebenzi wonke carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Lo mshini wezenzo ezihlukile kusukela brinzolamide.

Izinkomba kanye umthamo

Izimpawu: nomfutho wegazi ophezulu ocular, evulekile-engela glaucoma. Sebenzisa izikhathi 2 ngosuku iconsi.

Imiphumela engemihle: ukunambitheka ukuphendukezela, nomzimba angaphandle ukuzwa, angaboni kahle lapho instillation (isikhathi) kanye umuzwa esivuthayo. Kudluliselwe endaweni ungcono dorzolamide.

Izimo: ukuzwela ngokweqile emuthini (ukuze sulfonamides kuhlanganise), izingane ubudala, bekhulelwe nangenkathi bencelisa.

Ukulungiselela: eyedrops "Azopt" equkethe 1 ml ekumisweni 10 mg brinzolamide. Umthamo izitsha eziyisikhombisa 5 ml. Ikhishwa e-USA ngo Alcon.

Yini enye carbonic anhydrase inhibitor?

prostaglandin nemikhiqizo

Latanoprost (latanoprost) - yokwamukela prostaglandin abakhethayo agonist. Kwandisa outflow uketshezi intraocular ngokusebenzisa uvea, okuholela ukwehlisa ingcindezi intraocular. Umthelela lapho kuvezwa amahlaya aqueous ngeke kusize. Ingabe ushintshe usayizi umfundi, kodwa kancane kuphela. Lapho sigcwalisa Bufinyelela ngesimo isopropyl ether ngokusebenzisa i-cornea kanye khona hydrolyzed ukuze isimo eziphila abakhuthele acid, okungase kuchaziwe 4 amahora kuqala uketshezi intraocular futhi plasma e kwehora lokuqala. 0,16l / kg - ivolumu yokusabalalisa. amahora amabili ngemuva kwalokho kuzuza okuhlushwa eliphakeme kunawo wonke amahlaya aqueous, ngemva kwalokho-ke isakazwa ekuqaleni phambi ingxenye, isb Isivalo kanye conjunctiva, bese engena ingxenye posterior (ngesilinganiso esincane). Ifomu asebenzayo emisipheni ilihlo cishe hhayi akheka, ikakhulukazi biotransformation isibindi. Advantageously, metabolites kuthiwa excreted ku umchamo. Ake sibheke ezinye carbonic anhydrase inhibitor.

Unoprostone (unoprostone)

unoprostone isopropyl kuyinto esuselwe a docosanoid ngokushesha ekunciphiseni ingcindezi intraocular (IOP) usebenzisa indlela yakamuva yokwelapha. Ngaphandle kokushintsha ukukhiqizwa isikhathi uketshezi intraocular, kusiza outflow yayo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nabangu-0.5% timolol maleate, unoprostone isopropyl has umsebenzi ofanayo noma kangcono ngisho ukunciphisa IOP. Umuthi akuphazamisi yokuhlala futhi akabubangeli nokwehlisa ukugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni ocular, miosis noma mydriasis; corneal ukuvuselelwa ukubambezeleka futhi ayitholiwe. Ngemva nezokusigcoba ingashintshiwe unoprostone isotropy awuzange ezitholakele plasma.

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor ngenxa glaucoma kufanele libekwe kuphela udokotela, zokuzelapha akuvunyelwe.