Bylichki - uhlobo ubuqiniso lwewashi

Bylichki - a uhlobo temdzabu ngomlomo. Kuyinto yayincane, kodwa indaba ngokomzwelo kakhulu umhlangano okwenzeka ngqo nabakhileyo eHayidese noma bazizwa yobukhona babo ongabonakali, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinsimbi ukuchayeka womuntu. Isici esiyinhloko lolu hlobo kubhekwa ubufakazi noma isiqinisekiso inkolelo.

Provenance

Eastern lwamaSlav babekholelwa ukuthi onkulunkulu bamaqaba ayeyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwabo kwansuku zonke futhi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Emkhakheni futhi ekhaya, emfuleni emahlathini, in the okugeza, esibayeni bamphelezela nokuphila kwabantu. Kwakumelwe naye kusukela ekuzalweni kuze singcwatshwe wabe ukumhlangabeza kwelizayo, nempilo emva kokufa. Zonke abameleli ezingenakubalwa of amabutho ezimbi: brownies futhi Bannikov, nemikhovu namanzi, ukwethuka futhi mermaid - bebelokhu iyingxenye ebalulekile ezimpilweni zabantu kanye isiko yendabuko Russia abangamaqaba, ngakho lezi zithombe sishukumiseleka ukuba temdzabu isiRashiya, kuhlanganise izindaba kweqiniso nama-legends. Eqakathekileko ekuthuthukiseni uhlobo kwaba yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi nemvelo, eyayintula ukubaluleka emikhulu ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano isiko, nomphakathi kanye isimiso sezombangazwe yeRussia. abameleli Habitat we demonology aphansi emahlathini, amanzi, ixhaphozi, amathuna, ensimini, isigayo, indlu, igumbi, kanye nesikhathi umsebenzi kunyuke - isikhathi ebusuku (kuhlwa, ebusuku). Lena ejwayelekile isikhathi isikhala izindaba kweqiniso kakhulu.

ukuthuthukiswa uhlobo

Bylichki futhi byvalschiny babe izinjongo ukunakwa ososayensi ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. lenqwaba imibhalo zilotshwé phakathi nalesi sikhathi, okuyinto asishicilelwa emaqoqweni ehlukene, kanye imibhalo inganekwane, epics, njll Ngalesi sikhathi, kwakukhona ukuthambekela ukuqamba izindaba kweqiniso "byvalschinkoy", "byvalschiny". folklorists Abaningi baqala ukuba asebenzise leli lapho bekhuluma welithi "Legend", "isiko", "byvalschiny". Kodwa izindaba kweqiniso - kuyinto isiqondiso sokuqala futhi eyingqayizivele temdzabu, okuyinto ngenxa imininingwane uhlobo (ukusetshenziswa Motifs bendabuko, izinhlamvu elihlobene ne kwemvelo nangokuthembela isipiliyoni siqu indaba) ihamba eduze byvalschiny, yezinganekwane nama-legends.

ngokucacile

Bylichki has umehluko omkhulu kusukela tinganekwane ukuthambekela jikelele nge byvalschiny ngoba awuzizwa emasikweni, futhi utshela indaba kwesikhathi yesimanje yokuphila okuye kwenzeka noma ngokuqondile yemlandzi noma izihlobo zakhe, nengangibajwayele noma babangani (okuyinto ephawulwe okuningi ngokuvamile) . Ngakho, uphawu uhlobo kufanele ucabangele ukufaka izinhlelo ngokoqobo echazwe ngalesi sigameko. Ngokuvamile, indaba echaza izenzakalo ngokuphindaphindiwe okuvela ukuthi cishe kungenzeka nge isilaleli. Izindaba zokuphila - lena akuyona incazelo ezinye ngokoqobo, kodwa kunalokho isexwayiso noma indaba nje engenzi lutho ngalesi sigameko of ukungqubuzana yokuqonda izinto ezingaphezu kwemvelo.

isisekelo

Ngesisekelo izindaba kweqiniso zingabekwa yenzeke ngempela amacala uhunyushwe ekukhanyeni izinkolelo linqoba nokumela basezinganekwaneni. Lezi kufanele kubandakanye izindaba ukuthi omama okwesabisa ngamabomu izingane - imimoya emibi, bathumbe izingane, izipoki, Ogres, njll Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, izindaba kweqiniso - kunalokho, kuba indaba yokwesaba okukhulu.

Ukwahlukanisa futhi umsebenzi

Bylichki ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka okuqukethwe kwabo. Izigaba abelwe nabalingiswa abasemqoka - izinhlamvu basezinganekwaneni. Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi etha izindaba kweqiniso:

• imimoya bemvelo: iLeshemu, abasebenzi emkhakheni, Lady Emini, amanzi, mermaids;
• mayelana imimoya yasekhaya: izindlu ovinnik, Bannikov, emabhontjisi;
• inyoka, uSathane noma abantu abalahliwe.

Kwethulwa yamademoni izilwane zasezinsumansumaneni alethwe kobuso ukwesaba ezifihliwe nezifiso ongelutho, nge ukuvela kwabo umbono wezwe mythologized futhi umuntu ngokwakhe.

Ngisho izindaba kweqiniso inganekwane ngokuthi oyisemkhulu. Sam EM Meletinsky wababiza ngokuthi "nguyise wabo inganekwane." Ngezinye izikhathi, ezinye izikhonzi uhlobo zithathwa ngokuthi isisekelo wobuciko: isibonelo singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela "Wii" NV Gogol. Noma isiko ezingaqondakali kufakwe nokwakheka kolimi lombhalo, njengoba kwenza SI Turgenev indaba "Bezhin edlelweni." Izindaba zokuphila, njenganoma iyiphi temdzabu, sihlanganise yobuKristu futhi wangaphambi kwezikhathi zobuKristu. lwemibono Lobuqaba abakholelwa ezeni lwamaSlav lasendulo abonisa izinhlamvu futhi izenzo zabo, nezigqizo uhlelo esetshenziswa ezimweni eziningi zobuKristu. Ukholo, esiphambanweni, uphawu lwesiphambano, umthandazo, iziwasho, ikhandlela isonto, insimbi ukukhala - konke lokhu, e inkolelo yokhokho, axoshe imimoya emibi.