Brick udonga: wokwakha ukujiya

Brick njengendlela yokwakha eyaziwa isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngako zingatholakala eBhayibhelini, e izindaba izikhathi ngemva kukaZamcolo Omkhulu.

Ukwakhiwa izindlu isitini lusekelwe ngokujulile umlando, kunoma yiliphi izwe, kunezindlela eziningi izakhiwo ezinjalo ukujola emuva emashumini eminyaka. Kukhona indlu isikhathi eside, ezakhiwe 150 noma 200 edlule. Brick uhlale efanele kakhulu futhi ethandwa yokwakha emhlabeni.

Kuyini kangaka uyakuthanda lokhu abakhi ezibonakalayo? izinzuzo ezithile ecacile yalo ungabahlukanisa.

amandla

Lesi sakhiwo esetshenziswa isitini brand -M100, M125, M150, M175. Inkomba Digital ngemva izinhlamvu kubonisa amandla futhi usikisela ukuthi lolu hlobo umelana umthwalo 100, 125, 150, 175 kg / cm ^2. Brand M100 kufanelekile ukwakhiwa kwezindlu abade nge 3 izibuya.

ukuqina

Wanameka nendlu, okuyinto has a nice isitini obukhulu izindonga ngaphandle eyakhelwe materials izinga futhi ngokuvumelana nemithetho izindlu, ongema engaphezu kweyikhulu.

imvelo abanobungane

Ukwakheka izitini kukhona izinto zemvelo okuyinto musa aqukethe ukungcola ezilimazayo - ubumba, isihlabathi, amanzi. Wabuye esiwuhogelayo, "kuheleza" futhi akusho ukubola.

Yizinhlobonhlobo, sobuhle bayo

Usayizi izitini nobuchwepheshe emakhiyubhi Ihlanganisa kwakwakhiwa kakhulu kumaphrojekthi ezakhiwo. Ngamunye isitayela isitini endlini uzolinikela okwakhe kanye ehlukile.

frost ukumelana

anolwazi ukusetshenziswa ukwakhiwa isitini nokuhlolwa zokuzamazama ezahlukene zezulu uqinisekise ukuthi le nto has a ukumelana frost, okuyinto ebekwe F25, F35, F50.

Digital Inkomba ubonisa amanani ukuqanda incibilikiswa we isitini esimweni ayegcwele amanzi, ngemva kwalokho-ke iqala izinguquko engelapheki.

ukuphepha Fire

Brick - impahla ukumelana nomlilo namazinga esihle neziqondiso umlilo, kanye ukushuba we ezindongeni zendlu isitini ngeke avumele umlilo ukusakaza kusukela ikamelo egumbini.

soundproofing

Brick sisetshenziselwa izinto ezinhle ekuvikeleni, kungcono kakhulu womtholo, kuma-panel kakhonkolo. I ukujiya odongeni endlini isitina lesi kahle bavikelwe umsindo emgwaqweni.

Okuncane odongeni ukujiya

Omunye izici eyinhloko izindlu isitini - odongeni ukujiya. Usayizi isitini ezivamile Ceramic kuyinto 250h120h65 mm. iziqondiso Isakhiwo ukuthatha ukunquma ukushuba odongeni ngumuntu multiple-12 (isigamu ubude isitini).

It kuvela ukuthi ukushuba odongeni ilingana:

• nengxenye-isitini - 120 mm;
• kwelinye isitini - 250 mm;
• nengxenye-isitini - 380 mm (10 mm ukungezwa ukushuba we inhlanganisela phakathi kwezitini);
• ngetitini letimbili - 510 mm (10 mm ngesikhathi umphetho);
• ezimbili kanye isitini isigamu - 640 mm.

Ngu ezindinganisweni ezifanayo ukwakhiwa ukuchaza ngokucacile ukushuba ubuncane odongeni lwezitini. Kufanele kube ku ezahlukene 1/20 ukuze 1/25 yokuphakama kuka phansi. Simple ukubala imibukiso, uma phansi 3 metres ubude, ukushuba odongeni kumele okungenani ibe 150 mm. Brick odongeni kabani ukujiya lingaphansi kuka-150 mm, efanelekayo elula ngodonga yangaphakathi.

eziveza engaphandle isitini izindonga

Amandla nokuqina lesi sakhiwo ukunikeza izindonga zangaphandle. Zibizwa ngokuthi abathwali ngoba bonke babehlanganyela umthwalo esebenza esakhiweni. Ziba babekezelela kweqa, ayanda izindonga, ophahleni, umthwalo tekusebenta (ifenisha, izinto, abantu) neqhwa.

I yekucala iyiphi wokwakha kukhona amakhona isakhiwo. Ngamunye wabo is beacon (ethathwe izitini engela edlelana thwi kanye eksisi isakhiwo). Corner kubekwa antante 6-8 chungechunge. I amakhona izindonga zangaphandle Kunconywa kwagcizelela ngishiswa ka ububanzi wire-6 mm. Khona-ke phakathi amabhikhoni emaphethelweni engenhla odongeni lwezitini kuyinto Twine welulela, elisho elingaphandle oluvala amasondo isakhiwo. Besuka komunye beacon kwenye bricklaying olwenziwa, ukushuba we izindonga siqukethe ingxenye engaphandle, ingaphakathi nemkhatsi, okuyinto ugcwele ukwahlukanisa noma ezinye butyat impahla. Brick Wall ubeke ngebhandeshi ngemva imigqa amathathu noma amahlanu lozhkovyh Udinga olunye bonder. Kukhona amacebo amaningi ngoba ebeka isitini. Kuye oda circuit uhlaka futhi bonder imigqa zingahluka. Kuyefana nasendleleni ezinkulu, akufanele ibekwe eyodwa ngaphezu kwamanye. Ngosizo neengcezu futhi kwezine isitini lula bayeke singatsheki isihlobo nomugqa aphansi. Ngemuva ukubeka imigqa eziningana mpo odongeni ezingeni iyenziwa ukuze ugweme Ukuhlanekezelwa izindiza ehlukahlukene, okungase konakalisa ukubukeka yobuhle isakhiwo.

I ukushuba we yenethiwekhi ngezitini odongeni akhethiwe ngesisekelo the zone zezulu, izici imvelo namakhono ayo. Kodwa kokusebenzisa izibalo akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-380 mm (bamba "e nengxenye-isitini"). Ngo ezisenyakatho ngokuvamile ukwandisa ukushuba kuze kufinyelele 510 mm, ngisho kuze kube 640 mm.

Ukuze kuncishiswe umthwalo odongeni isisekelo lula ukwakhiwa izindonga ngaphandle walala isitini. Ingabe amatshe aqinile akuyona inzuzo, kuba ezibizayo futhi kunciphisa isakhiwo ezishisayo Ukuvikelwa.

udonga ukwahlukanisa

Ngokuvamile sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ku lapho wokwakha Kwenziwa imithombo kudivayisi. Limelela kwezingange zombili ezazingasensimini bahlukana at 140-270 mm saziso Ligation uchungechunge zonke 650-1200 mm. Imithombo egcwele ukwahlukanisa phakathi wokwakha ne compaction saziso. Lokhu kungaba engasindi ukhonkolo, slag, ubumba zandiswa sawdust nokunye. Uma zisetshenziswe Ukuvikelwa ezishisayo ukwanda isakhiwo by 10-15%.

Ukwahlukanisa eziphumelela kakhulu Foam. Ukusetshenziswa Its kunciphisa odongeni ukushuba kuze kufinyelele 290 mm (120 mm + isitini Foam izitini 50 mm + 120 mm). Kodwa uma siyishiya kahle 100 mm ububanzi (I-izingqimba ezimbili Foam embondelene ne ezivuzayo agqagqene), ezishisayo conductivity okulingana enjalo udonga okuqhubekayo ngeke laying 640 mm obukhulu. Brick odongeni kabani ukujiya kuyinto 290 mm kufanele okwengeziwe kungenziwa lwaqiniswa grid imigqa 5.

Ukuze wenze izindlu ngokunethezeka, uhlele ukwahlukanisa eyengeziwe kusukela ngaphandle noma ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Lapha efanelekayo polystyrene Foam, polystyrene Foam, amaminerali uvolo kanye nezinye izinto ezithambile noma kanzima. Ngalezi Ukuvikelwa ezishisayo zingandiswa 100%.

Izindonga zangaphakathi umthwalo eziveza

Isakhiwo obuphelele noma ububanzi mkhulu kunezinhliziyo emihlanu nengxenye amamitha ohlangothini ngemva kwesikhathi eside zihlukaniswe yangaphakathi izindonga asekelayo. Bakha eziveza mechanical setshe isakhiwo noma ezinengilazi.

I ukushuba we izindonga zangaphakathi isitini ingaphansi Ingaphandle ngoba ayidingi ukwahlukanisa, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka-250 mm (wokwakha "e isitini"). Zonke izindonga umthwalo esindayo, futhi yangaphandle futhi ingaphakathi, axhunyaniswa ukwakha, kanye isisekelo ophahleni isakhiwo esisodwa - amathambo endoda isakhiwo. Zonke imithwalo ayisukumele isakhiwo ngeke zisakazwe ngokulinganayo phezu ndawo. Designated ngokumitha kwemihlambi ngaphakamisa izindonga zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, noma ehlukile yokugcizelela anezikhala ukuqinisa 5 akhiwe imigqa. Ngodonga wanelisekile ezingeqile kwezingama-510 mm ububanzi futhi Saqinisa. Uma ufuna ukubeka izinsika njengoba Izinsika-ke, ingxenye izakhiwo kumele okungenani ibe 380h380 mm (bamba "e nengxenye-isitini"). Bona Saqinisa wire imigqa 3-6 mm 5 ukuphakama ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe.

septa

Lezi zindonga ukukhiqiza division zonal isikhala ezindaweni ezinkulu. Kusukela ngodonga akuzona umthwalo esindayo, futhi engabathinti yimuphi umthwalo ngaphandle isisindo ayo ke ungakwazi ukukhetha ukuthi yiziphi ugqinsi odongeni lwezitini ehlelelwe more mayelana nezakhiwo.

Ngodonga 120 mm (wokwakha "e nengxenye-isitini") ngokuyisisekelo uhlele phakathi amakamelo, izindlu zokugezela. Uma kudingeka ukuhlukanisa encane isitoreji endaweni ekamelweni uhlobo, lapho ibeka 65 mm odongeni ukujiya (wokwakha "emphethweni"). Kodwa ukwahlukanisa elinjalo elibekwe ingane kufanele luqiniswe wire 3 mm njalo imigqa 2-3 wokwakha ku ukuphakama, uma nobude bawo amamitha angaphezu kwelilodwa nengxenye.

Ukwenza lula isisindo futhi ukunciphisa umthwalo phezu izindonga ophahleni eyakhiwe ngezitini eziyize noma ukungena nakwamanye amazwe sobumba.

Isixazululo for wokwakha

Uma ngaphandle wokwakha izindonga ekubeni "ngaphansi zigqashuke" ke izinga ukwakheka kanye isicelo lesifanele yesixazululo kuxhomeke endleleni aesthetically uyobheka ngezitini odongeni. I ukushuba we ezivuzayo kumele kube ngokufanayo kuyo yonke indawo, futhi kumelwe ugcwalise bona ngokuphelele sikhala akuvunyelwe. Isixazululo kufanele uzilungiselele ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi kanye nokusetshenziswa emahoreni amabili. Ductility liyanezela ubumba limestone noma ngemabula uginindela.

Ukwenza ovundlile welds ukushuba 10 kuya ku-15 mm, ukuze mpo - kusuka 8 kuya ku-10 mm.

Phakathi ukwakhiwa isitini kufanele uqaphele ukuthi yimuphi ukuphambuka kwiphrojekthi kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí ezingalindelekile kamuva. Ukuzinza kanye namandla we izindonga wokwakha eziveza encishisiwe kalula uma:

• ukunciphisa ukushuba yabo;
• ukwandisa ukuphakama yabo;
• ukwandisa indawo noma inombolo apertures;
• ukunciphisa ububanzi ngodonga phakathi ukuvuleka;
• ungahleli izindonga noma iziteshi niche;
• zisebenzisa ukugqagqana esinzima ngokwengeziwe.

Brick odongeni ukujiya okuyinto esingaphansi umklamo kumele okwengeziwe nakakhulu.

Zonke izinguquko kule phrojekthi kufanele kwenziwe ongoti, awukwazi ukwenza lokhu sodwa.

Ezakhiwe ngezitini ine inzuzo sobala, wabakhwelisa eliphakeme kakhulu kunangesikhathi izindlu omunye umsebenzi. Made ngokuvumelana Iphrojekthi yokuqala, banayo unendlela yakhe futhi athandeke nakakhulu. Futhi lokhu kukho okuhle ngokuba utshalomali futhi ukudluliswa kwempahla nenzalo ka ngofuzo.