Boris Spassky: Biography nokufeza

Phakathi inombolo enkulu imidlalo nemincintiswano, okuyinto njalo kwasakazwa kuyithelevishini ingxenye osindayo ithebula matasa kuwo. Omunye wabo chess. Bavame angene imfashini, bese isikhashana ukukhohlwa ngazo. Ukuthandwa Grandmaster ihamba komunye. Phakathi abadlali abaningi abanamakhono ezikhishwe Boris Spassky, ngesikhathi esifanele baba omncane kunathi chess umdlali owaba nengxenye i midlalo ngamazwe.

eminyakeni yokuqala

Boris Spassky wazalwa ngo-1937, January 30, eLeningrad. Lapho esemncane ngesikhathi sempi umdlali elilandelayo wakhishwa umuzi futhi wahlala ekhaya yezingane nabanye izingane eziningi ezazikade bayakhululwa iJerusalema livinjezelwe. Phakathi nale nkathi, impilo yeminyaka emihlanu Boris bajwayelane umdlalo futhi wathumba ke.

Ngemva kwempi, zonke babaleki ebuyela ekhaya, abuyiselwe inkambo evamile yokuphila. Ngo-1946 Spassky at chess mbuthano ngo-Leningrad Isigodlo Amaphayona eholwa unina. Nsuku zonke iminyaka emibili ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya abasha chess umdlali wahlanganyela umdlalo wamema wonke izihlobo ubambe ephathini naye.

Kulesi inhlangano, ngisho i ongenalwazi Boris Spassky idonse amehlo emhlabeni wonke ngekhono layo kanye nekhono futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesizotha nangokuhluzeka amahloni. Kodwa ngisho kule nkathi ekuphileni lwakhe wanquma ukuba abe omunye wabadlali evelele kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

lokuqala ukunqoba

Enye intuthuko yokuqala Boris vasilevich Spassky wabhala encwadini yomlando wakhe ukuthi ngisho esemncane, waba inkosi ngamazwe. Ngabuyela kuye ke engu-16 kuphela ubudala. ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibili ukuqeqeshwa usumholela isihloko esisha iqhawe emhlabeni phakathi Juniors. Ngemva kokuphothula umatikuletsheni, Spassky ngiya ekholishi eMnyangweni Journalism. Kodwa waqhubeka njalo ukuqeqesha.

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-18, wathatha indawo yesithathu kule ubuqhawe njengesizwe, futhi leli wamnika ithuba iqhaza candidate Tournament, okuyinto wawuzoqhutshwa ngonyaka olandelayo. Ngakho, uBoris Spassky waba ilungu omncane ubuqhawe ngaleso sikhathi.

ubuqhawe

Wenza DEBUT yakhe ngaleso candidate Tournament, iqhawe ikusasa endaweni wabelane kusuka 3 kuya ku-7 nge abadumile chess abadlali ngaleso sikhathi. Zonke izazi walibiza intuthuko enkulu futhi wabikezela ikusasa yimpumelelo.

Ngemva kweminyaka eminingana futhi inani elikhulu ukunqotshwa futhi ngokunqoba Spassky ngo-1969, wahlangana kulo mqhudelwano Tigran Petrosyan futhi ngek isihloko. isihloko Honorary umdlali chess egqoka iminyaka engu-3. Bob Fischer futhi Boris Spassky ngo-1972 waba umdlalo, okuholela isihloko wadlulela umnikazi omusha.

ukufana Famous

Le midlalo ezinamandla kakhulu futhi edume zihlanganisa lezo ezenzeka esikhathini mqhudelwano ukhetho. Eyokuqala yalezi kwaba umdlalo nge Tigran Petrosian ngo-1966, lapho wahlulwa Spassky. Abagxeki bathi esanda GM was kakhulu zidla futhi abasha. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-3 ekulweni isihloko esifanayo isitha ukuthi iwine iqhawe bethu isikolo 12.5: 10.5.

Bobby Fischer futhi Boris Spassky ababehlangana kulelo candidate Tournament 1972. Usuku esimisiwe American ongafikanga, kanye nomdlalo ayikwazanga kwakuzokwenzeka nini, futhi lapho bedingeka ohlangothini Soviet. Nokho, iqhawe ebusa enza ngayo umnumzana yakhe evamile, futhi nguMengameli komdlalo usuku Max Euwe lihlehlisiwe. Yonke umdlalo senzeka nezinkinga, futhi naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi batch sokuqala nesesibili Spassky iwine, walahlekelwa impi futhi isihloko wadlulela Fischer.

Abaningi baye basho kanjalo nokuziphatha American iye ngokukhethekile raffled ukuba disorient abaphikisi. Ukwenqaba nesigaba ngenxa yokuba sendaweni engafanele futhi batch olandelayo isicelo kobuchwepheshe obusha wenza umdlalo mqhudelwano ekhumbulekayo imiphumela, kanye amagama abadlali - Bobby Fischer futhi Boris Spassky. Ubani ophumelele futhi obani ababenomthwalo ukunqoba, abaningi namanje phikisana.

umqeqeshi

Umqeqeshi yokuqala evelele Borisa Spasskogo kwaba Igor Bondarevskiy. Kwakungenxa ayekufundisa nangemisebenzi ukuqeqeshwa eziphikelelayo eside waqala ukuvela kwaba nemiphumela emikhulu, nabo kwakunokwenzeka ukuba baye for the ubuqhawe. Futhi in the team kwaba UNikolai Krogius, owasiza ekulungiselelweni umdlalo nge Tigran Petrosian.

Got win futhi ubuqhawe, Spasskiy Boris - chess, okuyinto ngaleso sikhathi wayazi futhi wamema-inthavyu kanye imicimbi yezemidlalo, baqala ukunikela isikhathi esiningi lo mdlalo. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-3, kwakudingekile ukuze uqinisekise isihloko, futhi lokhu kwandulelwe ukuqeqeshwa eqinile futhi ezicindezelayo.

Ithimba ine indoda entsha - Grandmaster efim Geller. Old iqhawe Umqeqeshi ekugcineni kunomehluko eqinile, inkampani kwakudingeka bahlale izingxabano nokungaboni ngaso linye. Bobby Fischer futhi Boris Spassky abangu bebuthanela umdlalo isihloko. Nakuba ukulungiselela wakhe umdlali chess kanye nomqeqeshi wakhe Igorya Bondarevskogo kuqubuke ingxabano eqinile, ngenxa lapho yokugcina emsebenzini.

Ngenxa yalokho, ukulungiswa iqhawe sivikele e umdlalo bekulokhu ababuthakathaka, futhi naphezu umdlalo ehloniphekile, uBoris Spassky wahlulwa kanye elahlekile isihloko sakhe.

France

Ngemva ukunqotshwa eziningana, futhi amaphiko abadlali umusha futhi uyingqabavu entsha Boris vasilevich Spassky ushiye umdlalo omkhulu, kodwa akazange ayeke umsebenzi wakho ozithandayo. Ngo-1976 yaphathwa somshado Marinoy Scherbachevoy. Njengoba umkakhe wasebenza njengoba umdlali chess ngesikhathi French Embassy, umkhaya wathuthela eFrance. Naphezu kokuphila kude nasekhaya, uMsindisi waqhubeka nomdlandla Championships ngamazwe-USSR.

Kancane kancane chess Wamkhohlwa ngasendleleni, kanye 90 th ngonyaka Grandmaster kancane njalo uvele on tournaments enkulu. Boris Spassky, biography ligcwele ibhodi esiqine namanje yize kunjalo ihlala isibonelo kubantu abaningi. Yena asiyeki okubuka izinto ezenziwa inhlangano, ngezinye izikhathi unika izingxoxo kanye nokubonisana.

E-Fulansi, uMsindisi wazalelwa indodana, owayebizwa nangokuthi u-Boris, futhi kamuva weza ukukhanya nendodakazi.

Umndeni uhlala eningizimu yezwe.

Ngo-2010, iqhawe wangaphambili unhlangothi ngenxa ngalo ukuba ilale embhedeni isikhathi eside.

Amazing

Ngo-2012, uBoris Spassky weza eRussia, lapho aqhubeka khona ukwelapha imiphumela unhlangothi. Lo mcimbi wavusa yomphakathi. abezindaba abaningi Ubhale ukuthi umdlali ibalekile, ngoba awuzange unikwe ukwelashwa bahlonipheke futhi umndeni wakhe behlukene umphakathi. Abanye echazwe nokokuphunyuka inchubo lapho Spassky ukusiza umngane ongumakad 'ebona. Wamletha aphume endlini bese ithunyelwa embasi Russian.

GM esizama ukuthola yena ngale ndaba futhi unika amazwana olungaphelele kanye ovikelekile. ERussia wandizisa indodana yakhe, kodwa umkakhe UMarina no Boris wayeya isehlukaniso. Muva nje, uhlala ekhaya. manje Boris Jr., ayeyile French Institute, ofunda e-ummeli Petersburg.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Esikhathini 90 sika Boris Spassky wayedlala akuvamile futhi akayanga izenzakalo ezinkulu. Ngo-1992, i-International Chess Association labetibambile isikhumbuzo emdlalweni embukisweni phakathi Fischer futhi Spassky, nge Isikhwama umklomelo ka- $ 5 million. Ngokusho imiphumela winner wathola imali kakhulu, kodwa futhi ilahlekile kwesokunxele nge umklomelo.

Umdlalo eside kodwa esinobungane, okwaphumela kabusha waba American kuqala. Izingqapheli eziningi bathi umdlalo wayengekho eliphansi in ngamandla tournaments yesimanje, kodwa kusabhekwa esikoleni elidala ngokucacile. Kuningi okuye kwashintsha ezweni chess nge Njengoba sekunama-computer.

On imali iwine Boris Spassky wathenga amafulethi ngokomthetho ezihlotsheni nakubangane babo. Lo muntu njalo waba nomusa, ukuphikelela nengqondo evulekile.

Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, yena nabangane nge grandmasters abadumile, ngisho nalabo walahlekelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe.