Ambient - kuyini? Izici ambient umculo isitayela

Ngo umculo, kukhona izinhlobo eziyisisekelo eziningana, ehlanganisa ezihlukahlukene sub-izinhlobo. Okokuqala bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuma. Lokho okusho ukuthi, ibukeka kanjani futhi kuphi isetshenziswa? kuphakama avame nezindaba ezinjalo izilaleli ezintsha. Ukuze sithole impendulo, kudingeka simazi kangcono umkhakha umculo we-1970.

Ukuvela uhlobo

Noma yimuphi uhlu, ekhomba nabadlali isitayela kuma, qiniseka ukuthi ufaka Brian Eno. Kuyinto lokhu umculi kwaba umsunguli uhlobo futhi umbhali kwethemu. Brian Waqala inkambo yakhe eqenjini Roxy Umculo, lapho eseneminyaka keyboardist. Nokho, phakathi nawo-70s, wanquma ukuthuthela e kude rock futhi waqala amaphrojekthi zabo uwedwa, isici okwakunzima eziningi zokucwaninga ngomsindo.

Igama elithi -ambient (aphakeme) ekuhumusheni esiNgisi anjengelithi "esigubuzele". Lokho Ino wakwazi ukufeza umphumela zomculo okuqala. Ugqozi ngaye yayiwukuba umsindo emgwaqweni, lapho walalela, amanga kanye ekhaya ukuze ukwa. Umqambi wanquma nokuzala into efana nendlu Iphalethi imisindo nokuqopha yi phezu plate. Ukuze wenze lokhu kwadingeka ukuba enze amacebo ambalwa lobuchwepheshe.

Umqondo Brian Eno

I full-olusebenza ambient solo albhamu yokuqala Brian Eno kubhekwa Neqondayo Umculo, eyakhululwa ngo-1975. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho umculi uklame nomqondo uhlobo, elithengisa njengoba isisekelo umqondo French wezinguquko umqambi Erik Satie ku "ifenisha umculo".

Ingqikithi kokubili Amathrendi wukuthi zisuke zisho Ihubo avulekile ukuthi isilaleli kungaba ngokulinganayo ulalele futhi abasinakanga. Ifenisha umculo lwenziwa izitolo, amabhange nezinye izikhungo zomphakathi ukwakha isizinda ukhululekile. Okufanayo emvelweni esizungezile ye-umculo Brian Eno albhamu lalezi zincwajana zenzelwe yokuzihlola nokuzindla. umculo lakhe ungagxilanga, it is ehlakazekele udlulele. Futhi lokhu ziqondakala indlebe yomuntu.

Duet Eno Fripp

Ezinye imibono eziqukethwe izingoma zokuhlola, Eno, futhi azizange lakhiwe, kodwa siye sakhonza njengamaphayona ugqozi yabaculi esizayo, owazama emsebenzini wakhe uhlaziye lokho kuma. Ngo umculo, uyise ekusungulweni uhlobo, isibonelo, usukela imizamo yokuqala ukubhala belusizi "yokusakaza" iculo. Ikakhulukazi obonakalayo kulo mkhuba ku-albhamu Evening Star. I-albhamu sabhalwa ngo-1975. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Brian Eno wabe esesiza omunye umculi lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa Robert Fripp, ngcono kakhulu eyaziwa njengendlela inkanyiso ka wathuthuka. Imiphumela yomsebenzi wabo ngokuhlanganyela kwi Evening Star waba kwandulela ambient amnyama.

Umphumela wokuqala ngokubambisana Fripp futhi Eno albhamu wazibonakalisa Ayikho yabo Pussyfooting, eyakhululwa ngo-1973. Okwesikhathi yayo, leli rekhodi kwaba ukuhlola esiyingqayizivele. Abaculi isicelo ukuphayona inqubo yokuqopha eteyipini kazibuthe. Babesebenzisa izihibe umphumela (ngesiNgisi elithi iluphu). Fripp futhi Eno wathatha abanye isiqeshana esifushane umculo, futhi ngosizo ubuchwepheshe eyayenziwe okuphindaphindiwe izikhathi eziningana. Umphumela waba umphumela eyinqaba echo vibration. Esikhathini esizayo, le ndlela iye yasungula kokubili oyise owasungula nabalandeli babo.

izici Technical

umculo Electronic - yilokho kuma. Futhi ucwaningo ekuqaleni we Brian Eno, futhi Izinhlobo ezingaphansi entsha ye ezihlobene lolu hlobo isigaba omkhulu. Esigubuzele sound effect kufezwa ngokusebenzisa zonke izinhlobo electronics kanye synthesizers. Isignali original idlule Equalizer ingcaca futhi engena imibhobho emibili. Umsindo waso udlalwa nge isikhawu iDemo. Nale lobuchwepheshe zokukhwabanisa abaculi 70s. Waqale wadala, bese bahlakulele kuma.

Meaning okuhambisana ngokuphelele ubunjalo uhlobo. umsindo Okufanayo umboza isilaleli futhi waqonda njengoba imvelo. ENO yena kuqhathaniswa umsindo kuma of imvula ukukhanya zihlakazeke. Ngaphezu ifenisha umculo ukuthonywa kuye izingoma Drone, ikakhulukazi umsebenzi La Monte Yanga.

indlu Ambient

Ukhiye umculo izinhlobo kukhona enemisebenzi kakhulu, aqukethe sub-izinhlobo eziningi. Kuyinto ayihlukile neze futhi kuma. Kuyini lokhu? Lokhu simiso esibanzi ngaphakathi okuyinto ephila imiqondo ehlukene kakhulu. Iminyaka engu-40, uhlobo isibe esilufifi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi igama elithi "i-ambient 'lisetshenziswa njengophawu isiqalo ukuchaza umngcele isitayela, ekhona eslphambanweni ezikoleni ezimbili ezahlukene. Okunjalo izinhlobo ezimbili abami yaqala ukubonakala ku-yalolucwaningo 80-90.

Isibonelo esimangalisayo ekubumbaneni ezinjalo - indlu kuma. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kungokwalabo umculo electronic elisetshenziswa ema-disco. Umuntu owasungula le uhlobo kwaba British band Orbital, obabukhona e 1987-2004 futhi 2009-2014. umculo wakhe ayebhekwa club, kodwa wahlala uhlobo kakhulu intsha disco. Orbital Ukwakheka ukugcizelela ohlukile umfutho womoya, okuyinto yena ethulwa Ambient. isitayela British umculo athuthukile ezinye iqembu esizukulwaneni sabo: I zikhipha, Future Sound yaseLondon futhi I KLF.

techno Ambient

Njengoba bebheke umdanso ambient ngasekuqaleni 1990. It savela zibe ambient-techno. Izici esasenza lolu hlobo babe ngesilinganiso esingaba iculo, umsindo esigubuzele nokusetshenziswa entsha imigqomo umshini Roland TR-808. Abaculi techno ambient elixutshwe emsebenzini wakhe izakhi zezinsika ezintathu umculo: ambient, i-trance futhi indlu.

Kubhekwa isibonelo zakudala isiqondiso i-albhamu ekhethiwe Ambient Isebenza 85-92, sakhishwa Aphex Twin (mbumbulu Richard D. James) ngo-1992. On le albhamu, umculi uye kuhlanganiswe nakho njengoba DJ futhi uthando lwakhe Ambience.

Ambient zezimboni

Ekuqaleni kwawo-80-90-yalolucwaningo. abameleli ngasinye isiko zomculo ngendlela yabo wazama ukuphendula umbuzo yini umculo kuma. Brian Eno amasu babe zazingayifanele izikhali zokuhlola. Bona ikakhulukazi wasebenza ngomshoshaphansi futhi musa ukubheka umculo umkhakha Amathrendi. Kwakukhona abaqambi eyayisebenza ngaphansi uhlobo ezimbonini. Ngo-1984, iqembu isiqondiso throbbing Gristle baloba albhamu Ethunzini Sun, wadala ngaphansi kwethonya olukhulu kuma.

Umhlangano izinhlobo ezimele ezimbili emenza indiza ezintsha ezithakazelisayo ukuze abaculi abaningi abasha. Ngo-1980-yalolucwaningo. ambient-zezimboni isibe leitmotif lokusungula Lustmord futhi isetshenziswa lekhoyili. umculo wabo libhekene esigayegayeni, futhi kwezinye izimo, futhi obuhambisana nemilingo. Kamuva kwaba ngesisekelo ambient isiko.

ambient Omnyama

Ngawo-1990. ambient-zezimboni ekugcineni savela zibe ambient amnyama. I amaqembu enkolo avelele kakhulu ngaphezu kwalezo sekushiwo Lustmord futhi isetshenziswa lekhoyili kule niche babe Endura, Emkhathini Nocturnal futhi Zoviet France. Ngo umculo wabo, ayesebenzisa imisindo yemvelo (umsindo omnandi wehlathi, izilwane nezinyoni amanzi) nezezimboni (umsindo workshop futhi imishini ukusebenza, ukukhala kwensimbi). Encane - esinye isici esihlukanisa ambient amnyama. Kuyini lokhu? Lokhu monotony sici umculo, imvamisa yayo kanye ukungabikho imininingwane lebalulekile. Isebenzisa amasampula looped sidilize ukotini nezinye imiphumela, yezingxabano. Lokhu kudala ingxubevange umoya okuyiluthayo.

Njengoba izinto azenzekanga ngendlela yezimboni, ambient amnyama kuyaqabukela ngemibono. Izosha abaculi kule ndawo akuvamile libhekisela themes kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe. Iyini i-ambient ngokuvumelana imibhalo zezingoma? Kuyinto umzamo komlobi uhlaziye izici zenkolo, ezingaqondakali futhi zokuziphatha yokuphila komuntu. Kulesi uhlobo eziningi omculo wezinsimbi, lapho kungekho umbhalo, nokunakwa izethameli, ebe naye ezizwa kuphela umculo. Okudingekayo ukuze ukuvela Ambience amnyama sabekwa hhayi kuphela ucwaningo Industry and umsebenzi Brian Eno, kodwa futhi ekukhishweni Devida Boui okuphansi futhi Heroes, kanye plastic Tangerine Dream Zeit.

Drone Ambient

Ekupheleni kwawo-1990. ngokusebenzisa nokuhlanganiswa ambient kanye Drone uvele uhlobo Drone kuma. It libhekene vibration, ushintsho njalo ijubane, nokububula at imisindo ephansi, resonances namanye amacebo angajwayelekile lobuchwepheshe ukurekhoda.

Drone izingoma ambient (nje-ambient njengoba amnyama) cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi kuphambene isakhiwo classical zezingoma (uchungechunge lwamavesi futhi emakhorasi). Bona luhambisane kuphela isethulo nombhali amahle ke ngokuvamile kuba nzima longeke watibona netintfo eside ngokweqile. Umculo Drone ambient ngaphandle amathuluzi classical asetshenziselwa iziginci ambient ngisho kagesi, i-yangaphandle badabula synthesizers eziningi equalizers.

Dungeon-synth

Isenzakalo ahlukene ambient emgodini-synth. Lokhu uhlobo kwavela 1990. ngenxa ucwaningo, black metal abaculi abavela eNorway. Ngokwesibonelo, ungumdali iphrojekthi lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa Burzum Varg Vikernes wayenqaba esindayo guitar umsindo, futhi iqoshwe albhamu eziningana, okuyinto yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo synth ngokuvumelana. Iningi uhlobo esungulwe sasifana ambient amnyama, kodwa phakathi kwalezi zinto zombili kunomehluko ayisisekelo.

Dungeon-synth nge ncazelo kuyahluka ngenhloso ompofu izinga ukuqoshwa. Lokhu kwakubangelwa yezizathu eziningana: ukusetshenziswa ezishibhile ikhasethi rekhoda, isifiso bephikisana nenqwaba ngemboni yomculo, abaculi nokuzinikela ajulile. abaculi Norwegian ngokuvamile baphendukela isihloko Izinganekwane ezweni lenkaba yakhe, futhi okwakuyiyo ukugxila isilaleli sakhe esetshenziswa efanelekayo ucwaningo ambient ozungeze umhlaba wethu.

Kuyini lokhu? Ngaphezu isiboshwa Burzum Cinta zihlanganisa ukwakhiwa Mortiis, Wongraven nokunye .. Abanye babo badalwa iphrojekthi ohlangothini. Ngamanye amazwi, kwaba iqembu ezengeziwe, okuyinto umqondo ezahlukene ensimbini eyinhloko band mculi.

In the movie,

Ngenxa izici zayo wesitayela ngokuvamile izingoma ambient asetshenziswa izingoma movie. umculo wangemuva okunjalo uphelele akunika isimo ekhethekile izigcawu cinematic. Ukuze abenzi mafilimu futhi abaqambi kuba olunye ulimi, lapho umbukeli idluliselwa ku isithombe sicatshangelwa kwemizwa.

Fashion phezu ambient movie sekuboniwe njengendlela Classic emhlabeni Stanley Kubrick. "Ukusakaza" umculo uye waba yingxenye ebalulekile movie yakhe "Space Odyssey 2001" futhi "The Shining." Enye okufana umgqugquzeli ambient umculo esikrinini esikhulu NguDavide Lynch ( "Eraserhead," "Mulholland Drayivu").

Ngo umculo kanye nokukhangisa

Njengoba kule movie, Onjiniyela ikhompyutha abacibishelayo, amasu kanye nezinye ukuzijabulisa virtual ngendlela yakhe izama ukubonisa izilaleli lokho kuma. Umsindo ithrekhi imidlalo enze umsebenzi ofanayo - bekhulisa ndawonye abadlali kusukela imvelo yokudlala lapho isenzo senzeka khona kanye eseyintsha. othandwayo kuleli Simulator ambient isikhala Ikakhulukazi.

Uma konke kusobala e ubuhlobo ambient umculo movie nemidlalo, ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi kuba ambient ekukhangiseni? Lolu hlobo umculo ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene izimakethe, kodwa lokhu akuwona wonke. Esikhathini umkhakha professional kukhona eside ambient abezindaba, okusho ukusetshenziswa imvelo ngezinjongo zokukhangisa (kuziwa ekukhangiseni ongaphandle ezindaweni ezizungeze aminyene).

izilaleli

Ambient akazange abe uhlobo okudayiswayo yimpumelelo. Abagxeki baye bamangalela uhlobo, bemmangalela isithukuthezi ngokweqile kanye nezobunhloli. Ordinary abalaleli isiqondiso kubadumaze izingoma ngokweqile isikhathi eside angenazo evamile izakhiwo namanothi kanye nokusebenza vocal.

Njengoba ambient yayo yaqala wathatha abanye niche elincane ngemboni yomculo futhi iyaqhubeka iba ngaphakathi it has iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40. Hhayi abe uhlobo bakamalalahlengezela ethandwa, efika nesizotha usayizi, kodwa izithameli ezithembekile kakhulu, ukubaluleka ongakaze kwakuxhomeke isimo futhi imfashini. Cishe indlela efanayo sihamba zolunye uhlobo, egcwele ehlelo elithile emibuthanweni sasivumela emincane.

Ngokusho ucwaningo nge musicologists, izethameli eziqondiwe uhlobo - abantu kuka-16 no-33 iminyaka. Balalela Ambient umculo. Lisho ukuthini leli wesibalo? Hlobo luni lomculo ngokuvamile umlutha abafundi kanye nentsha. Umphakathi abalandeli ambient anda kakhulu ngemva kokusungulwa kwe-Inthanethi. Ngenxa thwebula mahhala ukukhishwa okusha nokuxhumana isithakazelo ongokomoya uhlobo uye zasakazekela kulo lonke izwe. A inkomba enhle ngalo mqondo inombolo amaqembu nabaculi solo ukudlala kuma. Iningi lazo e-Australia, iJalimane, Canada, UK kanye US. Kukhona yesehlakalo esifuze yesifunda njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla Norway.