Amagama avelele iziphakamiso bakha isihloko nesilandiso. Ikakhulukazi isabelomali

Amagama avelele iziphakamiso bakha isihloko nesilandiso, yesibili - ncazelo, isimo kanye kwalokho. Nokho, ngokwahlukana yokuthi uye waba isiko, kusho ezingeni kahle eliphezulu of Abstraction, ngoba kuyadingeka ukuze abone umehluko ngaphandle ezihlukahlukene amaqiniso namalimi wemiphakathi. Sizozama ukuhlonza izingxenye eyinhloko lomusho.

Nqumani kwenchubo yekuchumana

Okokuqala, kufanele anqunywe kwenchubo yekuchumana kwesiphakamiso ezihlobene ethile isimo inkulumo. Kusuka kulelizinga umehluko phakathi amalungu ezincane futhi ezinkulu unemandla, kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kulesi sici kungaba yisiphi sazo, hhayi nje ikhanda. Ngakho, ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo, "Kunini lapho uPetru efika?" emshweni "uPetru efika ngayizolo izolo" ezibaluleke kakhudlwana 'Luwusuku ngaphambi izolo, "okuyinto kubaluleke kancane. Nge iphuzu yekuchumana umbono, awayona njalo nalezo izingxenye eyinhloko lomusho. Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi yabo yamabanga aphakeme.

Lahla izinto semantic

Ukuhlonza main izingxenye umusho, kumele baphonse futhi zonke izici okuhlotshaniswa nencazelo yalo. Ukunqunywa kuncike nesilandiso e imingcele emidala yasemaphandleni akusho acabangele khona neqiniso lokuthi akuyona isikhathi ngasinye lapho kukhona imigomo lucebe noma ilungu oqavile kwenye incwadi-nxenye ungathola sipho Okungabonakali. Ngokwesibonelo, kunzima ukusebenzisa inkulumo enjalo kwaso ngokuthi "wazithola", "Yena ilahlekelwe," "Le ndlu kuyinto" nabanye.

Ukuhlaziywa ngawo ihlukanisa ulimi Russian kwemusho kanye nezinye ezincane, awusebenzi cabangela wonke la maqiniso. Lena ngoba okuhloswe ngaso inkulumo iyunithi lucebe futhi Iwawo abstract. Ngakho-ke, ngalezi zinjongo, akunandaba, kanye neqiniso lokuthi ngokuvamile kuba yesibili esibophezelayo, njengoba concretise bese ugcwalisa izingxenye indeterminate noma enephutha eyinhloko lomusho.

Bakha a division of isigwebo, siphazanyiswe, isibonelo, ngalokho into ihamba kahle ukuze ezincane semantic kungenzeka njengoba kudingekile njengoba kungaphansi nesilandiso. Kumele kukhunjulwe lapho ehlaziya.

Umqondo amalungu main

Amagama avelele iziphakamiso bakha isihloko nesilandiso. Gqamisa ngokwesiko yabo amanga kwalabamnyama emikhakheni lehlelekile. lapha kuphela libonakala kwehlukene nominative Kwezinye izimo etshekile anezele umuntu azalwa nalo lokuhlaziya ukubaluleka isihloko. Siqukethe eqinisweni lokuthi leli fomu (ie isihloko) ungaphakathi ukuxhumana isilandiso, hhayi unilaterally sincike ke ukuthi thile kubonakala kuzo zonke izinhlobo nezinye izimo etshekile (kuhlanganise ukubaluleka luhlangotsi).

kuncike

Isihloko hhayi kuphela incike kuye, kodwa futhi inquma uhlobo isilandiso mayelana nezigaba ubulili, inombolo bese umuntu. Lo mthetho EsiZulwini asinayo kusinika isiRashiya.

Amalungu eyinhloko iminikelo zihlanganisa libito ku nominative (isihloko), elisetendeni ukuhlanganisa nge isilandiso. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlanganyela kumiswa isikhungo yekwenta kuzo zonke iziphakamiso.

isilandiso

Isilandiso njengoba ilungu sinezici ezimbili: a predicativity yenethiwekhi isetshenziswa kanye kuvumelana ndaba. Okubonwa linje ngemisho ezahlukene ukuveza izigaba yekwenta saba negalelo ekwakhiweni zinkolelo-mbono ezicatshangelwayo athuthukile mayelana nezinhlobo isilandiso, okuyinto kubangelwe bakuqaphela umqondo yokudala uhlu ahlukahlukene kwesakhiwo izikimu iziphakamiso maqondana enamazinyo amabili.

izinhlobo isilandiso

Ukuhlukanisa phakathi elula eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye isilandiso ngamazwi bokuzisholo. Verbal kungaba elula noma kwakwakhe, okungukuthi - njalo lamalungelo. Zonke lezi zinhlobo - izingxenye eyinhloko lomusho. Isihloko ayinayo division ezinjalo.

Vele eyodwa ingxenye kuyinto isilandiso elula. Lokhu kungaba ifomu conjugated sesenzo noma nePhini lakhe, noma kwekusebentisa isenzo isibalazo.

isiphakamiso Mononuclear, ukugqamisa ilungu zako ezisemqoka

Umqondo wokuthi isilandiso kuyinto yomusho, okuyinto incike kuncike futhi, ngakho-ke, ngempela kusho ukhona, liye lasetshenziswa njengesonto ngesisekelo ukwabiwa ilungu elilodwa ngaphezulu umshwana oyinhloko, elesithathu, okuthiwa ilungu avelele iziphakamiso owodwa kwengoma.

Sekuyisikhathi eside waphawula ukuthi kukhona wabo, lapho kungase kube ilungu oyinhloko eyodwa kuphela. Nokho, AA kuphela Chess kwelinye uhlobo, ngokuthi "omunye-ucezu" izipesheli, kuhlangene zonke lezi zimo, futhi waqhathanisa nabo "ezimbili", okuyinto njalo ukwethula isihloko nesilandiso.

I-kwakwakhe eyodwa inikeza eside oyinhloko umcimbi-syntax ekhethekile, njengoba futhi uyena kuphela ngesisekelo yekwenta omhlaba wonke umusho wonke. Okungukuthi, efana umenziwa, kuba othwala impahla ezifana predicativity. Ukufana naye kubonakala eqinisweni lokuthi kunamaKristu lafananako e ilungu inikezwe njengoba lowo of isilandiso. Nokho, ngokungafani yokugcina, ukuma okuyinto ezinye zezici zawo (ubulili, inombolo, umuntu) kuncike kuncike, ku-kwakwakhe eyodwa linikeza ilungu main isetshenziswa e ukuma noma yisiphi sazo, ngoba ngokuphelele kunqunywa, sibangela izipesheli kuphela eyodwa-kwakwakhe.