Amabanga ngobukhulu Russian: incazelo, igama nendawo

"Awukho sezulu ethafeni ihlukile lapha" - amagama Vladimira Vysotskogo, eyaziwa cishe bonke, kungaba yisiqubulo le timu. Kumayelana ezintabeni, enhle kunazo zonke impumuzo zemvelo. Akumangalisi, nalapho imisebenzi yezimbongi abaningi abazibuza wona, ukuheha izivakashi, abaqwali nabantu abafuna shí ehlukile, lutho kwi sezulu efanayo. Ukubheka ibalazwe ngokomzimba, umuntu angabona eziningi izintaba ehlakazekile emhlabeni wonke. Rich kuzo futhi insimu Russian.

izici ezemvelo Russia

izintaba isiRashiya, like amaphoyisa agada emngceleni flank elisemaphethelweni aseningizimu ne enyakatho-esempumalanga yaleli zwe, ukudala isihlangu eliyingqayizivele futhi esinokwethenjelwa izindawo flat. Kuphela Ural anamandla kweqa ngesibindi expanses enkulukazi Russia, awusebenzi axazulule nge imingcele, noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kwenqwaba sabantu uhlala ezindaweni flat, ngibona ezintabeni noma ku-TV, noma ngezinye izikhathi, ukuthola ikhefu ezindaweni sezintaba. Ngaphansi kwengxenye esishintshashintshayo impumuzo eRussia imbozwe ezintabeni. Yebo, cishe zonke amabanga of elaseRussia eNingizimu futhi Far East amazwe.

Kafushane mayelana ezintabeni

Uma uthinta izici belinganisa, okuyinto ungabona kahle ukuthi izintaba phambi obukele, kwakungase lakhomba inani maphuzu:

• ukuphakama ezingaphezu kuka-200 metres ngenhla ezingeni nonyawo;
• emithambekeni emaweni;
• khona yeziqongo. +

Ekhuluma ngomsuka ezintabeni ziyahlukahluka. Uma kwakuba khona ukusonteka of ungqimba lomhlaba, kuvele intaba - imvelo zomhlaba.

Ngenxa esingathí sina mlilo umlotha, nezinye izinhlayiya buthelela, ukwakha ezintabeni. zokwakheka ezinjalo ukuqhuma kwezintaba-mlilo, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi kukhona wentaba phezulu entabeni ezinjalo.

izinguquko ekuphakameni, kubangelwa ukuguguleka, Ungakha futhi izintaba. Ngokuvamile afanayo eziningana umsuka eyohlobo babuthane endaweni efanayo. Khona-ke bambiza amasistimu entabeni.

Uhlu emikhulu Russian

Ukuze uthole umbuso zemilingo, zinhlamvu ngokuvamile babethunyelwa "ngemuva kwezintaba nolwandle." Yilokho nje lapho thina uku indlela yethu. Amabanga entabeni yeRussia, ngaphandle Ural ngokubabazekayo, esisogwini emaphethelweni lizwe. On endaweni yayo imayelana 20 noma ngaphezulu izintaba 1 th. Iphakama Akaziwa, aphakeme zazo kubhekwa Elbrus. Kodwa kukhona abayizithulu ngakho futhi kanzima ukuze afinyelele izindawo yokukala ukuphakama ezinye iziqongo akunakwenzeka. Evamile emikhulu eRussia kungenziwa ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziyisithupha:

1. ECaucasus.
2. Zase-Ural.
3. Hibiny.
4. Ekude.
5. South eSiberia.
6. Enyakatho-mpumalanga eSiberia.

I last izinto ezintathu zihlanganisa ngempela ensimini ezinde kakhulu, ezingase ibekwe kwekulu izintaba emikhulu lé eRussia.

Afanayo enyakatho-mpumalanga eSiberia

I esenyakatho ye-mpumalanga esifundeni baseSiberia buthatha ubuhle ezimangalisayo zezinto eziphilayo. Abancane nabadala izintaba, ehlathini izindawo emathafeni - yilokho ubunjalo sezwe futhi esifundeni. Iphuzu esiphezulu we Plateau East-laseSiberia, Mount Victory, ifinyelela ukuphakama angu-3. Ungomunye aphakeme phakathi kwawo wonke amabanga entabeni Eastern eSiberia, okuyinto yokwelula ngezinyawo amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-14. Ngaphandle lokhu yasezinkangala, amalungu afanayo ihlanganisa Verkhoyansk Range, Intaba Byrranga kanye Central laseSiberia Plateau.

Ezindaweni esenyakatho ye-mpumalanga enwetshiwe inkathi kwamadwala Mesozoic futhi Cenozoic. Futhi, kukhona kokubili izinguzunga zeqhwa zasendulo nezanamuhla. Arctic sezulu uhlobo kuholela yokuthi ezinye emifuleni zivaliwe ngokugcwele, okungukuthi, ngokoqobo kuze kufike phansi.

elinezintaba Verkhoyansk

Verkhoyansk Ridge ibalazwe IRussia ingelinye lamazwe ezindaweni eziyisikhombisa entabeni esifundeni enyakatho mpumalanga. It ikhona ensimini ka Yakutia. Lesi simiso sihlanganisa amabanga enkulu kangaka Russia njengoba Harulahsky, Orulgan futhi Suntar-Hayata. Isimo sezulu sale ndawo kobukhulu ezahlukene. okushisa ubanda ongaphakeme ubuswa izinyanga 8-9 ilandelana. Ngo-January, izinga lokushisa ovamile sehliselwe -40. Snowpack iqala igcwale amanzi ngoJuni, nakuba entwasahlobo kusondela maphakathi no-May. Summer kuyinto esifushane futhi abanamusa, akuvamile kunakwezinye degrees 14. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi ungaphakathi share sengonyama imvula.

Ngenxa nzima izimo zezulu, labantu kule ndawo ngempela ongabalulekile, ngokulandelana, emadlelweni kanye namahlathi asetshenziselwa kabi. Minerals Verkhoyansk uhlelo entabeni - igolide imikhando polymetallic. Verkhoyansk Ridge kumephu Russia ibanga 1200 km kusukela eMfuleni Yelena ukuba Tompo, Aldana ziyamaniswa nokungangeni.

ubuhle Special ezikhanga ezintabeni wendawo. Russian Ridge ngokuthi Verkhoyanskiy kufana kakhulu uhlaka alpine sezwe. Eziqongweni abandayo engenabantu Verkhoyansk Ibanga obusa ezolile Arctic. ngezansi nje eqandisiwe emathafeni awugwadule dabukisa indawo nezimila yayo ompofu. Emithambekeni zikhule yemifino zikaphayini laseSiberia, birch yemifino, larch kanye nezihlahla. Futhi, kukhona ukufakwa asemaqeleni.

Harsh iningizimu yeSiberia: entabeni komkhathi

Ngasempumalanga yezintaba zase-Ural, phezu izinkulungwane eziningi amakhilomitha, le ntaba eSiberia - ndawo enobuhle emangalisa nobumsulwa. Russia ububanzi ukuthi bakule ndawo, ezidumile emhlabeni wonke:

• Altai.
• Alatau.
• Sayan.
• Salair.
• Tuva ezintabeni.
• Transbaikalia.
• IBaikal.
• The backbone.
• Aldan Plateau.

Intaba ububanzi emikhulu eRussia, ezifana e-Altai, enhle kakhulu futhi ifana lwaleli anolaka. Maphakathi we-Altai Izintaba itholakala Teletskoye Lake. Kwezinye izifunda, kukhona emaqeleni, izimfunda, efana Alpine, lime zeminqumo. Altai Indawo ephakeme kakhulu Mount Belukha. ukuphakama kwakhe - ezingaphezu kuka-4.5 amakhilomitha.

Eceleni Altai ezintabeni Alatau eduze futhi Sayan. Ububanzi entabeni kulezi zindawo siba banzi kakhulu, sifinyelela phezulu amakhilomitha angamakhulu ayisithupha. I Sayan Izintaba iqala ngendlela Yenisei okukhulu. Ekuqaleni, umfula wawukade nehlolamvula ezingezwakali, kodwa emva ukwakhiwa izitshalo amandla kagesi ukuze nginqobe intukuthelo yakhe. Lezi izinhlelo entabeni lwezinkalo eduze Russia, esimagama aso eyaziwa ukuqalisa: izintaba Tuvan nge iphuzu esiphezulu Mongun-ehlathini, Sangi-Len, Tannu-Ola. Iziqongo Dome Sayan Izintaba zaseTuva-like. Eduzane umngcele-Mongolian izinguzunga zeqhwa ezincane emithambekeni akhale asemaqeleni izindawo.

Onogada Abashisekayo ezijulile iChibi iBaikal ezintabeni iBaikal esifundeni, efana luhlaka eziyigugu sizungezwe Echibini elicwengekileyo. By the way, ukubukeka kwayo ubophekile echibini okusezingeni eliphezulu umsebenzi zomhlaba ebonwe lezi zintaba. Mayelana isimo sezinkathazo ungqimba lomhlaba kule ndawo uthi ukuzamazama komhlaba njalo. Uma inzika hhayi njalo egcwele phansi echibini, kwakungase ukufinyelela kwezingu-6 km ukujula.

Kancane kuya empumalanga kukhona izintaba Russia ngaphansi kwegama iBaikal. sici wabo ububanzi esiphezulu ibhande ntaba, engasempumalanga ifinyelela izinkulungwane amakhilomitha. Ubude ingqikithi neTrans-iBaikal ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 4 amakhilomitha.

Backbone: elihlanganisa izifunda

Eduze Amabanga eningizimu Pacific zixhumene ne Far East. A links yokuxhuma ku izenzo uchungechunge njengoba iRussia ziba wumgogodla kanye Aldan ithafa. Ugema eyinhloko mass iba umgomo futhi eyihlane, nge kwemihosha, amahlathi. Pyramids ayizintaba sici yemvelo phakathi Amour futhi Saha, futhi vertex musa bavuke ngenhla 2 km. On the nasemithambekeni zigodi Stanovoi Range ukutjala imithi ikakhulukazi coniferous. Izimpisi, izimbuzi kanye izimpungushe cishe kuphela abakhileyo kulezi zindawo, ngaphandle amaqembu amancane abantu abayimizulane: amaChukchi, Tungus futhi Yakuts.

Far East: nobukhulu

Intaba amabanga zaseMpumalanga Ekude ihlukile kakhulu futhi akuqinisekile. Dzhugdzhur we yokhalo esisogwini ogwini loLwandle Okhotsk, basondela ngokusebenzisa Insimu Amur kanye Primorye futhi Sakhalin, eKamchatka kanye Kurils. Kuwo wonke impumuzo variegated kakhulu, iphazanyiswe gulfs, izigodi nasemachibini amaningi. On ezinzima Sakhalin Island elise-East Sakhalin neNtshonalanga Sakhalin Mountains. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela eKamchatka eJapane, ugema Kuril eqhubeka, ukwakha isici esiqhingini arc. On the Peninsula eKamchatka ivelele intabamlilo Kluchevskoy.

Kluchevskoy: iparele eKamchatka

Lokhu mlilo kuyinto iphuzu esiphezulu kule nhlonhlo. vertex ukuphakama imayelana 5 km, noma uma sikubeka ngokuqondile, ezingaphezu kuka-4800 amamitha. Ngenxa yalokho, le ntaba-mlilo, waqaphela u-Eurasia eliphakeme. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17, ke isiqhume izikhathi 55, nakuba ngaphandle kokudala umonakalo omkhulu nemizana eseduze. Ubudala Klyuchevskoy amagquma has eminyaka 70. umlotha Ezinganyakazi emithambekeni egqumeni Klyuchevskoy ungabukela bangaphezi, kanye zululeka obukhulu imbali izimfunda esinqeni ke.

Labo abanquma ekhuphukela phezulu enta-beni, kufanele-ke bakhumbula ukuthi amagesi ezintaba-mlilo awavunyelwe ukuba imizuzu isikhathi eside kunaleso 10. Futhi indawo ephakeme futhi akuyona indlela engcono kuthinta umzimba womuntu. Kodwa ngalesi sikhathi kuyoba okwanele ukuze bajabulele ubuhle ezizungezile eziphakeme entabeni. Kunoma ikuphi okuvelayo ukunqoba Klyuchevskoy namagquma kuyakuqhumuka eziyohlala phakade.

Caucasus ngaphansi kimi ...

entabeni yokhalo waseRussia ngobukhulu - eCaucasus Greater - itholakala ephakathi kweBlack Sea yoLwandle iCaspian. IziNtaba zaseCaucasus kukhona ngokulinganiswa ayemncane, kodwa zihlukaniswa ukukhula njalo. Ngonyaka iphakama yabo babe eduze bhakabhaka ngamasentimitha ambalwa. Greater eCaucasus lunamagama abawasebenzisayo Black Izintaba, ephansi izintaba we Terek, Sunzha nokuthi musa ngisho ukufinyelela uphawu ikhilomitha elilodwa. Eningizimu, umuntu angabona ohlangothini okusezingeni eliphezulu, ukuhlukana futhi ugema main. Ukuziqhenya ezintabeni Caucasian - phezulu Elbrus - nje endaweni ye Lateral Range.

Caucasus Centre kukhonjelwe izikhukhula zeqhwa ezintabeni ze olubanzi inhlekelele futhi rockfalls. Kodwa isimo sezulu kule ngxenye ezintabeni uthambile, nakwezifudumele, e into efana eningizimu yeYurophu. Engxenyeni esempumalanga yaleli eCaucasus ungathi Asia Ephakathi impumuzo okuncane. Shono uhulumeni ethulwa therein okuthiwa Dagestan, okuyinto elihunyushwe kusho "zwe lezintaba".

Kodwa on the wonke eCaucasus kuyinto enhle kangangokuthi ngisho Velikiy Aleksandr Sergeevich bemdumisa emibhalweni yakhe.

Nasi Elbrus

Ekhuluma eCaucasus, akunakwenzeka ingasaphathwa iziqongo eziphakeme kunazo zonke ye-Europe - Elbrus. Kunalokho, iziqongo ezimbili, ngoba entabeni has iziqongo ezimbili umehluko ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-20. Ngu ubunjalo kumiswa Elbrus - kuba nentaba-mlilo yokuqothulwa. Yisigidi edlule, phakathi nesikhathi lasungulwa, emithambekeni entabeni ngejubane breakneck ishanelwe zamatshe umlotha, ukungcola, libe yinqwaba yamatshe. Konke lokhu iwukuba kancane kancane ukwandisa ukuphakama intabamlilo. Manje kumiswa idwala has isimo zokuhlonipha eliphakeme ski entabeni emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kamuva nje eyenziwa ohlwini sezimangaliso eziyisikhombisa Russian. Emithambekeni aseningizimu Mount Elbrus anemisila ikhebula izimoto isikhala ukuhlala ukhululekile zezivakashi.

Legends of Urals

Ekhuluma Russian izintaba, umuntu akakwazi bayakhohlwa zase-Ural. Kuyinto ukuziqhenya izwe, mhosha ohlukanisa empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Izintaba welule for km 2,000 eside ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu, kusukela e-Arctic Ocean Kazakh emaqeleni. Kukhona legend ukuthi kwalezi zintaba umsuka esiyingqayizivele impucuko Aryans ohlakaniphile, zifuna ababezoba iminonjana wesixuku ososayensi kanye nezivakashi ukuya Urals. Ingabe ikhona nendawo ezizobekwa Paranormal, okungase kube nentshisekelo ngisho ufologists, njengoba okuthi esikhathini njengabafokazi jungle Ural ukubonwa. Le ndawo enhle itholakala kahulumeni yokulondoloza imvelo Taganay. Akwaziwa ukuthi izindaba kweqiniso yezakhamuzi zendawo, kodwa iqiniso lokuthi kule ndawo kukhona ukwehluleka imishini kanye abantu ezanele uvakashele imibono ongaziwa - iqiniso obungenakuphikwa.

Esifundeni esise-Ural, ngisho has Stonehenge lalo. Bathi le ndawo ine enamandla kakhulu amandla isithembiso. It kuqeda imicabango emibi nezinkathazo.

Ural amathempeli lasendulo zezindela njalo ukuheha-pilgrim ezivela emhlabeni wonke.

Futhi, eziNtabeni zase-Ural - a mecca izivakashi, futhi kunoma iyiphi inkathi. Ehlobo - Rafting, ogibele ihhashi, Trekking, futhi ebusika - the Ukushushuluza bendabuko emithambekeni ngekhephu. Futhi kule minyaka yamuva, lapho kuqala umoya Chelyabinsk meteorite eMhlabeni babe imizila ethandwa kusayithi yayo kwesifo.

Kunezinto ukwenza esise-Ural, Speleology: emihumeni izakhiwo ichaze inkambu sina womsebenzi.

Russia amabanga zahlukahlukene kakhulu, futhi zakha ingcebo eningi yemvelo leli zwe elinezinto ezihlukahlukene futhi edidayo. Iningi labantu balapha Russia uhlala emathafeni, kodwa ezintabeni njalo ukuheha abantu ubuhle zalo zasendle acwebile.