Yiziphi izintambo?

Iqembu strings, mhlawumbe, eziningi kakhulu futhi ezihlukahlukene zonke izinhlobo zezinsimbi zomculo. Kuhlanganisa amathuluzi lelikhashane kakhulu komunye nomunye, kodwa hlanganyela one core limbozwe isihloko: zonke amayunithi wezinhlamvu babe yezinhlamvu. zomkhosi La mafutha sika.

Izinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo zomculo zingahlukaniswa zibe amaqembu amaningana ngokuvumelana nesimiso of umsindo. Izintambo kungaba uzwakale usebenzisa umnsalo, ingcosana nonhlangothi. Ake sicabangele eqenjini ngalinye.

Wakhothama zomculo ezinezintambo - kuyisisekelo iqembu elikhulu lomculo wezinsimbi. Lokhu kuyabonakala ngisho ngenani abaculi - cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu abaculi emculweni ekubetheni izintambo. Ithuluzi ububanzi ihlanganisa iyiphi kungenzeka umsindo ukuphakama - kusuka phansi ezijulile Bass violin ukuze eziqongweni sisonqenqemeni "ultrasound". Umsindo umucu nezinye izinsimbi zomculo eduze izwi lomuntu, ikakhulukazi ama-violin futhi violas. Abakwazi ukuveza ehlukahlukene, okubangela isilaleli njengoba ezihlukahlukene imizwa - kusuka soft futhi ukukhanya ebumnyameni nolaka lwabantu. Ngakho-ke, umculo Symphonic lokufeza eziqavile ngokuvamile ancike iqembu yezinhlamvu.

Eyokuqala yesimanje ezinezintambo amathuluzi ekhotheme uvele violin. Futhi kuze kube namuhla kubhekwa "indlovukazi" phakathi kwabo. Wazalelwa ngekhulu le-15, i-violin laba yintandokazi ngokushesha kwabaningi kulo lonke elaseYurophu. E-Italy, noma yimuphi wonke kwamaqembu amakhosi violin amacala - Stradivari, Guarneri, Amati. amathuluzi bayo busuke busakhula kuze kubhekwe ejwayelekile akunakuqhathaniswa. Ukulandela violin 'bayazalwa' futhi abanye bow - viola, cello, bass double. Zonke zifana isesimweni kodwa kuhluke ngobukhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho, uhla ukuphakama. Umehluko futhi ilungiselelo yabo ukusebenza umculo - violin compact nabaculi viola walala phezu kwehlombe layo, bass omkhulu futhi cello pose uqotho phansi, futhi, contrabass uwela ngesikhathi umdlalo wonke ukuma isikhathi, ithuluzi elikhulu kangaka. Esivamile konke lokhu umndeni kuyinto isimiso umsindo - usebenzisa umnsalo. kuphakama umsindo string vibration izuzwe bezihlikihla ngokumelene nalo ogayiwe resin umnsalo. Lapho ukugcwala futhi ubuhle umsindo, wakhothama amathuluzi string ngokuyinhloko wezinsimbi. Ngisho ukusebenza uwedwa ka violinists futhi violists kudingeka 'support' (upiyano noma ezinye ihambisana).

Iqembu elilandelayo - bekha amathuluzi yezinhlamvu. Lezi amathuluzi umthombo umsindo kunyakaza string uma zaschipyvayut umunwe noma plectrum. I sikakhokho bekha bekhonza 'njengobupristi obungcwele ukucula "bowstring ukuzingela umnsalo. Ithuluzi ezivame kakhulu bekha isiginci. Umnyaka efanayo violin, isiginci iye yatha- omkhulukazi emhlabeni wonke. Leli yithuluzi ozithandayo hhayi kuphela hhayi kakhulu ochwepheshe kanye abathandi umculo. Ngisho notorious "ukulele ezintathu" wazama balukhulume, mhlawumbe iningi labantu. Leli qembu sihlanganisa Russian Folk amathuluzi (domra, balalaika, nogubhu). Bekha string amathuluzi kuyaqabukela lisetshenziswe symphony wezinsimbi, nje ithandwa kakhulu e imichilo amateur.

Indlela yesithathu umsindo izinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo - buhlungu string isando. Omele ezivame kakhulu kuleli qembu - upiyano. Leli yithuluzi eyingqayizivele, okuyinto kokubili ukushaqeka-ukhiye bese yezinhlamvu. Pianist ngazo umunwe inkinobho, isebenze mshini abangela isando ukubabulala yezinhlamvu. I ababengaphambi upiyano sethu ikhibhodi zomculo ezinezintambo, esimagama aso manje izindebe wonke umuntu: the Harpsichord futhi clavichord. Esinye isibonelo salokhu amathuluzi string eshaywayo - amasimbali (uma udlala ku oyiculayo yabo ophethe izando kanye ushaya izintambo).