Yiziphi amaholide amaqaba?

Ngaphambi siqala ukukhuluma mayelana emikhosini yobuqaba wawobaba, mhlawumbe, ukubhekana lo mqondo "inkolo yobuqaba." incazelo ocacile kwaleli gama manje ososayensi bazama ukuba ningayeki. Kuqala kwakukholelwa bazitshela ukuthi ukuvela umqondo wegama elithi "inkolo yobuqaba" emphakathini wanamuhla kumelwe eTestamenteni Elisha. Lapho izwi Isonto lwamaSlav "iazytsy" uhambisane welithi "ezinye izizwe", okungukuthi, inkolo sihlukile ongumKristu. Izazi zomlando nababekade zezilimi abatadisha isiko lwesiSlavic, bakholelwa ukuthi incazelo engcwele yalokhu umqondo itholakala ubudala izwi Slavic "yazhichestvo" okuyinto ngolimi lwanamuhla ngabe linjengezwi "uzychestvo", okusho maqondana nokuzwelana, umndeni kanye igazi izibopho. Okhokho bethu benza nge izibopho ezihlobene novalo uswidi, ngoba babezibheka ingxenye konke, futhi ngenxa yalokho uyisihlobo Mother Nature futhi zonke zako.

ilanga

Kela onkulunkulu abaningi, futhi, yayisekelwe emvelo, futhi amaholide amaqaba babe isenzakalo ukuhlonipha futhi sibonise inhlonipho efanele la mabutho. Njengezinye abantu basendulo babengazi, lwamaSlav bakhuleka ilanga, ngenxa izinkanyiso zincike inqubo kakhulu sokusinda, ngakho imikhosi esemqoka besishumayela isikhundla sakhe esibhakabhakeni kanye izinguquko kubangelwa leli lungiselelo.

Amaqaba ngenjikalanga imikhosi

LwamaSlav sidilizwa waphila ikhalenda solar, okuhambelana ekhomba lapho ilanga lingakhona isihlobo kwezinye izinto ezingcwele. Unyaka ibalwa hhayi inani lezinsuku, futhi izenzakalo ezine eziyinhloko yezinkanyezi elihlobene ne-Sun: ngenjikalanga yasebusika, ngesikhathi sokulingana kwemini nobusuku Vernal, ngenjikalanga ehlobo, nelanga yasebusika. Ngenxa yalokho, utholakala emikhosini yobuqaba main zazixhunywe nezinguquko yemvelo ezenzeka phakathi ngonyaka yezinkanyezi.

The main amaholide Slavic

LwamaSlav sidilizwa eqala unyaka omusha nge ngesikhathi sokulingana kwemini nobusuku Vernal. Lokhu atewugubha anqobe ebusika kwadingeka igama Komoeditsa. Festival anikezelwe ngenjikalanga ehlobo, okwakubizwa ngokuthi uSuku Kupayly. Ngesikhathi sokulingana kwemini nobusuku yasebusika ukugubha iholide Veresen. Lomgubho main ebusika kwaba ngenjikalanga yasebusika - yabantu abangamaqaba iholide Kolyada. I iholide ezine eziyinhloko zokuqonda le okhokho bethu zanikezelwa elangeni incarnation, ukuthi kushintsha kuncike isikhathi sonyaka yezinkanyezi. Deifying ukukhanya akunika izimfanelo zomuntu, amaSlav wayekholelwa ukuthi Sun kuyahlukahluka unyaka wonke, njengoba umuntu phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Nokho, ngokungafani yokugcina, unkulunkulu befa ngobusuku obandulela usuku lwasebusika lapho imini imfushane, ekuseni liphuma futhi.

Kolyada, noma Yule, Solstice

Ekuqaleni yezinkanyezi ebusika, abakhulu zobuqaba zomkhosi lwasebusika lapho imini imfushane elalinikezelwe ukuvuselelwa Sun, elibonakala nge ingane, owazalwa ngo-ukuntwela usuku lwasebusika lapho imini imfushane (December 21). Celebration ezathatha amasonto amabili futhi waqala Yule omkhulu ekushoneni kwelanga 19 Disemba. UKhisimusi Sun wabutha bonke izihlobo, Izanusi omlilo okwesabisa away imimoya emibi futhi ubabonisa indlela eya ukuqoqa kwi samaholide idili izivakashi. Ngobusuku obandulela kokuzalwa kuvuselelwe amabutho ezimbi kwelanga kungaba ikakhulukazi asebenzayo ngoba ngenkathi ephakathi kokufa elidala futhi kokuzalwa Sun Svetovita entsha Kolyada kwaba ubusuku imilingo yokujama tsi. Kukholakala ukuthi ngiphetheni amabutho otherworldly okhokho bethu kungenzeka, babuthana ndawonye ukuze ujabule.

Ngalobo busuku, lwamaSlav lwavuthela omlilo isiko ukusiza ukuba azalwe ilanga. Kukhanseliwe emakhaya kanye ngemuva, wageza alethwe yena up. Futhi umlilo ngisazindla bonke ubudala futhi ezingadingekile, ngokomfanekiso futhi ngokoqobo ukususa umthwalo esidlule, ukuhlangabezana ilanga ekuseni savuka nokuhlanzwa kanye nokuvuselela. Namanje buthaka kakhulu ebusika ilanga ngokuthi Kolyada (isilwane esuselwe Kolo, ie umbuthano) futhi kwasijabulisa ukuthi usuku ngalunye oludlulayo ke luyokhula usuku uzoqala ukwandisa. Le mikhosi baqhubeka ekhalendeni lethu kuze kube sekushoneni kwelanga ngo-January 1st.

ebusuku Magic of Yule

I fabulous kunazo futhi imilingo lwamaSlav lasendulo, kanye nabantu yesimanje, kubhekwe ebusuku weshumi nambili ka-Yule (December 31 kuya ku-January 1) futhi agubha ezifihlekile yakhe ezihlekisayo, amaculo kanye bedansa. Wasinda kuze kube namuhla, hhayi kuphela isiko kumnandi ngalobo busuku, kodwa futhi okuningi. rebyatnya Modern ngokujabula elinde nkulunkulu wamaqaba Santa Claus, lapho amaSlav yasendulo okuthiwa ezongivakashela, zemikhaya evelele ukuze kushwelezwe futhi bavikele ngakho izitshalo zabo kusuka zeqhwa. Ilungiselela amaholide kaNcibijane, abantu namuhla ukuhlobisa isihlahla sikaKhisimusi ngezibani emnyango abethela Christmas amagoda ezimbali, futhi itafula amnandi ngokuvamile walala esitolo cookies kanye amakhekhe ngesimo izingodo, ngokuqiniseka bekholelwa ukuthi leli siko Christmas Christian. Eqinisweni, cishe zonke izimfanelo lathathwa Yule yobuqaba. Ebusika Samnika amaholide amaqaba - isikhathi sikaKhisimusi kanye Kolyadnye Ukudumisa abesifazane. Ayehambisana iculo, besina bethi: emadilini nokubhula Christmas. Phakathi mkhosi abantu adunyiswe ilanga abasha njengoba iwuphawu ecasula engcono ekuphileni okusha.

Komoeditsa

Vernal Equinox Day (Mashi 20-21) umkhosi esizinikezele ekuqaleni Unyaka omusha, umhlangano kwentwasahlobo uzowanqoba abandayo ebusika. Nge ikhalenda isonto, manje eyaziwa ngokuthi Carnival iye ukuganga kokufika kobuKristu futhi zayiswa ngesikhathi ekuqaleni konyaka. Komoeditsa zobuqaba zomkhosi lugujwe amasonto amabili, elilodwa ngaphambi ngesikhathi sokulingana kwemini nobusuku Vernal, omunye kamuva. Ngalesi sikhathi, lwamaSlav kugujwa baqina futhi ikhula ilanga. Ziqhutshwa igama zakhe zasebuntwaneni Kolyada at Jari, unkulunkulu welanga njengomvikeli esenamandla kakade ngokwanele ukuba igcwale amanzi eqhweni futhi ebuthongweni ebusika nemvelo.

Inani iholidi kakhulu okhokho bethu

Phakathi nokugujwa wawobaba bashisa khona isithombe sakhe obala nobusika, ngoba kwaba kaningi hhayi kuphela abandayo, kodwa futhi elambile. Lapho spring kokushiya Ingebhe samuntu abandayo nokufa ebusika. Ukuze ukushweleza izitshalo spring ukuqinisekisa umusa wakhe, incibilikiswa e wesakhiwo ensimini aliveza zesiqu njengoba uswidi entwasahlobo nonina. On emadilini iholide lwamaSlav ayenamandla okukwenza ukudla okunomsoco ukuze athole amandla ukusebenza isizini efudumele. Ephawula entwasahlobo yobuqaba New Year amaholide, zingabantu yesiyingi, bethi, kumnandi futhi ukulungele zemikhosi ithebula Pudding womhlatshelo - pancake, okuyinto by ukuma nombala wayo okusikhumbuza ilanga entwasahlobo. Njengoba lwamaSlav wayephila ngokuvumelana nemvelo, bona ahlonishwe flora wakhe nezilwane. Ibhere kwaba isilwane kakhulu ohlonishwayo ngisho ababhekwa njengonkulunkulu, kanjalo ekugubheni entwasahlobo kuye ukuze banikele imihlatshelo ngesimo pancake. Igama Komoeditsa uhlotshaniswe ibhere, layo okhokho bethu ngokuthi othile, kungakho yokubiza "Pancake nokuquleka ngenxa yokuphuza kakhulu lokuqala" futhi ngenxa yalokho okuhlose namabhere.

Kupayla noma Kupala

Ngenjikalanga ehlobo (Juni 21) igubha unkulunkulu welanga njengomvikeli - esinamandla futhi egcwele amandla Kupaylu, umuphi wenzalo isivuno esihle. Lolu usuku olukhulu, inhloko yabangamashumi yezinkanyezi yobuqaba ehlobo amaholide kanye kungukuqala ehlobo ekhalendeni welanga. AmaSlav babejabule futhi bayozijabulisa, ngoba lolu suku angaba emshikashikeni akhazimulise ilanga. Abantu yesiyingi, bethi ku umlilo ongcwele, wagxuma adabula kulo, ngaleyo ndlela sebehlanjululwe akhazinyuliswe emfuleni, amanzi ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni yakhe yalolo suku. Amantombazane bemangala ukuvaleka yabo futhi ake namanetha amanzi ngamakhambi kanye ehlobo izimbali. Ehlotshiswe izimbali futhi kuze kudabuke umhlane birch - isihlahla ngoba yomhlobiso wawo amahle aluhlaza sasifanekisela okuzala. Ngalolu suku, amandla akhethekile ukuphulukiswa unazo zonke izakhi. Ukwazi lokho okufundiswa emikhosini yobuqaba ehlangene magic bemvelo, kungenzeka ukuthi ababhula ngezinkanyezi ku Kupala Stocking zonke izinhlobo amakhambi, izimbali, izimpande, kusihlwa futhi ekuseni kwakuvelé umlalela.

Magic magic ebusuku

Slavic amaMagi benza izinkonzo eziningi ukuthola indawo Kupayly. Ngobusuku imilingo bagwema ensimini eared, singsong wokufundwayo uzungu kubo omoya ababi nasezifweni wabiza isivuno ocebile. On Kupala okhokho bethu bafuna ukuthola imilingo Fern imbali ukuthi blooms kuphela ngalobu busuku fabulous angenza izimanga nokusiza sithole le ngcebo. Baningi abantu izindaba ezithandwayo elihlobene ne ukufuna Fern eziqhakazayo Kupala, kusho ethwele okuthile amaholide imilingo ezingamaqaba. Yiqiniso, siyazi ukuthi lesi sitshalo lasendulo akusho eziqhakaza. A kukhanya wathola Schastlivtsev ngoba magic yokuqhuma okubangelwa phosphorescent eziphilayo ngezinye izikhathi khona amahlamvu Fern. Kodwa benza ebusuku futhi ukucinga kuyoba iyiphi elithakazelisayo kancane?

Veresen

Festival anikezelwe ngemva kwalolu suku kwakusho yasebusika (Septhemba 21), kwaba sekugcineni kokuvunwa futhi Ekuqaleni autumn yezinkanyezi. Emikhosini sathatha amasonto amabili, owokuqala Equinox (Indian Summer) - ngalesi sikhathi, isivuno yabalelwa futhi kuhlelwe ukusetshenziswa yayo esizayo. Esesibili - emva ngesikhathi sokulingana kwemini nobusuku yasebusika. Kulezi amaholide, okhokho bethu abangu ahlonishwe futhi ehlakaniphile ukuguga ilanga ukukhanyisa, ukubonga unkulunkulu inala yesivuno futhi enze eminye imicikilisho ku ngonyaka olandelayo yayivundile. Umhlangano ukuwa achitha ihlobo, amaSlav ashisiwe imililo kanye yesiyingi, bethi, iqeda emakhaya abo emlilweni ubudala futhi babasa esisha. Bona ehlotshisiwe endlini nge izithungu kakolweni wabhaka sethebula samaholide ezihlukahlukene amakhekhe esivunweni ukuvunwa. Lomgubho zenzeka ngendlela enkulu, namathebula zithwesiwe ukudla, abantu wabonga ngakho Svetovita nomusa wenu.

namuhla

Nge kokufika kobuKristu, emasikweni ithu yisidala gogo cishe wanyamalala, ngoba ngokuvamile inkolo entsha waphoselwa akuyona lizwi elihle, kodwa ngomlilo inkemba. Kodwa namanje inkumbulo abantu sika unamandla, futhi amasiko kanye namaholide isonto futhi ayikwazanga kubhubhe namunye, ngakho mina nje savumelana nabo esikhundleni nencazelo yegama. Yini emikhosini yobuqaba ihlanganiswe ne Christian, kokuba izinguquko zabhekana, futhi ngokuvamile shift ngokuhamba kwesikhathi? Njengoba kuvela, zonke ezinkulu: Kolyada - kokuzalwa Sun - Disemba 21 (ngoKhisimusi ngemuva kwezinsuku 4), Komoeditsa - 20-21 March (Shrove ngoLwesibili - Ushizi Isonto, sigudluke ngesikhathi ekuqaleni konyaka ngenxa Easter yokuHlawula), Kupayla - Juni 21 (ku-internet Ivana Kupala, isiko yobuKristu uboshelwe usuku lokuzalwa ku-internet Ivana Krestitelya). Veresen - 21 Septhemba (Ukuzalwa KukaKristu laseTheotokos). Ngakho, naphezu nekhulu leminyaka elidlule ushintsho inkolo, amaholide bomdabu Slavic, ngisho ifomu Ushintshe, kodwa isekhona, kodwa angavuselela ubani akazishalazeli umlando abantu bakhe.