Wiring wesifunda owawusemzini womzalwane kanye efulethini

Ukwakha izwe endlini yakho siqu - iphupho kwazo zonke izakhamuzi zomphakathi edolobheni. Cabanga nje kumnandi kanjani ukusebenza ngosuku, bese ukhathele ukubuyela umphandu izwe lakhe futhi uthole umoya opholile. Nokho, konke kule ekhaya kuzodingeka basebenze kanzima. Yiqiniso, umsebenzi oyinhloko noma iyiphi ukwakhiwa ukwakhiwa izindonga, ophahleni futhi kokuqeda ingaphakathi endlini. Nokho, ngesikhathi ukuthuthukiswa iphrojekthi kumele ngokucacile nenza umdwebo wiring owawusemzini womzalwane, njengoba kungekho ikhaya esimanje ngaphandle izimpawu impucuko - TV, ucingo, umculo isikhungo kanye nezinye zikagesi zasendlini. Uma ungenalo unake ngokwanele ukuba design of the ingxenye kagesi yendlu, kuyoba installation kakhulu nzima zikagesi. Lena ukukhumbula yimuphi unjiniyela ezahlela isikimu izintambo zikagesi ekhaya ngezandla zabo.

Kungani udinga ukusebenza kohlelo?

Njengoba siye saba sobala, kufanele itjheje amaphuzu woke zangaphambi ukwakhiwa. Yiqiniso, ukwakha wiring endlini kungenzeka nokuba ngiqede, nge efanele nakho ngogesi, kodwa umdwebo wiring owawusemzini womzalwane kumele yakhelwe kusengaphambili. Kuzothatha ku-akhawunti ezinye amaphuzu esiphezulu zobuchwepheshe design "ibhokisi" yokuhlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho:

1. Scheme of wiring owawusemzini womzalwane izonikeza ophelele nezidingo kwempahla yonke okudlekayo ukufakwa ezidingekayo: Izintambo zikagesi ezisobala, okuhlangana amabhokisi, plugs, ukushintshwa, nezinye izinto kancane, umuntu egijima emva ngamunye okuyinto esitolo kuyoba ungakhululekile kakhulu ngokuhamba umsebenzi.

2. imibhalo iphrojekthi kukagesi kwenziwe zonke izibalo ezidingekayo ukucacisa indawo edingekayo esigabeni cross izintambo, kanye kwemigomo namanye amadivayisi - switchgear, amamitha kagesi, kusho othomathikhi ukuvikelwa sindisa ukusiza ukuvimbela isimo esiphuthumayo.

Indlela dala iphrojekthi?

Isifunda wiring owawusemzini womzalwane kakhulu inquma hhayi kuphela lula ukusetshenziswa esikhathini esizayo zonke izinto zikagesi neze etholakalayo, kodwa futhi ukuphepha ukusebenza, ngakho kuhle kufanele kubeke ukuthuthukiswa linemen professional asebethole wafunda wonke netivimba nenkathazo izindawo. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukwenza iphrojekthi bebodwa. Asixoxe izisekelo ukuthi ayadingeka ukuze lokhu.
Ngakho, ifomu evamile efingqa ugesi emaphandleni kuyinto umugqa emoyeni nge voltage ka 0.4 kV. Esikhathini kokufaka kwedivayisi wesifunda - isihlangu ezethula - livela emoyeni eziveza umugqa ezintathu izintambo: PEN, uJehova isigaba nomhlaba zokuzivikela ukusebenza. Okusanda enjalo panel kagesi efakwe ngaphandle kwesakhiwo. Lokhu block yilona kagesi imitha kanye wesifunda amadlambi (zazo zichaziwe ngezansi).

I izintambo kusukela "umamukeli" ukuze uthole ngaphakathi endlini kuwukuphendula yangaphakathi, ngemva kwalokho wiring wesifunda owawusemzini womzalwane Ihlukana amaqembu amaningana ezinkulu namandla abathengi:

1. enethiwekhi;
2. ukukhanyisa zalapho;
3. iqembu kwezomnotho (enethiwekhi, ama-globe kagesi, sekuqalile e Umbuso amakamelo, isib, esitolo amakamelo noma idla ngokufaka amathuluzi, kanye nezinye izakhi isakhiwo wiring scheme);
4. amandla iqembu ezidingekayo ukuze awunikeze Amadivayisi amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu - kubhayela, a kubhayela nokunye.

Ukuze ugesi ephephile, izintambo umdwebo e esakhiweni sezingodo (isitini noma ukuvimba futhi kusebenza) kufanele lifake phakathi amadivayisi zokuzivikela ngayinye amaqembu ngenhla. Yini na? Cabanga isimo lapho, nganoma isiphi isizathu, kukhona nesifunda esincane idivayisi ukukhanyisa. Uma kuwukuphendula kuyoba eyodwa kuphela wesifunda full is "waquleka" ukukhanya kulo indlu, futhi kungakho ukulungisa konke kuyoba nzima nakakhulu. Uma imishini ezingaki esiqhemeni ngasinye ke indlu ngeke ahlale ngaphandle ugesi. Uma kukhona 2 emabhilidini, kungcono ukubeka kuwukuphendula ahlukene kokubili.

Kulandzelana kwalokucuketfwe lokuhleliwe amadivayisi kubhayela noma isibani kanje:

- umshini ezethula efakwe ngaphandle;

- imitha kagesi;

- yangaphakathi Plank Machine (efanelekayo owodwa esigabeni wesifunda wiring endlini), kusuka lapho kuqanda babashayeli isigaba;

- Zero isondo;

- ukuklama imishini ekwazi ukuzilawula ngayinye babashayeli isigaba (kwayo kuleyo ndawo yokuhweba, njalo njalo);

- earthing ibha.

Wiring wesifunda indlu yamapulangwe - it is a plan ukuthi ungakwazi ukuba sizikhandle ukubala ubude amakhebuli. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha engcono kakhulu ukubonisa izinto iphe- ekhaya uhlelo. Ngakho ucabangisise ukubekwa enethiwekhi, ukushintshwa, amalambu nokunye.

Kagesi futhi bahlakulele umqondo yokuxhuma wiring, kodwa lokhu kudinga ulwazi olwengeziwe, ngakho lapho nokulungiselela ngabanye kwento engashiywa.

"Sly" Izinkombandlela Izinqubomgomo

Ngomqondo onabile, akunandaba, ithuthukiswe wiring idayagramu e "Khrushchev" noma indlu ezweni lokhuni. Kunoma ikuphi, kuhle ukucabangela ezinye izinhlinzeko zoMthetho inqubo esikhona ngamazwe umsebenzi kagesi kuzosiza nokwandisa inani okudlekayo namandla umugqa ukusatshalaliswa amaphuzu ngaphandle kokuyekethisa Ukusebenziseka zikagesi:

1. I elula kunazo inkinobho - lowo itholakala eduze endlini ngendlu okunamathiselwe isibambo. I okufana elikhulu ukubeka - phezu kwesifuba kusezingeni omdala. Okokuqala, kuyoba ezanele wonke amalungu omndeni (thina sisekele isigamu zesifazane sabantu, ukuphakama silinganiselwa 10-15 amasentimitha ngaphansana amadoda). Okwesibili, inkinobho ngeke kutholakale phezu ababehlala nezingane ezincane.
2. I amahanisi wesifunda wiring ngaphansi esidayisa ngamunye kufanele ingakhethi, noma umane nombala basakaza phezu azungezwe we egumbini. Njengomthetho, kube lula ukuhambisa kangcono kude nezindinganiso futhi wesimethri - Cabanga, lapho bayobizwa zikagesi njenge-TV, i-computer fixed. Kwaba kulezo zindawo kufanele ibekwe nezinyawo. Akunakusetshenziswa musa skimp, kusukela isibalo Izitolo efakwe akusho konakalisa isikhala angaphakathi, kukuvikela ngokumelene overloads ezingaba umphumela ukusetshenziswa Tees. Ungabeki esidayisa amandla liphansi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi amakamelo zezingane (lapha ngokuvamile kangcono ukusetha inketho isivalo kufaneleka noma ngokuzenzakalelayo ukufihla Imigudu).
3. Ungayithathi kalula kwesigaba ukuklanywa izintambo ukuze asindise. Okuhle kakhulu ukonga okunjalo ngeke kuholele njalo ezithothene wesifunda amadlambi, futhi neze - kwakufanele 'ukuvula "udonga nokususa phambili kushaywa. Believe me, kungcono okungaphezu nje ukuthenga okudingayo.
4. Lapho layout izintambo ku uhlelo zokwakha yendlu, ungavumeli diagonal ukubekwa yabo. Njengomthetho, imigca basondela parallel ophahleni, futhi igatsha oyifunayo senziwa kuphela engeli kwesokudla. Yiqiniso, kancane kwandisa ubude izintambo, kodwa kakhulu lula inkonzo, futhi ikuvikela abanjwe ugesi uma udinga hang eshalofini. Cabanga nje ukuthi uhlobo ingozi kuwe adalule ngokwakho uma ukuba bayamba imbobo odongeni, hhayi azi ncamashi lapho kudlule ikhebula ugesi.

izindlela wiring

Ngakho, kulombhalo wiring efulethini iphaneli noma izwe indlu yangasese isivele athuthukile. Manje kudingeka unqume izici ukufakwa. Baqamba amanga enkulu ekukhethweni kuka uhlobo olulodwa:

1. ongaphandle;
2. ezifihliwe.

Njengoba leli gama lisikisela, uma ukhethe Vula luzothunyelwa odongeni ebusweni, ophahleni kanye nokunye. ukufakwa Ethukuswe - ephelele "ukumaska" izintambo futhi amakhebuli kagesi ezindongeni, ngaphansi amashidi okwakhiwa ngalo la mabhodi phezu ophahleni zamanga.

Izici ukuthumela iposi okuvulekile

Ngokushesha ezidingekayo ukuze umuntu ahlukanise phakathi izinzuzo eziyisisekelo nemibi zalezi zinhlobo ukufakwa. Okokuqala - ke lihle imigomo yesevisi inketho. Uma umdwebo wiring akuyona sezingeni elithuthukile izandla zabo professional ke nganoma isiphi isikhathi kungadingeka ukuba angenele, isibonelo, esikhundleni ingxenye wire okuqinile nge engxenyeni enkulu esiphambanweni. Cabanga nje ukuthi uma kudinga waklebhula esigabeni iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni, baphule ungqimba usimende. Lokhu kungagwenywa ngokusebenzisa ibhokisi plastic wekugcina, okuyinto wabethelwa odongeni, ukugcina ingaphakathi wire. Yiqiniso, ukubukeka kuyoba kancane ichithekile.

Lapho ebeka wiring endlini yangasese eyenziwe izindonga sokhuni, ukufakwa ezishaywayo-agibele amahhashi kufanele kugwenywe, njengoba izinkuni impahla umlilo enobungozi kalula okhela uma ka-short circuit e wiring. Ungakwazi baphendukela ukumaska olungaphelele izintambo esiteshini ikhebula ye emaceleni plastic yesimanje. Nokho, overdoing liphinde akudingekile, ngoba engamukeleki co-indawo, amandla kanye ukukhanyisa wiring. Phakathi kwabo kufanele kube igebe - mayelana 2 mm. Ngakho-ke ezimbili ezihlukene amandla ukugeleza kagesi kungcono kudingeka lihlukaniswe.

Izici ezishaywayo

Ukuze ezifihlakele wiring "punctures" e izibalo futhi obeka izintambo azivunyelwe nhlobo, kodwa aesthetics "esikalini off". Indlela yesibili kuzovumela nokubekwa izintambo zikagesi ukufihla ngokuphelele kuyo isakhiwo odongeni noma, isibonelo, ophahleni.

Afihliwe Wiring umdwebo ngaphandle sobuhle bayo, futhi ezinye izidingo. Ngakho, bonke izintambo kufanele kube ngokwanele aminyene ekuvikeleni ungqimba elizovimba umonakalo mechanical izingxenye metallic. Kungenjalo, esikhundleni wesabelo wiring kuzoholela eziningi enkulu ngokwanele imali futhi isikhathi esichithwa isikhathi esisha ukulungisa.

Uma wiring sibekwa egumbini ngamazinga umswakama high, isibonelo, amanzi okugeza, sauna noma echibini ke ukufakwa kungcono ukhethe wire kufihlwe ne PVC ulwelwesi, okuyinto evimbela ingress amanzi phezu wire.

umsebenzi wokwenza amalungiselelo

Izintambo zikagesi ezisobala iphrojekthi owawusemzini womzalwane - ngesisekelo wonke umsebenzi olwengeziwe. Ukufakwa - ke okungenani esigabeni sokugcina, kodwa akunakuqhathaniswa ngaphansi wemfanelo kuka charting. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi Drilling anemifantu ezindongeni noma Bambulala amabhokisi kudingeka wenze amalungiselelo athile:

1. Amapharamitha kohlelo zithuthukiswe futhi ngokucophelela isetshenziswa ebusweni izindonga, phansi nophahla - okwenziwe wokugubha, isibhakela, beqeqesha yizindawo ukufakwa okuhlangana amabhokisi, Enclosure, nezinyawo, ukushintshwa.
2. Wenziwe ukubala olunembile semali zikagesi nezimpahla ezidingekayo. Akunakusetshenziswa musa ukuthenga wire "Butt" ne ubude etholakalayo - Ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele ezinye wekhasi.

Kahle "Ukuthenga"

Manje uqhubeke ngqo ukubala ngenani lemali edingekile zikagesi. Nge main ukusatshalaliswa iphaneli futhi icacile - 1 lokungeniswa futhi 1 noma 2 ukusatshalaliswa (kuye ngenani samaphansi yendlu). Circuit amadlambi nazo ibalwe inani wiring imigqa. Kodwa on the izintambo, sekuqalile nezinyawo kufanele bahlale.

Ubude ikhebula kunqunywa emva kokuphawula izindonga yezizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Ibanga phakathi isihlangu okuhlangana amabhokisi, amabhokisi kusukela enethiwekhi futhi ukushintsha. Ngezinye ngokuhlanganyela ngamunye kuyadingeka ukuze ungeze okungenani wu 100 mm margin ohlangothini ngalunye, ukuze ungaba ngokunembile futhi sizikhandle beka izintambo ebhokisini okuhlangana kuyo, ngaphandle zokuwadonsela noma ngokweqa.
2. Ezindaweni uxhumano enethiwekhi futhi ukushintsha kumelwe futhi nesilinganiso encane - mayelana 50-150 mm (kuncike nokubekwa lula).
3. Uma izintambo kukhona ekhoneni amakamelo, kubalulekile ukuba ikhiphe isinxephezelo iluphu ukuthi kuzovimba ukungezwani wire zokugwema ukuphuka ngenxa ukusonteka isakhiwo ikhaya lapho ezomile futhi subsidence kwesisekelo. isitokwe Ubuncane phezu wire iluphu - 100 mm.

Manje okuncane mayelana yokuxhuma. Bayoba izidingo ohlwini izincomo:

1. Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, lapho uphuma khona kufanele zitholakale eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze usule izinto zikagesi eziphezu isilungisiwe. Njengoba ubuncane, ngoba zonke 10 square metres ezejwayelekile egumbini lokuphumula Kudingeka sibeke 2 enethiwekhi. Ngisho kangcono, uma bengekho olulodwa futhi double - elilodwa TV kanti ezinye izinwele-dryer, kanti eyesibili - ukuze kukhompyutha noma i-laptop. Uma inani lemali zikagesi ngaphezulu, futhi kudingeka Izitolo ngaphezulu.
2. Ekhishini uzodinga 1 isokhethi amakhulu (uma indlu kagesi), omunye - I-esiqandisini, omunye - I-embizeni, kanti bonke abanye njengoba kudingeka -. 1-2 ukufaka ukudla processor, mixer, njll, 1 - endaweni yakithi.
3. Indlu yangasese kungaba wusizo eziko njalo yokuxhuma umshini wokuwasha, nomunye - okwesikhathi dryer izinwele, curling ezinsimbini nokunye.
4. Qiniseka uma uhlela inani Izitolo Cabanga amathuba rearrangement ifenisha egumbini.

Njengoba lesifunda sakhona ke nabo, izinto lula kakhulu - tando suffice, omunye igumbi ngalinye, uma omunye isibani. Uma ezingaphezu kweyodwa, ungasebenzisa inketho double noma kathathu.

Amadivayisi Security - RCDs

Uma indlu yakho wiring uzobe wabeka ngezandla zakhe, isifunda yokuxhuma kumelwe ngempela zihlanganisa RCD, noma amadivayisi zokuzivikela ukuxhuma. Bona ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuphepha kwanoma iyiphi zikagesi, ikakhulukazi okuhlobene amanzi - imishini yokuwasha, izihlambi, "yokugeza izitsha", futhi heater amanzi. Umgomo we operation sedivayisi enjalo ilula - ke okuhlukanisa ukubaluleka wamanje isigaba kanye umqhubi hlangothi. Ngo operation evamile, umehluko lwamanje zero. Lapho okuthile okungavamile kungenzeka avuzayo phansi wire, okuholela okuzenzakalelayo Ukukhipha wesifunda kudivayisi RCD. Bunake kule divayisi ngenxa yezindleko zayo, njengoba kungasindisa impilo yomuntu.

Njengoba ezothatha isikhundla wiring

Isikhathi esining impela idinga nje laying wiring endlini entsha, kodwa esikhundleni sakhe phakathi kulungiswe. Kulokhu, omunye bangase bazibone isithombe belusizi lapho ukwahlukanisa wire isibe kanzima kakhulu futhi ukulungele sidilike at a touch nje. Ngakho-ke, kungcono esikhundleni sezintambo, ngaphandle kokukhetha, kanye kabusha isheke amabhokisi, oxhumana nabo enethiwekhi futhi ukushintsha (lokhu ngokuvamile hhayi okudingidwayo, ngoba ufuna ngempela ukushintsha ubudala kuya esidayisa yesimanje, okuyinto ukhululekile, futhi enhle). Eliphezulu wiring eziyosebenza eside kakhulu, ngakho kokubili esikhundleni kanye nokupakisha okuqala skimp on izintambo - ukuzishintsha kakhulu kunokukwenza esidayisa noma shintsha.