Usuku Student: Indaba iholidi eRussia

Ezizukulwaneni eziningana zilandelana izwe igubha esikhanyayo, bejabule futhi ezithakazelisayo usuku umfundi. Umlando lomkhosi sihlehlela emuva kusukela ngekhulu XII. Izenzakalo eziningi engimbumbile celebration yesimanje. Ezinye zazo uzokutshela esihlokweni.

Ngesikhathi edeskini bomdabu Alma Mater

Kusukela Latin elithi "umfundi" lihunyushwa ngokuthi umuntu njalo ukufunda, nentshisekelo okuthile, ukusebenza. ERoma lasendulo, okubizwa ngokuthi bonke abathintekayo izinqubo yobuchopho. emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva eziningana, ekhulwini XII lelo gama lalivamile ezigugile kuphela kulabo abaye baba ukuhlobana ngqo enyuvesi. Kodwa emva kusungulwa izihloko degrees zezemfundo ziqu othisha isidlaliso baba nelungelo ehlezi kumadeski wabo Alma Mater.

Kuwo wonke umlando kuba abafundi washintsha indaba yabo. Avuka ekuhlubukeni waphula eyeqisayo futhi izitayela ezintsha kwethulwa.

Isihloko inyuvesi lokuqala

Amaziko lokuqala ephakeme zemfundo insimu yase Russia wavula Petr Veliky. Le nyuvesi wokuqala yasungulwa ngo 1724 Petersburg. Usuku ukudalwa Academy of Sciences kungenziwa njengomkhosi umfundi ngosuku. indaba iholide kwakungeke kwenzeke ngaphandle komthetho imfundo imithetho yombusi. Lapho kwavela isikhungo ephakeme hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi isitayela, uhlamvu kanye nentsha ukunyakaza.

Petersburg Academy of Sciences wasebenza ngendlela engavamile, imisebenzi wayeka okwesikhashana. Ngakho-ke, ukuze bathole ilungelo omdala zimpi nyuvesi kanye eMoscow State University yaqanjwa M. V Lomonosova, elaqala umsebenzi wayo 1755.

iholide luyingxenye Russian

Isinqumo ku kuvulwa izikhungo ephakeme zemfundo eMoscow ngemvume iNdlovukazi Elizabeth. Kwasekusithi ngosuku inkumbulo Martyr Tatiana. Kusukela ngo-January 25, sombuso usuku base yokucabanga Russian namasiko futhi beqala ukujabula njengoba umfundi ngosuku. Umlando iholide wezwe lihlotshaniswa ngaleyo nombolo. Ebandleni isikhungo Yakhiwa yokudumisa usanta. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, Tatiana waba umvikeli we bonke abafuna ukuziluma egwadle yesayensi.

Usuku magic itholakala lokuthi ukuthi kwaqondana ekupheleni ikhalenda esikoleni, futhi ngenxa yalokho waba uphawu lokuhlala ngamaholide ebusika.

Okokuqala, ngo-January 25, sagubha kuphela eMoscow. Lo muzi ubizwa ekulungiseleleni sina, ngoba idili owawuse ngokumangalisayo futhi ezithakazelisayo. Ukunqoba ukuthandwa kakhulu phakathi nezazi, kodwa ayikwazanga ukugubha ngothi lwawo. Lomgubho waqala kunabaculi eyunivesithi. Umthandazo oyisibopho e felukholo isonto.

Ukudlondlobala isayensi

yasheshe isiko ku 25 Januwari. Phakathi neminyaka embalwa eyalandela lolu suku lugujwa njengoba usuku kazwelonke we umfundi. umlando iholide ukuthola imikhuba emisha. Ngakho, ekhulwini XIX, ngesikhathi ingxenye esemthethweni waqala omnikeza diploma, ukubonga, amadokhumenti ngani ekupheleni inqubo yokufunda. Lo mkhosi ubuhanjelwe hhayi kuphela abenzi bokubi ngokuqondile, kodwa futhi izihlobo, abangane. Izinkulumo, yabonisa imidwebo, omnikeza imiklomelo. Okulandelayo, abafundi kanye nothisha kwadingeka fun, isiphuzo futhi uphumule nezinhlangano komuzi.

Kukhona imibhalo efakazela ukuthi uma lokhu ilanga amaphoyisa Empire bahlangana emgwaqweni odakiwe izinsizwa, ke wayengabophekile ukuba akangajeziswa izaphula-mthetho, futhi babanikele isizo.

Umcimbi esiyingqayizivele wayengumfundi wesazi suku. Umlando lomkhosi eRussia usezuze izici ezintsha kanye nomhlaba obhekwe amandla Soviet. Abaholi ababili babengahambisani neze abantu kugujwa izinsuku zenkolo. Ngakho abafundi intercessor kanye ngesibalo, kwadingeka akhohlwe.

Umsunguli-Jan Opletal

Were izenzakalo nokuchitheka kwegazi wabuyisela isiko. Lamanje isikhathi umfundi, okuyinto kugujwa ngo-November 17, lihlotshaniswa seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili.

Ekupheleni kuka-October 1939 emigwaqweni ePrague abantu beza rally, injongo okwakukhona begubha weRiphabhulikhi lemfundo. ECzechoslovakia lapho amaNazi ethatha. Abahlaseli ayikuthandi umbukiso, ngakho-ke bahlukana. Phakathi ukushayisana wahlupheka ubudokotela-Jan Opletal. Man washonela esibhedlela. nozakwethu Funeral kwafika izinkulungwane zentsha. Lokhu konke kwaholela umbhikisho.

izenzakalo ezalandela babé isisekelo lesi ngoba ukugubha uSuku umfundi. Umlando lomkhosi ngoNovemba 17 yaphela kabuhlungu. Ekuseni ngalelo langa lo abahlaseli bagqekeza ehostela. Active, futhi kwakukhona abantu abangaphezu kwenkulungwane bathunyelwa emakamu okuhlushwa. Nine intsha wagwetshelwa ukufa.

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu eLondon umhlangano abafundi lapho kwanqunywa ukuba ngonyaka ukuhlonipha imemori izisulu ezingenacala ngoNovemba.

Club ukunyakaza onamileyo

Lezi yizenzo uhambisane imibono kweSoviet Union, ngakho umkhosi waphinde wabonakala ekhalendeni.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside kulolu suku lugujwe ingxenye kuphela ezisemthethweni ukuthi akazange ihluke Ubukhosi ekhethekile. Shintsha kwavela isimo kubafundi belandisa. Kwakuphakathi isinyathelo sabo athuthukile KVN.

Ngo-1957, izikrini lesi simiso "Ubusuku imibuzo onamileyo", lapho ababukeli ubaphendule ukuhola. Umbono esisha abasekeli abaningi. Okwavelela kwaba amahlaya wayekhona isifaniselo ngalunye. Kodwa ukwakhiwa kwaleso sikhungo kwamiswa. Ngo-1961, ukudluliswa kwe-Abadali unqume ukukhipha umkhiqizo omusha.

Namuhla kunzima ukubona ngeso lengqondo izwe ngaphandle KVN, lokhu kuyinto ngemfanelo esisemqoka celebration, owawubizwa ngoSuku umfundi, umlando nokuhlanganyela kulelo holide. Kanjani ukuqala inguqulo ehlukile "Ntambama nezindaba", iminyaka. Ukuhola kwakungu-Albert Axelrod. Ngemva kwalokho, salandelwa Alexander Maslyakov esebenza manje.

Zogqinsi ezahlukene labantu waba nengxenye imidlalo. Kodwa imiphumela emihle njalo kufinyelelwa izikole eziphakeme abafundi. Kubo, KVN kwaba ithuba hhayi kuphela ukuze siphumuze ingqondo, kodwa futhi ukukhombisa amakhono abo.

liculo lochwepheshe

Ukuze abafundi babo bonke ubudala ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ephelezelwa ingoma efanayo "Gaudeamus", okuyinto uhumusha kusuka Latin ngokuthi "ijabule." Umsuka walo - XIII leminyaka.

Anthem - luwuphawu osukwini yomfundi, umlando nokuhlanganyela kulelo holide. Indlela Bonke baqala? Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kwenziwe ezulazulayo izimbongi nabahlabeleli Vagant, phakathi kwabo ngokuvamile nabafundi emanyuvesi. Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka igama adluliselwa ngomlomo, ngakho kunezindawo eziningi izinguqulo.

Popular "Gaudeamus" baba eMbusweni Russian. Eyokuqala ngubani ngokusemthethweni abonisa, kwaba uPyotr Tchaikovsky. A philologist Sergey Sobolewski ukuhunyushwa, esetshenziselwa kuze kube yilolu suku.

Umbhalo usitshela ukuthi ukuphila kufushane, ngakho udinga ukujabulela njalo ngomzuzu.

Melody nge uhlamvu

Peru Vagant ngowomunye tune ukuthi waba uphawu lokuhlala abafundi emayunivesithi. "Ingoma abafundi 'yatha- endaweni Union e 1960-70, ngokulandelana. Kunobufakazi bokuthi wakhuphuka nayo ekhulwini XII. Ingqikithi yalo ezahlukene eziphuthumayo amahlaya, njengokuba sinesibindi futhi zaba namandla, okwakubekelwa libhekene abaculi abajikelezayo. izinkondlo okunjalo bathandile nabantu abavamile. nokuvuleka kwalo, ukwethembeka, ubuqotho okuthakazelisayo. Abalobi asesabi ukuba bahlekise ngayo, ukusungulwa kohlelo, bahamba ngokumelene izimiso atehlukanisa Ephakathi. Kungenxa yokuthi umklamo othandwayo ukukhanya bethatheka izinhliziyo zabantu.

Namuhla ingoma nje njengoba ebalulekile njengoba "Gaudeamus", Alma Mater, Student Day, umlando nokuhlanganyela kulelo holide. Kanjani ukugubha ukunqoba ngaphandle lokhu amashuni perky? She - lepilo bobusha.

Injwayelo yokufuna ukuba leli qembu sihlehlela emuva kusungulwa amayunivesithi okuqala. I namuhla emhlabeni ine ukunyakaza okukhethekile, esibonakala by isibindi, futhi umsebenzi self-ukuthuthukiswa.