"Umsuka Wezwe" - umdwebo kaGustave Courbet

"Imvelaphi yezwe" - isithombe se-Courbet, eshaqisayo futhi esesabekayo. Wayenenkinga enkulu kakhulu, eguqule abanikazi, futhi akabonwanga isikhathi eside.

Isakhiwo

Kuyafaneleka ukuqala naye, ngoba konke ngaye. Igama elilodwa kakade lizwakala elivusa amadlingozi: uGenesise, noma uMsuka Wezwe, noma ubulili nje. Kulokhu okwenziwa umculi ukuba abukeke. Ibonisa isibhamu esingenasici sowesifazane ongaziwa onomuntu ohlambalazayo oshicilelwe futhi ovulekile. Ngisho nanamuhla isithombe siqhubeka sikhathaza umbukeli. Futhi ngokuziphatha, futhi ngokweqile, nasepolitiki. Abantu phambi kwesithombe banamahloni. Phela, umsebenzi ugcwele esikalini. Futhi ubuhlungu bakhe obukhulu buqinile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuzungeza kwesisu kwesisu kungabonakali ukuzalwa kwempilo entsha. Okusho ukuthi, umculi wazama ukuxuba ukungcola nokuzala.

I-Kurbe yaxosha umphakathi ngekhulu le-19. Le ngxobo iyaqhubeka ibangela ukusabela okubi kuze kube yilolu suku. Umculi ubonisa iqiniso ngaphandle kokumbumbuluka, njengokuthi. Lona isimo somuntu ocansini. Kodwa akamvumeli ukuba abone ngaphandle kokudweba ikhanda lakhe. Okusho ukuthi, kuyisithombe esihlangene somuntu onesizinda esimnyama neshidi elimhlophe. Ngaphezu kwe-pubis kanye ne-ajar nipple, akukho okunye okumele sikubuke. Yilokho okwesabekayo, okucasulayo, futhi okubangela ukuzonda.

Amanothi atholiwe

Lo mculi wafihla ngamabomu ubuso balo wesifazane, ekwakheni isithombe esijwayelekile. Kodwa babecabanga ukuthi kubhaliwe, bese beqedwa. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zakamuva zalahla lo mbono. Ngenkathi uCrobet edweba umdwebo, khona-ke isibonelo sakhe sasiyiJohanna Heffernan. Kukhona isithombe esihle kakhulu se-Courbet, esise-US.

Kodwa wayengumfundi othandekayo we-Courbet. Wabuyeka masinyane zonke ubudlelwane nomculi ngemuva kokubonakala kwalesi sikhwama esingenasici. Nansi indlela umfundi we-Courbet amveza ngayo.

Njengesi- "Symphony ku-White No. 1" noma ngokuthi "Intombazane Emhlophe". Uma umuntu ebona imodeli ngalendlela, "Umsuka Wezwe" (isithombe seKhotho) sizobe uhlambalaza futhi uhlambalaza, empeleni, ngempela. Kukhona isibonelo esisodwa esicatshangelwayo - i-Countess Luane.

Kodwa nalokhu, akunakho ubufakazi obuqondile. Kule ndaba, "Umsuka Wezwe", isithombe se-Courbet, imangalisa kakhulu.

Abanikazi

Ukuphila kwendwangu kwakungezansi. Umnikazi wokuqala ngo-1866 wayengu-diplomate waseTurkey owawuphonsa endlini yokugezela, efihla ngemuva kwekhawundi eliluhlaza. Ngo-1868, "I-Origin of the World" (ukudweba imidwebo) iwela egalini, ikakhulukazi esitolo sangasese sikaMnu. Narde. Cishe, kusukela ngo-1912 kuya ku-1913, uguqulela abantu baseBernheim futhi ekugcineni ufika eHungary kuMnu Hatvani. Naye, ufihliwe ekuhloleni amehlo. Kodwa phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili imigwaqo yakhe iyanyamalala.

Ngo-1955, "I-Origin of the World" (isithombe se-Courbet) ivela endlini yengqondo kwengqondo uJacques Lochana. Umnikazi wangaphambilini akaziwa. Lapho futhi kugcinwa imfihlo. Ngenhla itha elinye indwangu. Kusukela ngo-1981 kuya ku-1995, izingxoxo ziyaqhubeka ukuthenga le ngxowa bese ziyithumela eMusimay Museum eFrance, lapho isengaphansi kwesibuko sokungenwa ngamatshe.

Isiqondiso sesitayela

UCrebé waqala ukusebenza, wenqaba ukufundiswa ngemidwebo. Ngemva kwenkathi yobuqiniso, waqhubeka waya kulolo lwazi ezincwadini nasekudwebeni, okubizwa ngokuthi i-naturalism. Abameleli abaqhakazile kulo mkhuba kwakuyi- Emile Zola nabafowabo u-E. noJ. Goncourt. Babehlala ngesikhathi se-Courbet. Ngokuvumelana nemibono yabo, ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebenzi kaSpencer, isithombe "I-Origin of the World" siyaqondwa. I-Gustave Courbet isusa yonke imibono yezinhlamvu, okwenza kube nokuthukuthela kwentukuthelo.

UMaxim Du Camp, umlobi, imbongi kanye nomgxeka, wamangala ngisho neminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili kamuva: "Lo ngumfanekiso ofanelekayo weMarquis de Sade." Imizwa enjalo yakhipha isithombe esithi "The Origin of the World" (1866). I-Court Gustave impela yayisebenza ngokucacile kule ndlela ekubonisweni okungenabulungiswa kokubonakaliswa komzimba wobuntu ("Ukulala", "Bath Turkish"). I-Courbet njengomculi-wemvelo ifuna ukuvula umuntu ngaphakathi, thola kulokho angakusoli, ukuyihlola ku- keyhole, ibhekwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Yilokho kanye umehluko okhona phakathi kokubukeka okunempilo, okuvusa ukuzwelana, nokuphila okunempilo, kodwa hhayi njalo injabulo, imizwelo, kanye nemvelo, ekhombisa ukunakekelwa okukhulu emzimbeni. Ngakho, umsebenzi we-Courbet waholela ekuguqulweni kocansi okwafika kamuva. Kodwa umsebenzi azibeka yena - ukuchithwa kwesithombe - manje ufezwa ikhamera. Ngokusobala, yena ngokwakhe wayekholelwa, ethola isithunzi ngenxa yecala, wenziwa njengomculi. Kodwa i-Courbet ayitholanga ukuhlonishwa kwabantu, noma imali.

Ubani onentshisekelo ku-Courbet

I-Courbet yafa ngobumpofu. "Imvelaphi yezwe" - isithombe sombuthano omncane wabathandekayo. Kuyinto engokwemvelo ngomqondo wemvelo (ubulili, ukuzalwa kwengane). Ukunakwa komuntu ukucabanga ngezinkinga eziyinhloko - ngokuthi kungani siphila nokuthi kuzokwenzekani kamuva, ngeke kudonsele. Kodwa le mibuzo imane njalo ngesikhathi sokuphila wonke umuntu uyabuzwa.