Simonov Monastery (1370)

Ancient Simonov sezindela eyasungulwa ngo ngeminyaka yoma ngekhulu nane, umshana, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo Umfundi Sergiya Radonezhskogo uVenerable Fedor. Nguye kamuva eyaduma njengoba lo mqeqeshi ngokomoya ePrince Don.

Igama Simonov sezindela yethiwa Stefana Hovrina wohlanga olukhulu owaba indela uSimoni, unikele ngayo le ndawo ukuze ekwakheni isakhiwo ngamakhilomitha ayishumi eningizimu yeMoscow.

Ekuqaleni, Isigodlo kwaba kancane phansi UMfula iMoscow, okuholela eMoscow, kodwa Fedor, uzama ukuthola ubumfihlo nakakhulu, letikhetselwe sezindela indawo ehlukile kakhulu, eduze kusukela ubudala. Futhi 1380, Simonov sezindela washukumiseleka ukuba indawo lapho injena namuhla. Kusayithi wayeneminyaka kuphela kukuliphi Isonto elincane kukaJesu, a turret insimbi okuyinto engxenyeni kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili yesibili letfolakala amathuna Peresvet futhi Oslabya - amaqhawe impi ye Kulikovo.

Simonov sezindela yayaziwa Russia: lapha njalo zathuthelekela iminikelo emikhulu. Wayengumuntu babathanda kakhulu ngokuvakashela uMbusi uTheodore A., ukuze okuye ngokukhethekile esakhiwe amaseli ukuze inkosi engaphila ukuthandaza ngesikhathi Ebolekwe. izindela yakhe edume kunazo zonke - Kirill futhi Ferapont - abafundi St. Radonezh, kamuva sidluliselwe lezindela Aleksandra Svirskogo.

Ngo 1771st, lapho wokubusa uCatherine II, Simonov sezindela savalwa futhi ivuliwe ngesikhathi ekusakazeni amandla abesabekayo Igagasi sifo Plaguelands ngokuhlukaniswa, kodwa 1795, ngenxa ngesicelo lomholi Russian Musin-Pushkin, lokhu abode ongcwele abuyiselwe.

Ngokusho amazwi umlobi wezenzakalo, Isigodlo baba "yisihlangu" ngokuphindaphindiwe e Moscow, ukuvikela ke ezitheni. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, wayevame wathatha ukumelana izitha, ngaphansi kuphangwa we AmaTatar, futhi zikhathi ezigcwele izinkathazo wajeziswa ngokuphelele futhi cishe bawubhubhisa.

Esikhathini 1920th, ngemva kokufika kwabakhi uhulumeni kwamaBolshevik, Simonov sezindela wahlupheka isiphetho enkulu yesonto Russian: ke ezaqedwa ngokuphelele. Kusukela ngo-1923, isakhiwo wayo kwaba Museum, eyathatha kuphela kuze 1930. Umqondisi we Museum wayeyindoda ehlakaniphile kakhulu futhi kuyasebenziseka, ongimise ubuhlobo nomphakathi esontweni lendawo, siwuvumele ukuba sifeze inkonzo e lamathempeli esenana umnakekeli Museum kanye ukuzihlanza izindlela lomphakathi. Ngo-January kwalowo nyaka iKhomishani Yombuso nokho waqaphela ukuthi ingxenye sezindela izakhiwo lasendulo kudingeka londoloza njenge izikhumbuzo zomlando, kodwa thempeli ezinye izindonga namanje, kwanqunywa ukuthi lowo muntu adilize.

Explosion ngobusuku Januwari 21 ngosuku esenzeka wesithupha umholi kwi emoyeni sathandwa ezinhlanu kweziyisithupha amasonto kweNyuka Cathedral nge belfry, Isango Isonto nemibhoshongo - wabathengi futhi Tainitski, kuwe zonke izakhiwo eduze. Phakathi Subbotniks ukusebenza yawa cishe zonke izindonga Simonov Monastery, yabhubhisa zonke amathuna okwakusemhlabathini Insimu Isigodlo, futhi emanxiweni ababesele besindile "inqaba obscurantism yeSonto", njengoba kulotshiwe emakhasini "Ogonyok" umagazini, ngo-1937, elamiswa Palace of Culture.

Isigodlo waphindiselwa isonto kuphela ngo-1990, lapho liqala ngenkuthalo ukubuyisela.

Wafinyelela kithi kuphela ingxenye encane yawo. Kusukela sezindela wakwazi ukusinda odongeni wayo oseningizimu nge imibhoshongo: the emincane "Dulo" pentagon "Forge" futhi round "Usawoti" is kwalondolozwa njengemiBhalo Refectory futhi iSonto uMoya oNgcwele ..